[Big Fish]ETS官方范文1分析——专才VS通才（by-bobbiezz）

BobbieZZUID: 2756583

"In our time, specialists of all kinds are highly over-rated. We need more generalists — people who can provide broad perspectives."


Please note:
All of these sample essays are reproduced as written, although reformatted for this document. Misspellings, typos, grammatical errors, etc. have been retained from the originals.

Benchmark 6
In this era of rapid social and technological change leading to increasing life complexity and psychological displacement,（主题句） both positive and negative effects among persons in Western society call for a balance in which there are both specialists and generalists.
开头并没有我们日常所见的I concede that/The statement assert that…这类的模板化语言。

Specialists are necessary（后面的一段话都是在解释necessary） in order to allow society as a whole to properly and usefully assimilate the masses of new information and knowledge that have come out of research and have been widely disseminated through mass global media. As the head of
Pharmacology at my university once said (and I paraphrase)(例子引证并加以说明，避免了因抄袭带来的雷同问题): "I can only research what I do because there are so many who have come before me to whom I can turn for basic knowledge. It is only because of each of the narrowly focussed（focused）（满分也会有错误） individuals at each step that a full and true understanding of the complexities of life can be had. Each person can only hold enough knowledge to add one small rung to the ladder, but together we can climb to the moon.
（比喻）" This illustrates the point that our societies level of knowledge and technology is at a stage in which there simply must be specialists in order for our society to take advantage of the information available to us.
例子：Pharmacology specialist的观点说明了作者的观点，并用形象的比喻说明知识的积累重要性
主题句：专才重要

Simply put, without specialists, our society would find itself bogged down in the Sargasso sea

（《茫茫苍海》Wide Sargasso Sea 1993. 获奖经历. 2004年因主演《21克》而获奥斯卡最佳，在这里Sargasso sea应该与我们的比喻意思一致：广阔的知识海洋） of information overload（主题句）. While it was fine for early physicists to learn and understand the few laws and ideas that existed during their times, now, no one individual can possibly digest and assimilate all of the knowledge
（digest很形象） in any given area.
例子：early physicists have large knowledge nobody can gain all
比喻词：Sargasso sea，digest knowledge
主题句：专才重要，否则迷失在知识海洋


On the other hand, Over specialization means narrow focii(foci) in which people can lose the larger picture. (主题句) No one can hope to understand the human body by only inspecting one's own toe-nails.（比喻句） What we learn from a narrow focus may be internally logically coherent but may be irrelevant or fallacious within the framework of a broader perspective. Further, if we inspect only our toe-nails, we may conclude that the whole body is hard and white. （借比喻句深入观点） Useful conclusions and thus perhaps useful inventions must come by sharing among specialists. Simply throwing out various discoveries means we have a pile of useless discoveries, it is only when one can make with them a mosaic（很形象） that we can see that they may form a picture.
例子：inspecting one’s own toe-nails instead whole body
比喻词：mosaic
主题句：过分的专才会使人们忽视重要的部分（专才的负面）

Not only may over-specialization be dangerous in terms of the truth, purity and cohesion of knowledge, but it can also serve to drown moral or universal issues. Generalists and only generalists can see a broad enough picture（主题句）
to realize and introduce to the world the problems of the environment. With specialization, each person focusses(focuses) on their research and their goals. Thus, industrialization, expansion, and new technologies are driven ahead. Meanwhile no individual can see the wholisitc(holistic) view of our global existence in which true advancement may mean stifling individual specialists for the greater good of all.
例子：industrialization expansion，new technologies are driven ahead.
主题句：过分专才危害真理+掩盖道德和普遍问题（进一步引申专才的危害）
        通才的重要

Finally, over-specialization in a people's daily lives and jobs has meant personal and psychological compartmentalization（好长的词，意思是区分划分）. People are forced into pigeon holes
（引申为：鸽笼式文件夹/格子架。在这里应该是比喻各种专业的细分） early in life (at least by university) and must consciously attempt to consume external forms of stimuli and information in order not to be lost in their small and isolated universe. Not only does this make for narrowly focussed（focused） and generally poorly-educated individuals, but it guarantees a sense of loss of community, often followed by a feeling of psychological displacement(心理位移) and personal dissatisfaction.
主题句：过分专才会导致人们在日常生活和工作中的心理孤立
比喻词：pigeon holes
专业词：psychological displacement
Not only…but also在文中出现多次的句式

Without generalists, society becomes inward-looking
（注重内心精神，不考虑他人） and eventually inefficient. Without a society that recognizes the importance of broad-mindedness
（心胸开阔的）
and fora(foray?fore?还是其他词？) a for sharing generalities, individuals become isolated. Thus, while our form of society necessitates specialists, generalists are equally important. Specialists drive us forward in a series of thrusts while generalists make sure we are still on the jousting
（马上长枪比武，竞争） field and know what the stakes are.
主题句：专才重要，通才也重要
好词：inward-looking，broad-mindedness，jousting

ETS点评：
This outstanding response displays insightful analysis, meticulous development, impressive vocabulary and a mastery of the elements of effective writing.
The writer disagrees with the stated opinions by arguing that specialists and generalists are both vital: specialists prevent us from becoming "bogged down in the Sargasso sea of information overload," while generalists provide help to see "the big picture" and, unlike specialists, protect our "greater good."
The essay is carefully constructed throughout, enabling the reader to move effortlessly from point to point as the writer examines the multi-faceted implications of the issue and provides compelling reasons and examples to support the premise and take the argument to an effective conclusion. Although other "6" responses may not be as eloquent as this essay, they nevertheless all display the test taker's ability to articulate complex ideas effectively and precisely.

momafresh25UID: 2747601

好认真.

erinceUID: 2813370

TS+简单说明+举例+说明例子如何支持你的观点+再次强调观点+铺垫以便引入下文
难道这个就是范文正文的论证结构，的确很严禁

Alex_2009UID: 2616286

做的很好 加油