issues40 研究不用考虑社会意义 难写……

starshaneUID: 2616355

TOPIC: ISSUE40 - "Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society. It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem."
WORDS: 400
TIME: 00:45:00
DATE: 2010/3/28 16:16:43

I doubt the speaker's perception that researchers and scholars should not be concerned with the significance of their work to the whole society. Nor do I think it is appropriate to place the individual interests of scholars and researchers above anything else. I am convinced that researcher's work is meant to contribute to the welfare the human beings, and full awareness of that notion can motivate researchers and scholars to achieve more in their respective fields. Besides, some interests of researchers can be really dangerous and destructive, thus should be discouraged as soon as possible.

拿的是纳税人的钱，有责任改善社会
In the first place, why we ever need scholars and scientist? The ultimate purpose of research is to contribute to the society and improve it in an all round way. In fact, scholars and researchers are more responsible to bring about a better world than other occupations because they are more learned and specifically assigned by the country to that mission. For instance, in the Chinese Academy of Science where researches are sponsored by the nation, more directly, the money of the tax payer, certainly scholars and researchers cannot afford to waste that precious money on researches that only satisfy their own unusual interest rather than on issues that can actually solve existing problems thus contribute to the society at large.


这层有两点：如果科学家明白他们对社会的责任，将责任与个人兴趣相结合，则会产生巨大的动力做出贡献
Second, if scholars and researchers understood their responsibilities, they will be inspired and determined to accomplish their researches which are designed to contribute to the society. Moreover, it is most ideal that researchers can integrate their personal research interest and the welfare of the society. China is the most populated country in the world with high pressure to feed its 1.3 billion people and the Government paid much attention on food security. Many Chinese scientists are concerned with that fact and devoted into relevant researches hoping to help all the hungry people, and one of them finally succeeded. Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice which not only raised the domestic rice productivity but also contributed greatly to the alleviation of world food shortage, is recognized as national hero. Yuan is a perfect example of integrating individual and collective interest and making great contribution.

就算个人兴趣与社会贡献不能相结合，也不能鼓励那些古怪甚至危险的兴趣。
Furthermore, even if individual interests may not coincide with social benefit, at least they should not go against it. Unfortunately, in many cases researcher's unusual or idiosyncratic ideas are of little significance, even deleterious to the society when they are actualized. How does it sound that a scientist tries to find out ways that can deracinate human beings in a few seconds? I am positive that most rational people would oppose that crazy idea. But that was not the reality when Oppenheimer
started to host the atom bomb research, and he succeeded in indirectly murdering hundred thousands of Japanese people. Nowadays, countries pay much emphasis on peace and development, and we cannot allow those dangerous and destructive of researchers that aimed to hinder the peace and development.

最后一段我是想写让步，结果好像还是在继续反驳……
导致这一段显得多余了……其实让步本就不是我的风格……
（Those who support the speaker’s assertion may argue that the unusual or strange interests are sometimes of innovative significance and bring about new knowledge, and I cannot refute that. It is true that some seemingly odd interests are beyond the comprehension of contemporary people but actually of great value. Harvey’s research on human body and blood circulation was regarded as blasphemy to God and very eccentric, but actually his theory contribute to the foundation of modern biology. But it must be pointed out that Harvey’s intention was to study human body and treat disease, and he was very concerned that his research was of great significance to the society. Only those researches which are meant for good can actually make a contribution. ）

In sum, scholars and researchers got paid for what they do so that they should focus their interest on solving problems and making contribution, which in turn could motivate them to accomplish their research and achieve more. Also it is more important for scholars and researchers to bear “the welfare of the society” in mind rather than their individual interests, especially when those interests are obviously dangerous.


看了北美范文，无甚可取……感觉他混乱地定义了几个关键词……
比如搞艺术的算是 scholar 或researcher吗？
让霍金去搞法学研究这个例子更是莫名其妙……


超高频都好难写啊……

plukaUID: 2721764

I doubt the speaker's perception that researchers and scholars should not be concerned with the significance of their work to the whole society. Nor do I think it is appropriate to place the individual interests of scholars and researchers above anything else. I am convinced that researcher's work is meant to contribute to the welfare the human beings, and full awareness of that notion can motivate researchers and scholars to achieve more in their respective fields. Besides, some interests of researchers can be really dangerous and destructive, thus should be discouraged as soon as possible.

拿的是纳税人的钱，有责任改善社会
In the first place, why we ever need scholars and scientist? The ultimate purpose of research is to contribute to the society and improve it in an all round way. In fact, scholars and researchers are more responsible to bring about a better world than other occupations because they are more learned and specifically assigned by the country to that mission.（不一定吧，确实有根据个人兴趣而发起的研究呀！本题不也正是要讨论此种兴趣引发的研究的地位么。说学者被specifically assigned显得太绝对。）（现实方面的考虑，除了选择课题方面，主要是对是否能够获得资助有影响吧！如果学者有兴趣但是投资者没兴趣，他照样可以下决心做，只是没钱，不知道能不能做成罢了= =） For instance, in the Chinese Academy of Science where researches are sponsored by the nation, more directly, the money of（删） the tax payer, certainly scholars and researchers cannot afford to waste that precious money on researches that only satisfy their own unusual interest rather than on issues that can actually solve existing problems thus contribute to the society at large.（观点OK。不过提纲跟文段有点偏差哦，提纲侧重“拿纳税人的钱”，这一点在文段里就仅出现在例子里罢了。个人比较喜欢提纲版本。）

这层有两点：如果科学家明白他们对社会的责任，将责任与个人兴趣相结合，则会产生巨大的动力做出贡献
Second, if scholars and researchers understood their responsibilities, they will be inspired and determined to accomplish their researches which are designed to contribute to the society.（这个designed让人比较纠结。如果说一个研究项目从开始就是为了造福社会而设计的，那么科学家显然就应该把造福社会放在头一位，考虑啥个人兴趣啊，这题也不用讨论了。本题的关键不就是这个选择题“Should research be designed to benefit the society or merely to entertain researchers themselves”么? 作者在这里预先回答了这个选择题（to contribute to the society）作为大前提，然后再来讨论这个题目想再回答一遍……觉得绕进去了）Moreover, it is most ideal that researchers can integrate their personal research interest and the welfare of the society. China is the most populated country in the world with high pressure to feed its 1.3 billion people and the Government paid much attention on food security. Many Chinese scientists are concerned with that fact and devoted into relevant researches hoping to help all the hungry people, and one of them finally succeeded. Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice which not only raised the domestic rice productivity but also contributed greatly to the alleviation of world food shortage, is recognized as national hero. Yuan is a perfect example of integrating individual and collective interest and making great contribution.（例子不错）

就算个人兴趣与社会贡献不能相结合，也不能鼓励那些古怪甚至危险的兴趣。
Furthermore, even if individual interests may not coincide with social benefit, at least they should not go against it. Unfortunately, in many cases researcher's unusual or idiosyncratic ideas are of little significance, even deleterious to the society when they are actualized. How does it sound that a scientist tries to find out ways that can deracinate human beings in a few seconds? I am positive that most rational people would oppose that crazy idea. But that was not the reality when Oppenheimer started to host the atom bomb research, and he succeeded in indirectly murdering hundred thousands of Japanese people（这个例子暗示的是……当初不该允许奥本海默研究原子弹？或许各人意见不同吧，反正俺觉得那时候原子弹的出现是个必然，也是必需。这里的论述……私以为有些抽离历史背景，断章取义= =好吧，个人意见，见仁见智）（此外，从例子服务观点的角度看，如果要论证“要约束科学怪人”，就得指出：1、奥本海默本人是狂热的原子弹支持者，他提出这项研究很大程度是处于personal interests；2、原子弹带来了巨大危害（嗯这个有提到））. Nowadays, countries pay much emphasis on peace and development, and we cannot allow those dangerous and destructive of researchers that aimed to hinder the peace and development.

最后一段我是想写让步，结果好像还是在继续反驳……
导致这一段显得多余了……其实让步本就不是我的风格……
（Those who support the speaker’s assertion may argue that the unusual or strange interests are sometimes of innovative significance and bring about new knowledge, and I cannot refute that. It is true that some seemingly odd interests are beyond the comprehension of contemporary people but actually of great value. Harvey’s research on human body and blood circulation was regarded as blasphemy to God and very eccentric, but actually his theory contribute to the foundation of modern biology. But it must be pointed out that Harvey’s intention was to study human body and treat disease, and he was very concerned that his research was of great significance to the society. Only those researches which are meant for good can actually make a contribution.（对这句不敢苟同。很多研究在开始阶段是出于纯粹的兴趣，而完全没有考虑到（也没有办法考虑到）对社会的贡献的。那些researches meant for good往往是偏重于应用的效果比较能预见的，而不少开创性的研究确实是难以预见其结果的，但最终可能带来更大的benefits（如果你要让步的话，就用这个吧）。这里用上only一词过于绝对。 ）（看出来了，作者的风格是旗帜鲜明，劈山截流均为己用，但私以为eclectic一点也未尝不可，或许会更显包容呢）

In sum, scholars and researchers got paid for what they do so that they should focus their interest on solving problems and making contribution, which in turn could motivate them to accomplish their research and achieve more. Also it is more important for scholars and researchers to bear “the welfare of the society” in mind rather than their individual interests, especially when those interests are obviously dangerous. 
北美这篇没有看过，不做评论= =
从LZ这篇文来看，有个很明显很重要的大前提，即，研究的目的就是serve the society，从而科学家需要考虑社会影响不能任性。B1从责任的角度论述，B2从结果论述，B3反面说任性的坏处，B4让步。整个框架完整。一些纠结之处，大概来自俺个人跟LZ在这个大前提上的分歧。


默了几秒，仍觉得有些不对劲。。。

发现了，原来是段落顺序安排。个人会偏好B1 B3 B2 B4的顺序……1和3放一块突出重点（不能任性），2来构想美好结果，4让步。顺序问题其实很重要。。。很重要！排散了就觉得气不顺。LZ若研究出更能体现自己观点的顺序，也请自由地……

以上~

starshaneUID: 2616355

2# pluka
I doubt the speaker's perception that researchers and scholars should not be concerned with the significance of their work to the whole society. Nor do I think it is appropriate to place the individual interests of scholars and researchers above anything else. I am convinced that researcher's work is meant to contribute to the welfare the human beings, and full awareness of that notion can motivate researchers and scholars to achieve more in their respective fields. Besides, some interests of researchers can be really dangerous and destructive, thus should be discouraged as soon as possible.

科学家有责任改善社会：1，他们较常人更有知识，更有能力，力量越大，责任越大（蜘蛛侠！）
2，很多科学家（注意，是科学家，学者，不是艺术家啊作家什么的，他们中很多人的项目是靠别人资助吃饭的，因此有责任）
In the first place, why we ever need scholars and scientist? The ultimate purpose of research is to contribute to the society and improve it in an all round way. In fact, scholars and researchers are more responsible to bring about a better world than other occupations for two reasons. First, since knowledge is power, they acquired more knowledge than ordinary people thus are more competent to make a contribution. Second, many scholars and researchers are specifically assigned by the country or research institution to missions that can improve the benefit of the society.
For instance, in the Chinese Academy of Science where researches are sponsored by the nation, more directly, the tax payer, certainly scholars and researchers cannot afford to waste that precious money on researches that only satisfy their own unusual interest rather than on issues that can actually solve existing problems and contribute to the society at large.


这层有两点：如果科学家明白他们对社会的责任，将责任与个人兴趣相结合，则会产生巨大的动力做出贡献，而且将会更有可能得到政府的帮助，因此比单靠兴趣更有做出成果

加入了“更有可能得到政府的帮助”一点,好像论证更加复杂了……幸好袁隆平那个例子还够用

Second, if scholars and researchers understood their responsibilities for the people and the society, they will be inspired and determined to accomplish their researches. Opinion taken, 这里我觉得没办法，第一段既然提出大前提了，只能硬着头皮往下写。姑且把这句当作承前启后吧，下一句作TS……Moreover, as we know that personal interests can be potent impetus as well, it is most ideal that researchers can integrate their personal research interest and the welfare of the society so that they can be more persistent. In that case, compared to following their own interests, they are more likely to gain support from the society and succeed. China is the most populated country in the world with high pressure to feed its 1.3 billion people and the Government paid much effort on food security. Many Chinese scientists are concerned with that fact and devoted into relevant government projects hoping to help all the hungry people, and one of them finally succeeded. Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice which not only raised the domestic rice productivity but also contributed greatly to the alleviation of world food shortage, is recognized as national hero. Yuan is a perfect example of integrating individual and collective interest and making great contribution.（例子不错）


就算个人兴趣与社会贡献不能相结合，也不能鼓励那些古怪甚至危险的兴趣。
1,有的研究虽然看起来很符合社会利益，但根本不可能成功，浪费钱，永动机
2，危险的

Furthermore, even if some of researcher's eccentric individual interests are intended to contribute to the society, in some cases those interests are nearly ridiculous or deleterious. For instance, in history quite a few scientists were interested in the invention of perpetual motion machine that can produce endless energy but was obviously against the proven laws in physics, thus was impossible to succeed. Inevitably they failed, and all their efforts and capitals were beating the air. Another example, how does it sound that a scientist tries to find out ways that can deracinate human beings in a few seconds? I am positive that most rational people would oppose that crazy idea. But that was not the reality when Oppenheimer started to host the atom bomb research, and he succeeded in indirectly murdering hundred thousands of Japanese people. A latest example is the research of U-bomb research in Iran which poses a great threat to the world peace. Nowadays, countries pay much emphasis on peace and development, and we cannot allow those dangerous and destructive researches that aimed to hinder the peace and development.

奥本海默的例子我自己也知道是不对的，因为其实背后是美国政府在搞，但我这里只好把错误怪在他头上，将他带领研究团队这件事等同于他有兴趣，事实上他个人是因为主持原子弹而背负了历史骂名，不在乎我多踹一脚……

（Those who support the speaker’s assertion may argue that the unusual or strange interests are sometimes of innovative significance and bring about new knowledge, and I cannot refute that. It is true that some seemingly odd interests are beyond the comprehension of contemporary people but in fact of great value. Harvey’s research on human body and blood circulation was regarded as blasphemy to God and very eccentric, actually his theory contributed to the foundation of modern biology. Still it must be pointed out that Harvey’s intention was to study human body and treat disease, and he was very concerned that his research was of great significance to the society.
哎最后那句话完全是生憋硬造出来为了总结一下这段，结果起反作用了，删掉……

这篇写得绝对，大概因为在这个TOPIC上我有一个前提，就是scholars and researchers 是偏向于scientists那个意思，不同于artists ,writers 他们。而依我在我的专业课上学到的，不管是科学研究还是社会研究，在研究设计中有最重要的原则是“（对社会的）重要性”“独创性”， “个人兴趣”则是摆在后面的，作为一个使研究进行的动力，如此则题目中第一句话科学家“not be concerned (at all)”（不用关心社会意义）说得太绝对了，第二句话“more important”也不对。于是我就绝对了……哪怕我要在让步说”personal interest”也important，我还会接着说社会意义更important，这个让步也没什么意思了……让来让去我还是不让了。

因此我也知道我写一边倒的文章不能满足ETS complexity的要求，较少分析在不同领域中、不同情况下事物的两面性，但像北美范文那样举人文，艺术类的研究，我自己不能很信服，就不敢写了。

In sum, scholars and researchers got paid for what they do so that they should focus their interest on solving problems and making contribution, which in turn could motivate them to accomplish their research and achieve more. Also it is more important for scholars and researchers to bear “the welfare of the society” in mind rather than their individual interests, especially when those interests are not so relevant to the development of human kind.



在顺序上，感觉修改后B3，B4在谈个人兴趣的作用比较多，联系更紧密，还是这样摆吧……

最后感谢你，1，语气都很温和，不patronizing, 2,观点很中肯，3，非常inspiring！你的批注可以启发我如何修改，而不是像有的文章拿别人改后，我的第一反应是反驳……

THX VERY MUCH~~！

plukaUID: 2721764

嗯如果说是以“不管是科学研究还是社会研究，在研究设计中有最重要的原则是“（对社会的）重要性”“独创性”， “个人兴趣”则是摆在后面的”这个为前提，后面的内容是OK的。
科学家有能力所以有责任那段，好像只说到有能力be more competent，责任啥的要不要提一下？读本读硕读PHD消耗多少国家粮食啊，怎么着也要回报下~

看到你的评价俺很高兴哈╮(╯▽╰)╭