[phoenix] issue51 【20100218】12号

zj-129UID: 2179763

51 "Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."

It is obviously effective when education meet individuals’ needs and interests. However, the author argues that the designed and specific details of education are the full and advanced causes which I cannot agree with. Education will be truly effective when it meet the most people’s needs and interests.

Education, no matter in Western or in Eastern, is always the most effective and useful approach to bring new generation of one society to go ahead. The professional education workers, namely teachers, are always be respected as the worker of human being’s hearts and minds, who get the highest social level from ancient time to contemporary life. Thus, there are so many methods are designed to develop people’s minds and thoughts. Kongfuzi, a famous educator and Chinese philosopher who lived about several thousand years ago, has said that education should respect each student’s characteristic and interests so as to educate them in the most suitable way. That’s means education will have the highest effects when it is suit every single students characteristic, and what’s more, the core of education is educate people in the most proper ways.

However, education, as a vital part of society and a serious number of organism whose most important aim is to civilize persons as much as possible for one country so as to generate citizens for modern and global world. Only in that case, the soft power of one nation would be competitive among the whole nations. Histories show us the facts that the unchangeable status of education during one country’s developing plans. Taking U.S. for example, U.S. now is the only super country in the world which is along with the incredible developing speed of civil education, especially the college education which was once called the collection of the overall world’s talents.

What’s more, as the pragmatism goes around, some people or organizations are always just look the short term effects which cause the horrible situation nowadays, such as locate the education as a industry to push the whole society’s economies. How to evaluate education which is varied far away from the other parts of social fields? Except meeting each student’s needs, according to my perspective, long-term social effects must take into account. As an old-saying said that, ten years are needed for raising a big tree whereas one hundred years are needed for educating a person. Education effects are viewed not only by the short-term aims, such as meeting student’s needs and interests, but also by considering lots of complicated social factors, such as the teachers, parents and environments as well. Thus, it is improper to evaluate education effects only by the specific designed details.

To sum up, as the reasons above, In my perspective, education can be effective when it meets the student’s needs and interests so as to a variable education methods. However, students’ satisfaction, which is so vital that nobody will disappointed, can not as the only condition to judge education effects. In stead of this single method, we should take more approaches into account to rich the effects judgments.

86145787UID: 2672301

It is obviously effective when education meet individuals’ needs and interests. However, the author argues that the designed and specific details of education are the full and advanced causes which I cannot agree with. Education will be truly effective when it meet the most people’s needs and interests.
Education, no matter in Western or in Eastern, is always the most effective and useful approach to bring new generation of one society to go ahead. The professional education workers, namely teachers, are always be respected as the worker of human being’s hearts and minds, who get the highest social level from ancient time to contemporary life. Thus, there are so many methods are designed to develop people’s minds and thoughts. Kongfuzi(改为Confucius或者Kongzi), a famous educator and Chinese philosopher who lived about several thousand years ago, has
said that education should respect each student’s characteristic and interests so as to educate them in the most suitable way. That’s means education will have the highest effects when it is suit every single students characteristic, and what’s more, the core of education is(加that,句子缺少成分) educate people in the most proper ways.
正面论证：个性教育对教育的重要性，主题句放在段首较好
However, education, as a vital part of society and a serious number of organism whose most important aim is to civilize persons as much as possible for one country so as to generate citizens for modern and global world. Only in that case, the soft power of one nation would be competitive among the whole nations. Histories show us the facts that the unchangeable status of education during one country’s developing plans. Taking U.S. for example, U.S. now is the only super country in the world which is along with the incredible developing speed of civil education, especially the college education which was once called the collection of the overall world’s talents.
教育的重要性,此段的论证作用不明显，没能为主题服务

What’s more, as the pragmatism goes around, some people or organizations are always just look the short term effects which cause the horrible situation nowadays, such as locate the education as an industry to push the whole society’s economies. How to evaluate education which is varied far away from the other parts of social fields?
Except meeting each student’s needs, according to my perspective, long-term social effects must take into account. As an old-saying said that, ten years are needed for raising a big tree whereas one hundred years are needed for educating a person. Education effects are viewed not only by the short-term aims, such as meeting student’s needs and interests, but also by considering lots of complicated social factors, such as the teachers, parents and environments as well. Thus, it is improper to evaluate education effects only by the specific designed details.
没有讲清楚为什么个性化教育是短期效应，从论证的第一段到第三段有逻辑上的问题，第一段还在说个性化教育好，可是第三段突然把它归结为短期效应，有点让人费解。

To sum up, as the reasons above, In my perspective, education can be effective when it meets the student’s needs and interests so as to a variable education methods. However, students’ satisfaction, which is so vital that nobody will disappointed（“这是很重要的，没有人会感到失望”，好像没有因果关系吧）, cannot as（应该用动词treat as）
the only condition to judge education effects. Instead of this single method, we should take more approaches into account to rich the effects judgments.

[phoenix] argument 51 【20100218】12号

51 The following appeared in a medical newsletter. "Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. The first group of patients, all being treated for muscle injuries by Dr. Newland, a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, took antibiotics regularly throughout their treatment. Their recuperation time was, on average, 40 percent quicker than typically expected. Patients in the second group, all being treated by Dr. Alton, a general physician, were given sugar pills, although the patients believed they were taking antibiotics. Their average recuperation time was not significantly reduced. Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment." The author argues that secondary infections must be the first reason keeping patients from healing soon after severe muscle strain. This conclusion is proved by the preliminary results of two groups of patients recently. However, this hypothesis is not too persuasive enough to make me believe the conclusion. My reasons are as follows: To begin with, the two group patients are compared as an example to prove the results. What a pity that the assertor are too naïve(乱码了？) to compare them. As we all know that even the same results of patient might caused by absolutely different reasons. As to the assertion, we cannot see any specific details of the name of the two groups of patients. It is so absurd to compare two groups of patients without even knowing the names of their illness. This is the first big mistake the author has got.不只是挑错，而是要找逻辑漏洞，指出作者没考虑到的可能结果 Secondly, the first group is treated by Dr. Newland(N), a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, whereas then second group is treated by Dr. Alton(A), a general physician. It’s obviously easy to find out that the two people are in the two different professional fields. I am not surprised at all that a sports medicine doctor treated his patients more quickly than a physician, whose profession is less useful when facing the problem of treatment. It is equal that asking a 7 years student to solve the math problems compared with his teacher. It is unfair at all. Finally, the medicines used in two groups, antibiotics in group one whereas sugar pills in group two, are as the evidences to support author’s hypothesis.（作者并不是把药作为假设的证据，而是试验结果） With the names of the two group patients absents, we cannot judge the specific treatment good or not. It is possible that sugar is the best pills treating the second group, or antibiotics might delay the recovery of the first group. Thus, the medicines and specific treatments cannot prove author’s conclusion as well. Sum up, there are so many uncomfortable compared mistakes exist that the conclusion author want to prove is unpersuasive enough to makes me believe. The hypothesis that secondary infections may keep some patients from recovering as fast as possible after severe muscle strain cannot be proved by preliminary results of the two groups of patient.

我认为可以质疑的地方如下：
1，医生质疑的是对于严重肌肉损伤，二次感染可能妨碍了病人的快速康复；但是试验和结论并没有对于病人的严重程度进行限定，如果试验中的病人一组是严重肌肉损伤，一组是普通肌肉损伤，那么试验结果就是毫无疑义的。
2，在试验的设计上，并没有控制被研究变量（抗生素）之外的其他变量，如果治疗条件，仪器，和医生的水平在两组试验中有大的差别，那么试验结果也是无意义的。
3，对于研究变量抗生素，另一组的病人却服用汤药，但作者并没有给出糖药对于病人的康复有没有影响，我们完全可以假设糖药对于肌肉损伤有很大的副作用，那么结论也是没有依据的了。