ISSUE138 求拍

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                 118. “Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress.”
失败是成功之母


提纲：
首段：首段：I appreciate with what the speaker contends for our personal experiences and social reality gives us a clear picture: Failure is the mother of success. Additionally, what I want to supplement is that we should avoid unnecessary mistakes and try more new mistakes to proceed better.
第二段：第二段：从小到大，我们总是在不断地尝试和错误中学习到新的新的东西，取得不断的进步。从我们还是婴儿开始，我们便通过不断跌倒爬起学会走路。到我们成人了，我们通过纠正错误的认识学会各种知识，学会与人交流，懂得辨别真伪，最终明确自己的位置。显然没有错误我们不能成长。
第三段：第三段：从社会层面上讲，各领域进步也是在错误的陪伴之下进行的。典型的是在学术领域，各种成果的诞生都是在经过无数次失败的尝试才取得的。例子：光的本质的研究。粒子说，波动说，然而各种实验事实都表明，单独用某一理论并不能对所有物质加以解释，最终两者被统一用光的波粒二象性来解释，这个探索持续了几代科学家的努力，期间无数的错误认识都对最终建立合理的理论起到了积极的作用。
第四段：第四段：除此之外，在社会其他领域，很多进步也是在不断的错误中进行的。国家的治理需要不断的尝试新的政策，期间经过的挫折是确定合理政策必不可少的。中国改革开放的例子。
第五段：第五段：然而，我们在发展的同时，应当铭记不去犯那些重复而没必要的错误，那种错误时一种对时间的浪费，另外我们还可以去大胆探索未知世界，通过不断发现并纠正那些新的错误取得更大的发展空间。
尾段：总结




I appreciate what the speaker contends for our personal experiences and social reality convey an unchangeable fact: Failure is the mother of success. Additionally(持此之外), what I want to supplement is that we should avoid unnecessary mistakes and try more new mistakes to proceed better.


From the personal-growth respect, we are learning new things through constant trial-and-error, thereby making the progress little by little. When we were infants（婴孩）, we learned how to walk by falling down again and again. As we become adults, we learn various fields of knowledge, how to communicate, the ways to judge the good and evil and finally realize the right position of ourselves in the society just through correcting the daily mistakes and wrong senses. The corrector may be our parents, our teachers, our friends, the medium, even the stranger's words and ourselves. It is obvious that we can not grow without the company of mistakes.




At the social level, the progress of various aspects of human endeavor has been achieved by the existence of mistakes or failures. Typical cases which can demonstrate this point are among the academic world, where much fruition came into being with motivation of numerous failures of trials. In 1920s, a heated argument was held regarding the nature of light. The former fruition which was accumulated over centuries justified the validity(正确性) of particle theory. But the newly found experimental evidence strongly challenged the particle theory, which eventually lead to the birth of wave theory- a completely new concept. However, things were not so easy. There did exist many problems in the wave theory despite of the success it made in explaining the new phenomena, which just need the help of the former particle theory. So the argument about the nature of light seemed impossible to end. Finally, the duality（二相性） property of light was introduced, which united the two theories above and applied to almost any condition. Many scientists’ efforts of several generations were made to reveal the discovery, during which tremendous wrong ideas had positive effect on the establishment of the ultimate and reasonable theory.


In addition, many other fields of science have seen the power of mistakes. The management of a country is a huge task which especially calls for the issue（政策的出台） of good policies. The drawbacks which the government faces are useful and necessary for them to make the right and rational policies. Since 1978, the policy of reforming and opening to the outside conducted in China has pointed a totally new way for the Chinese people. The process of development is laden with（充满了） unbelievable difficulties and obstacles, which naturally render many mistakes to happen. By the careful study for the solutions, China has acquired the quick and steady rise in the world stage over the years.




Nonetheless, we should keep in mind that the repeated and unnecessary mistakes should be avoided. On the one hand, these mistakes are a big waste of time, which will not supply any valuable information. On the other hand, they hinder the pace of discovering the unknown world, finding more areas in which the new mistakes that are worthy of trials are certainly contained.



To sum up, the mistakes we encounter everyday give us good lessons. We can make great progress by the scrutiny of the cause of mistakes and by the correctness of them so as to prepare us better for the unknown challenges. And we also need to check the mistakes to escape from the andats（重蹈覆辙）.

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