issue184

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1010G欢迎拍文作文修改小组 7月12日作业

TOPIC: ISSUE184 - "It is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data."
WORDS: 517
TIME: 00:45:00
DATE: 2010-7-12 9:22:32

Ecologist R. MacArthur once said: do not believe a theory without data support. Indeed, without data, a theory is not convincing, but to say it is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data is too absolute. Many cases have proved the necessary of formation theory first.

Admittedly, some theories which theorize before data are wrong. Take Aristotle as an instance. In his life Aristotle has studied many realms, almost all disciplines at that time he knows. Due to lacking of data, many of his theories are stay in theoretical stage, seldom be put into practice. As a result, many theories especially theories in mechanics and dynamics, and these errors to some extent hindered the development of science. But I should say that the behavior of Aristotle - to set up theory first is not a grave mistake as the speaker says. This mistake is just a necessary step in the development of the human nature. To image, if it is not Aristotle and other pioneers who put forward theories bravely, how we get so many different subjects and study step by step to infinitely close to the truth?

Also, many great theories do not have data to support when they are set up. Adam Smith, who is cited as the father of modern economics, in his economic writing "The Wealth of Nations", there is no data to sustain his theory. Many of discussions in this book are based on experience of the writer. But this does not affect the acceptance of this book among people, Smith's famous theory "invisible hand" was widely spread and many new theories put forward under the framework of this theory. After mathematical models are introduced in economic studies, modern economics can use data to test Smith's theories. So, it is no matter getting data first or get theory first, the most important thing is theories must sustain the test of objective data.

Sometimes even with the support of data, theory is wrong. When we want to verify a theory by experiments, all the experimental steps and methods are deliberately designed by us, so that experiments are lack of objectivity and the data used in experiments are subjective. Another reason why data cannot truly reflect the correctness of a theory is some data exist only in the experimental environment, in real world it do not exist. Before Einstein establish the theory of relativity, Newton's classical mechanics theory is considered completely correct. In fact, Newton’s theory, the state of uniform linear motion dose not exist in the real world, as a result, his theory cannot be well test by data.

Perhaps, whether have data or not before the formation of theories is not a judge criterion to test a theory is correct or not. The truly judgment to test this is the data which several years after the theory’s formation. With the development of technology, the method to gather data is advanced, we can get more accurate data to test theories. Can be said that the objective collected data is always the truth, but the theory is always only the "relative truth".

Ocean~SprayUID: 2847693

Ecologist R. MacArthur once said: do not believe a theory without data support. Indeed, without data, a theory is not convincing, but to say(过于口语化，可以用conclude, assert) it is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data is too absolute. Many cases have proved the necessary（n: necessity.）of formation theory first.

Admittedly, some theories which theorize before data are wrong. Take Aristotle as an instance. In his life Aristotle has studied （in）many realms, almost all disciplines at that time he knows（and he knows XXX。主谓放句尾是按照汉语的习惯了）. Due to lacking of (lack做动词直接lack sth，或是名词 a lack of sth，形容词 be lacking in)data, many of his theories are stay（stay前的are去掉） in theoretical stage, seldom（seldom是副词，需要加一个连词连接逗号后面的句子） be put into practice. As a result, many theories especially theories in mechanics and dynamics, and these errors to some extent hindered the development of science. But I should say （一是前面用过了，二还是非常口语化。可以用propose等替换）that the behavior of Aristotle - to set up theory first is not a grave mistake as the speaker says. This mistake is just a necessary step in the development of the human nature. To image（imagine 祈使句）, if it is not Aristotle and other pioneers who put forward theories bravely, how we get so many different subjects and study step by step to infinitely close to the truth?

Also, many great theories do not have data to support when they are set up. Adam Smith, who is cited as the father of modern economics, in his economic writing "The Wealth of Nations", there is no data to sustain his theory.（主语是亚当斯密，忘记了谓语，而且后面句式杂糅了）
Many of （去掉of）discussions in this book are based on experience of the writer. But this does not affect the acceptance of this book among people, （加上连词，或者前面的逗号改句号。一个完整的句子里只能有一个主语一个谓语，再用的话就要变成从句了。写得匆忙，忽略了吧）Smith's famous theory "invisible hand" was widely spread and many new theories （were）put forward under the framework of this theory. After mathematical models are introduced in economic studies, modern economics can use data to test Smith's theories. So, it is no matter getting data first or get theory first, the most important thing is theories must sustain the test of objective data.

Sometimes even with the support of data, theory is wrong. When we want to verify a theory by experiments, all the experimental steps and methods are deliberately designed by us, so that experiments are lack of objectivity and the data used in experiments are subjective. Another reason why data cannot truly reflect the correctness of a theory is some data exist only in the experimental environment, in real world it do not exist. Before Einstein establish the theory of relativity, Newton's classical mechanics theory is considered completely correct. In fact, Newton’s theory, the state of uniform linear motion dose not exist in the real world, as a result, his theory cannot be well test by data.

Perhaps, whether have data or not before the formation of theories is not a judge criterion to test a theory is correct or not. The truly judgment to test this is the data which several years after the theory’s formation. With the development of technology, the method to gather data is advanced, we can get more accurate data to test theories. Can be said（we can say） that the objective collected data is always the truth, but the theory is always only the "relative truth".

思路很开阔，思维也很清晰。第三个论点写得不错。
要注意下句子的锤炼～共同进步～～

alickenUID: 2845947

修改后的

Ecologist R. MacArthur once said: do not believe a theory without data support. Indeed, without data, a theory is not convincing, but to conclude it is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data is too absolute. Many cases have proved the necessity of formation theory first.

Admittedly, some theories which theorize before data are wrong. Take Aristotle as an instance. In his life Aristotle has studied in many realms, he knows almost all disciplines at that time. Due to lacking data, many of his theories stay in theoretical stage, few of them be put into practice. As a result, many theories especially theories in mechanics and dynamics, and these errors to some extent hindered the development of science. But I deem that the behavior of Aristotle - to set up theory first is not a grave mistake as the speaker says. This mistake is just a necessary step in the development of the human nature. Image, if it is not Aristotle and other pioneers who put forward theories bravely, how we get so many different subjects and study step by step to infinitely close to the truth?

Also, many great theories do not have data to support when they are set up. Adam Smith is cited as the father of modern economics, and in his economic writing "The Wealth of Nations", in which there is no data to sustain his theory. Many discussions in this book are based on experience of the writer. But this does not affect the acceptance of this book among people. Smith's famous theory "invisible hand" was widely spread and many new theories were put forward under the framework of this theory. After mathematical models are introduced in economic studies, modern economics can use data to test Smith's theories. So, it is no matter getting data first or get theory first, the most important thing is theories must sustain the test of objective data.

Sometimes even with the support of data, theory is wrong. When we want to verify a theory by experiments, all the experimental steps and methods are deliberately designed by us, so that experiments are lack of objectivity and the data used in experiments are subjective. Another reason why data cannot truly reflect the correctness of a theory is some data exist only in the experimental environment, in real world it do not exist. Before Einstein establish the theory of relativity, Newton's classical mechanics theory is considered completely correct. In fact, Newton’s theory, the state of uniform linear motion dose not exist in the real world, as a result, his theory cannot be well test by data.

Perhaps, whether have data or not before the formation of theories is not a judge criterion to test a theory is correct or not. The truly judgment to test this is the data which several years after the theory’s formation. With the development of technology, the method to gather data is advanced, we can get more accurate data to test theories. It is said that the objective collected data is always the truth, but the theory is always only the "relative truth".

JonathanmmUID: 2738719

写得好，这就是有思维的文章的典范，和ETS给出的6分范文有的一拼。

论点：6
论据：6
论证：6
语言：5

总计：5.75＝6

alickenUID: 2845947

4# Jonathanmm

谢谢评价

我觉得我语言相当烂，最多3分。观点也不是自己的，是综合网上的。
看了你的评价，这篇文章是非重写不可了，因为离ETS范文越近，离雷同也就不远了。

同学可以留下链接，我有空回拍。