Issue103求拍[历史研究与日常生活]

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103 "The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives."
研究历史的价值只体现在这种研究和我们的日常生活相关时。


Outline:
* 观点: 历史研究的价值绝不仅仅体现于日常生活中;
* Everything has a past. 历史研究确实具有"教化, 娱乐"等实际功用, 父母可以用历史人物教育自己的孩子, 企业家可以从古代兵书中学习商战策略, 等等;
* 但这绝对不是历史研究的全部价值所在. 以军事和政治决策为例, 这些特殊事务与民众的日常生活基本没有联系, 但也需要历史研究的成果作为支持(历史相似性);
* 历史在根本上是构成文化的一种要素, 是群体认同的基点. 研究历史的意义在于文化建设, 而不是解决日常生活中的实际问题;
* 结论;

No one can deny that plentiful wealth exists in the past that lies behind us. Historians convey wisdom and knowledge from this mine to public through the study of history. As the accepters, on what standards shall we judge the value of the study of history? In my opinion the standard may vary between fields, and being relevant or adopted in daily life can never be the only criterion. Living as human being is more than the daily activities of surviving, and in certain cultural circumstance history serves more as the fundamental element to compose the culture.

History is the study of human past, which is often identified as the acquirement of knowledge by investigation of past events. Everything has a past, and this sort of knowledge always has its practical usage in our daily lives. For instance, parents use history example to cultivate their children, inspire them with stories of great men and women, and take life paths of the celebrated as the guidance to contrive their future. In commercial business, valuable battle experience and quintessential strategies passed down by the ancient books of strategists are utilized by enterprises to prepare more effective and competitive marketing tactics and strategic conceptions. Today, thousands of business leaders are achieving victory in business competition by benefiting from the famous ancient Chinese books such as "The Art of War" of strategist Sun Tzu and the "Romance of Three Kingdoms". Besides, "history as art and entertainment serve a real purpose", dramatic and skillful writing of rhetoricians on the ground of accuracy usually appeal to the public for the aesthetic and humanistic goals.

However, the aspects mentioned above, from which history study directly relates to our daily lives, does not lay the borders for the value. With examination and analysis of the sequences of events, history study often attempts to investigate the patterns of the cause and result that determine events. This aspect, then, provides an essential way to understand problems of the present and to predict the future. Any time we have to try to answer some important questions in a broader area, for example, why wars has broken out plenty of times in Balkan and Middle East, and what it take to solve these conflicts in the further development. The past causes the present, and so the future. Machiavelli once wrote: "Whoever wishes to foresee the future must consult the past, for human events ever resemble those of preceding times". Leaders of a nation and its military forces have to look for the factors, on which future strategies and policies are based, in concerned study of the complex history in these areas which is hardly relevant to people's daily lives. History study has more significant value in these operations of global level beyond individuals.

In fact, the study of history is so essential in societies that evaluation on it seems somewhat unnecessary. The information about how people and societies behave is merged in history, and only through this can we grasp how societies change and what persist through development of human race. History also provides evidence about how families, groups and whole nations were formed, which help people to establish self-identity as cultural background. American historian Theodore Hamerow once said: "...the importance of history is essentially intrinsic; it lies in the interest in the past which human beings instinctively feel as part of their humanity, and not in its relevance to the problems of particular society or age." Despite some irrelevance to daily activities, history exists as one of the fundamental elements of the culture and society. And the study on it is always valuable.

To sum up, the judgment by relevance of people's daily lives, so to speak, is a conclusion narrowed down by functionalism. As part of the cultural basis, the value of history study intrinsically lies in an overall reflection and insightful thinking of humanity in a global level rather than direct support on daily activities. That means we cannot simply regard it as a practice-oriented field and limit it with inappropriate frameworks.

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No one can deny that plentiful wealth exists in the past that lies behind us. Historians convey wisdom and knowledge from this mine to public through the study of history. As the accepters, on what standards shall we judge the value of the study of history? In my opinion the standard may vary between fields, and being relevant or adopted in daily life can never be the only criterion. Living as human being is more than the daily activities of surviving, and in certain cultural circumstance history serves more as the fundamental element to compose the culture.

History is the study of human past, which is often identified as the acquirement of knowledge by investigation of past events.（TS信息不足，段落观点还没出来） Everything has a past, and this sort of knowledge always has its practical usage in our daily lives. For instance, parents use history example to cultivate their children, inspire them with stories of great men and women, and take life paths of the celebrated as the guidance to contrive their future. In commercial business, valuable battle experience and quintessential strategies passed down by the ancient books of strategists are utilized by enterprises to prepare more effective and competitive marketing tactics and strategic conceptions. Today, thousands of business leaders are achieving victory in business competition by benefiting from the famous ancient Chinese books such as "The Art of War" of strategist Sun Tzu and the "Romance of Three Kingdoms". Besides, "history as art and entertainment serve a real purpose", dramatic and skillful writing of rhetoricians on the ground of accuracy usually appeal to the public for the aesthetic and humanistic goals.（很不错~尤其是中间的论述，避开了常见的举例难的障碍，却又很贴切）

However, the aspects mentioned above, from which history study directly relates to our daily lives, does not lay the borders for the value.（俺看到这句就会想问：那是什么lay the borders呢？需回答否？或可用于引出中心观点） With examination and analysis of the sequences of events, history study often attempts to investigate the patterns of the cause and result that determine events. This aspect, then, provides an essential way to understand problems of the present and to predict the future. Any time （Oftentimes。any time不是“无论何时”咩，这样说好像句子未完）we have to try to answer some important questions in a broader area, for example, why wars has broken out plenty of times in Balkan and Middle East, and what it take to solve these conflicts in the further development.（举例未完？观点是历史帮忙了解现在预测未来。例子是“我们常需要综合考量，比如对巴尔干与中东”，显然例子里面没有提到历史的角色。） The past causes the present, and so the future. （这句是表示说理开始，还是继续发展例子？若是后者，则与上文的联系不紧。若是前者，则如前述，私以为例子还不够）Machiavelli once wrote: "Whoever wishes to foresee the future must consult the past, for human events ever resemble those of preceding times". Leaders of a nation and its military forces have to look for the factors, on which future strategies and policies are based, in concerned study of the complex history in these areas which is hardly relevant to people's daily lives. History study has more significant value in these operations of global level beyond individuals.（后文观点明确，是否考虑修改一下TS把最后这句的意思包括进去）

In fact, the study of history is so essential in societies that evaluation on it seems somewhat unnecessary.（费解。很重要所以不需要评价了？= = 有点奇怪，从后文也看不出什么“不需评价”的意思。建议直接上观点，别绕） The information about how people and societies behave is merged in history, and only through this can we grasp how societies change and what persist through development of human race. History also provides evidence about how families, groups and whole nations were formed, which help people to establish self-identity as cultural background（表述不妥。作为文化背景的认同感？背景不等于认同吧）. American historian Theodore Hamerow once said: "...the importance of history is essentially intrinsic; it lies in the interest in the past which human beings instinctively feel as part of their humanity, and not in its relevance to the problems of particular society or age." Despite some irrelevance to daily activities, history exists as one of the fundamental elements of the culture and society. And the study on it is always valuable.（话说，两段都用名人名言，是否会显论证有些单一？个人更希望能看到细节生动，而非纯抽象说理的论证）

To sum up, the judgment by relevance of people's daily lives, so to speak, is a conclusion narrowed down by functionalism. As part of the cultural basis, the value of history study intrinsically lies in an overall reflection and insightful thinking of humanity in a global level rather than direct support on daily activities. That means we cannot simply regard it as a practice-oriented field and limit it with inappropriate frameworks.

这篇写得很好呀~语言很流畅，叙述清楚，例子和名言也很不错。提了些许建议，供参考。

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