托福OG题 阅读 问一个 真的很纠结 想了好久···

szmanutdUID: 2727152

先说说我的状况吧，我是这几天才开始做黄金阅读里面的题的，前阵子一直在做红色delta，感觉阅读不难，一般不怎么错，错也是粗心。听力会错的多点，但是感觉问题不大，可以补上来，通过多听。（我是八月底T）6G刚考完。
昨天开始做的黄金阅读，也就是一部分OG的阅读题，昨天还是全对的， 今天做就开始发现很有问题了。今天做了两篇，都是错五个每篇。感觉很明显是出题套路不一样，总选到迷惑选项上去。真的很纠结。OG的阅读出题方向比红DELTA难多了，对吧？比如最后题总结题，红色delta甚至不用看原文就可以选对，本着绝对不选细节的原则，但是ＯＧ不行。

＼Paragraph 2: The Biological Approach. Numerous biological structures and chemicals
appear to be involved in aggression. One is the hypothalamus, a region of the brain. In
response to certain stimuli, many animals show instinctive aggressive reactions. The
hypothalamus appears to be involved in this inborn reaction pattern: electrical stimulation of
part of the hypothalamus triggers stereotypical aggressive behaviors in many animals. In
people, however, whose brains are more complex, other brain structures apparently moderate
possible instincts.
1. According to paragraph 2, what evidence indicates that aggression in animals is related
to the hypothalamus?
○Some aggressive animal species have a highly developed hypothalamus.
○Artificial stimulation of the hypothalamus results in aggression in animals.
○Animals behaving aggressively show increased activity in the hypothalamus.
○Animals who lack a hypothalamus display few aggressive tendencies.

这题答案是Ｃ，我选的Ｂ，我怎么也搞不清楚了。This is a Factual Information question asking for specific information that can be found
in paragraph 2. The correct answer is choice 3. The question asks specifically for
"evidence that indicates that aggression in animals is related to the hypothalamus."
Answer choices 1 and 2 are contradicted by the paragraph. Choice 2 is incorrect because,
while the paragraph states that "electrical stimulation" triggers aggressive behavior in
many animals, this is not "evidence" in itself, but merely support for the more general
statement in choice 3 that increased hypothalmusic activity, in general, is related to
aggression.　答案的解释，这个是。



Paragraph 5: The Psychodynamic Approach. Theorists adopting the psychodynamic
approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understanding human behavior, including
aggression. Sigmund Freud, for example, believed that aggressive impulses are inevitable
reactions to the frustrations of daily life. Children normally desire to vent aggressive impulses
on other people, including their parents, because even the most attentive parents cannot
gratify all of their demands immediately. Yet children, also fearing their parents' punishment
and the loss of parental love, come to repress most aggressive impulses. The Freudian
perspective, in a sense: sees us as "steam engines." By holding in rather than venting "steam,"
we set the stage for future explosions. Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. They may
be expressed toward parents in indirect ways such as destroying furniture, or they may be
expressed toward strangers later in life.

7. Freud describes people as steam engines in order to make the point that people
○Deliberately build up their aggression to make themselves stronger
○Usually release aggression in explosive ways
○Must vent their aggression to prevent it from building up
○Typically lose their aggression if they do not express it
这个题答案是Ｃ　我选的是B  By holding in rather than venting "steam,"
we set the stage for future explosions. Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets 这个是原文里面的答案所在处，我就纠结了，是用we set 那句做答案呢？还是Pent-up做答案？

ilovesoupUID: 2425505

第一个是满纠结的。。我也没明白。。
第二个的话，
By holding in rather than venting "steam," we set the stage for future explosions. Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. They may be expressed toward parents in indirect ways such as destroying furniture, or they may be
expressed toward strangers later in life.
红色和蓝色部分其实没有直接关系，也不是蓝色解释红色。后面一半说的只是发泄压力的一些方式和表现。
Usually release in explosive way在文章里并没有提示，尤其是说usually。如果换成may release就可以选了吧。
然后这个steam engine的比喻和Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets.就是在说，人们的压力需要释放。所以是c咯。。

szmanutdUID: 2727152

2# ilovesoup


They may
be expressed toward parents in indirect ways such as destroying furniture, or they may be
expressed toward strangers later in life.
但是你看 这个是最后一句 这个可以说明的确是有B选项的倾向啊 说明暴力

ilovesoupUID: 2425505

这些是venting的具体表现，不是explosions..
弗洛伊德学者的观点更多是和前面的部分有关系，就是小孩子倾向于压抑这种冲动，因为害怕惩罚。然后弗洛伊德学者认为，人是蒸汽机，需要释放能量否则会爆发。然后说，接着说释放能量的问题，就是Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. 它主要说的就是，能量要释放。不是能量会爆发。

ilovesoupUID: 2425505

lz也帮我看看我的纠结好么。。

https://bbs.gter.net/thread-1118822-1-1.html

szmanutdUID: 2727152

2# ilovesoup

以上内容为OG给出的解释，但本人认为此题无正确选项。因为C选项中的increased activity为原文未提及内容，因此C项不正确。

B选项中artificial错误，因为我们不能从原文当中的电刺激海马体导致动物侵略性推出人工的刺激海马体能导致动物侵略性，这个是一个以偏盖全的结论，因此建议将B选项中的artificial改为electrical，则B选项为正确选项。

我翻到了新的解释了 ~

hyacinthUID: 2184492

first one is a very controversial question...

if i were you, i'll let it go...

松鼠squirrelUID: 2844581

4# ilovesoup
最后举的例子，毁坏家具什么的，到底算发泄还是爆发啊？
文中也没给出区别，而答案3用的“Must”在文中也没表达这个意思，所以我就倾向于选2了。
还请再解释一下！

20080197UID: 2765037

暴力：我手里的是第三版的OG，题目和lz不一样
b：Electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus delays animals' inborn reaction paterns.
[要是lz版本的话，就是“artificial”错了，因为原文根本没有]

蒸汽机：这道题属于目的题，所以lz不应从原文细节着手。如果例子的目的是暴力释放的话，f应该说像火药桶一类的，说像蒸汽机：蒸汽部署到-积累-爆炸（即后文所说），后文也在讲如何疏导的问题
【ps：事实上，我们并不是经常用explosive的方式表达不满吧，我们又不是婴儿】

jiaying52UID: 2277490

暴力：我手里的是第三版的OG，题目和lz不一样
b：Electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus delays animals' inborn reaction paterns.
[要是lz版本的话，就是“artificial”错了，因为原文根本没有]

蒸汽机 ...
20080197 发表于 2010-8-26 18:39

还是有问题：
貌似只能说明b是错的，但是文章里面说用电刺激部门hyphthalamus引起许多动物的进攻性并没有说动物的攻击性与hypothalamus的活动性提高的关系啊？

第二题，我选的和版主一样的
文章后半部分说如果抑制的情绪需要宣泄，可能以间接的方法表现与和父母的行为中比如说...是不是B就错在usually和may啊？这两个词是频率上的区别，是相比其他答案，貌似也说的通啊？
但是 C哪里对了呢，文章说by holding in rather than venting "stream",we set stage for future explosions. 根本没有说到必须要预防它发生，而是说抑制可能会是后来爆发啊？

我也纠结，请大家指导下