Definitely, a victory 小组第4次作业 Issue153 By 6号KM骰子

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153 - "Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."

开头：同意，质疑精神再怎么强调也不过分。
As the knowledge accumulation is a process which consists of continuous idea-putting forward, suspecting, converting, establishing and then putting forward new conceptions, keeping skeptical is a crucial step, without which our system of knowledge would remain in superficial, inaccurate or even fallacious level. As far as I am concerned, one can never emphasis too much on importance of certain skepticism.

论点一：知识系统是不完整的，也会有缺陷。而且是随发展而不断变化的。没有执意，就没有进步。
Any field of study must have some flaws and is somewhat incomplete, while to err is human, due to the limit of the ken of predecessors and teachers, they might have made some mistakes. Without skepticism but only passively accepting whatever one studies is unwise. What is more, society never stop developing and progressing, some knowledge and theories we think as truth ever might be proved wrong at last, so it need us bring a certain skepticism to what we study. Without the suspicion of the Ptolemaic system of astronomy, how could Copernicus establish the heliocentric conjecture? Without querying Newton’s classic mechanics, how could Einstein put forward the Theory of Relativity?

论点二：对学生而言，质疑精神意味着：1.创新；2.深入思考。因此是学生必要的品质。
For students, especially, who are devolved into absorbing knowledge, is aimed to be educated in order to discover and create new knowledge. Skepticism is the starting point for creation. Without creation, just by transmitting past knowledge from one generation to another, our society would stay still. Also, skepticism is based on understanding of matters, which requires deeper thinking of the problem. Some people may argue that some knowledge is obviously correct, so that keeping skeptical on everything is a waste of time by taking unnecessary pains to study an insignificant or insoluble problem. I concede that one who lives in modern world is meaningless to suspect “the earth is round” for that he can convert nothing. However, by suspecting the fact he may think about why earth is round and what phenomenon are caused by round earth, which would obviously benefits for him to acquire more knowledge and closer to the essence of matter than others who passively accept the truth.

论点三：我们的社会存在一些因素阻挠质疑精神。因此教育中强调质疑精神的必要性就显得更加重要。
因素1：知识体系的庞大要求学生吸收很多知识，以至于没有时间深入思考和质疑；有的时候，学校的应试教育，学生更加不可能质疑。
因素2：服从权威和相信历史是人类的本性，很难改。而强调质疑精神就成了唯一路径。
However, the present situation is limiting the skepticism in some degree. For the huge system of knowledge, educators wish students to accept knowledge quickly, not mention keeping skeptical, students even have little time to think profoundly sometimes. And even in some extreme cases, under the pressure of examination, students study just for aiming to get a high score, they just passively remember what has been said in text books and by their teachers, and practice exercises again and again, which had been strayed far away from the basic purpose of education.

Another limitation of skepticism I want to state here is the model of thinking and behavior habit which are formed in a long time. One can hardly challenge what his/her descendents had believed for hundreds of years. It needs boundless courage and wisdom. That is why the advance of knowledge once had been stepped on the ladders which were made of blood and bones. Although there is no violence for skepticism in modern world, people still reject suspicion consciously or unconsciously. It is almost impossible to change the human being’s instinct of believing of authority and so called “truth” for it is the inertia of the history. Under such circumstance, emphasizing the importance of skepticism in education is the only way to lead people out of the habit.

结尾：总结
In sum, as the skepticism is crucial for knowledge formation and is the start point of profound and critical thinking, and is an indispensable quality of students, it is worth to be emphasized. What is more, as various objective limitations of development of skeptical spirit existed in modern world and education system, it is more necessary and urgent to underline the skepticism.

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As the knowledge accumulation is a process which consists of continuous idea-putting forward, suspecting, converting, establishing and then putting forward new conceptions, keeping skeptical is a crucial step, without which our system of knowledge would remain in superficial, inaccurate or even fallacious level. As far as I am concerned, one can( it is ) never emphasis too much on importance of certain skepticism.
Any field of study must (“certainty”) have some flaws and is somewhat incomplete, while to err is human (人非圣贤孰能无过), due to the limit of the ken of predecessors and teachers, (then) they might have made some mistakes. （感觉这两句意思重复了，插入语删去可能好些）Without skepticism but only passively accepting whatever one studies is unwise. What is more, society never stop developing and progressing, some knowledge and theories we think as truth ever might be proved wrong at last, so it need us bring a certain skepticism to what we study. Without the suspicion of the Ptolemaic system of astronomy, how could Copernicus establish the heliocentric conjecture? Without querying Newton’s classic mechanics, how could Einstein put forward the Theory of Relativity?


For students, especially, who are devolved into absorbing knowledge, is aimed to be educated in order to discover and create new knowledge. Skepticism is the starting point for creation. Without creation, just by transmitting past knowledge from one generation to another, our society would stay still. Also, skepticism is based on understanding of matters, which requires deeper thinking of the problem. Some people may argue that some knowledge is obviously correct, so that keeping skeptical on everything is a waste of time by taking unnecessary pains to study an insignificant or insoluble problem.(另起一句为好，感觉前后联系不太紧密) I concede that one who lives in modern world is meaningless to suspect “the earth is round” for that he can convert nothing. However, by suspecting the fact he may think about why earth is round and what phenomenon are caused by round earth, which would obviously benefits for him to acquire more knowledge and closer to the essence of matter than others who passively accept the truth.（本段感觉开头部分有点乱。红线之后的挺好的）


However, the present situation is limiting the skepticism in some degree. For the huge system of knowledge, educators wish students to accept knowledge quickly, not mention keeping skeptical, students even have little time to think profoundly sometimes. And even in some extreme cases, under the pressure of examination, students study just for aiming to get a high score, they just passively remember what has been said in text books and by their teachers, and practice exercises again and again, which had been strayed far away from the basic purpose of education.
Another limitation of skepticism I want to state here is the model of thinking and behavior habit which are formed in a long time. One can hardly challenge what his/her descendents had believed for hundreds of years. It needs boundless courage and wisdom. That is why the advance of knowledge once had been stepped on the ladders which were made of blood and bones. Although there is no violence for skepticism in modern world, people still reject suspicion consciously or unconsciously. It is almost impossible to change the human being’s instinct of believing of authority and so called “truth” for it is the inertia of the history. Under such circumstance, emphasizing the importance of skepticism in education is the only way to lead people out of the habit.
In sum, as the skepticism is crucial for knowledge formation and is the start point of profound and critical thinking, and is an indispensable quality of students, it is worth to be emphasized. What is more, as various objective limitations of development of skeptical spirit existed in modern world and education system, it is more necessary and urgent to underline the skepticism.
（感觉文章顺序要重新排一下，环境阻碍怀疑与第三段互换较好。论点不错，总结部分挺好的。）
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