Issue43【六人行小组7.30】by xyjprc

xyjprcUID: 2412778

首先感谢和我互改作文的同学~:handshake
其次我想说。。。这篇文章真难写啊！什么是伦理道德？我不清楚，真的不清楚。。。所以，即使写了这么长时间，也很难写好。
由于没限时，一边思考一边写，好像写得太多了，下次我会注意的。。。不好意思。。。这次还是麻烦你帮我改一下吧~谢谢啦~
嗯，主要看论证逻辑和结构吧，还有对伦理道德的看法是不是有偏差，因为我对它实在没有清晰的概念。

TOPIC: ISSUE43 - "To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."
WORDS: 726
TIME: 02:00:00
DATE: 8/1/2010 10:58:06 AM

Public officials, who have the authority to make decisions on public affairs, have direct impact on us citizens and are demanded to be effective. Thus the question arises: what are the qualities required to be an effective leader? As far as I am concerned, although a public official may not have to maintain the highest ethical and moral standards all the time, ethics and morality are indispensable to being an effective leader.

Ethics and morality could help tell right from wrong and enhance decisiveness of leaders, thus raising their effectiveness. Ethics denotes the theory of right action and the greater good, while morals indicate their practice. Particularly when facing dilemma, an effective leader with high ethical and moral standards could calmly and resolutely make the right decision which is beneficiary to the most. Take the Great Flood of 1654 in China as an example. In the most crucial time, the water level of the Yangtzi River was too high that the officials must decide whether to blow up the dam in Jinzhou or not. If no action were taken, the metropolis Wuchang with millions of people would very possibly be flushed; if blow up the dam in Jinzhou to save Wuhan, more than 40,000 people would be killed immediately. Without precedent in history, no one had the idea and they turned to Emperor Qianlong, the leader with high ethical and moral standards at that time. After weighting the advantages and disadvantages, Emperor Qianlong decisively made the order to blow up the dam and saved the metropolis Wuchang. Emperor Qianlong made the right decision for the majority of his people, which met the requirement of ethics and morality, and could reasonably be respected as an effective leader.

Ethics and morality are indispensable for all leaders. Any public official with poor ethical and moral standards would only focus on short-term benefits for small groups of people, and neglects the interest of the majority. Consequently his effectiveness as a leader declines, and as dissatisfaction of his people arises, he could not stay long in his position. The notorious Watergate, designation of a major United States political scandal that began with the burglary and wiretapping of the Democratic Party's campaign headquarters, later engulfed President Richard M. Nixon and many of his supporters in a variety of illegal acts, and culminated in the first resignation of a U.S. president. Nixon's deeds of poor ethical and moral standards loses his credibility of his people that no one would believe him as an effective leader that concerns long-term interest for the majority but merely a politician that wasted time engaging in espionage. Those leaders without the basic ethics and morality are deed to fail.

However, maintaining the highest ethical and moral standards is unnecessary and sometimes impossible for public officials. Ethics and morality stand for justice, but the responsibility of public officials is to ensure the interest of most people. These two aspects could sometimes conflict, and in reality the most effective way is to find a balance between these two. Assume that a bomb was planted somewhere in the New York City and a public official has just received a threatening call from the terrorist. To ensure the safety of all citizens, as the highest ethical and moral standards require, the government should inform its citizens of the bomb and arrange vast evacuation. However, this could arouse panic among citizens and the matter could become out of control. Moreover, the government is almost sure to receive threatening phones of bombs alike, and evacuation of lots of people every time is undoubtedly impossible. What the government would most probably do is to negotiate with the terrorist while send the EOD experts to diffuse the bomb. Although they risk the safety of their citizens and have not maintained the highest ethical and moral standards, they effectively keep the stability of the society which is the long-term interest of the majority of people, and that is the responsibility of public officials.

In a conclusion, keeping high ethical and moral standards is not only indispensable but also necessary for public officials to being effective in their leadership, while maintaining the highest ethical and moral standards is unnecessary and sometimes impossible. For public officials, a reasonable balance between ethics, morality and their responsibility could help them be effective and do good deeds for the majority of people.

killthegUID: 2862114

Public officials, who have the authority to make decisions on public affairs, have direct impact on us citizens and are demanded to be effective. Thus the question arises: what are the qualities required to be an effective leader? As far as I am concerned, although a public official may not have to maintain the highest ethical and moral standards all the time, ethics and morality are indispensable to being an effective leader. 【提出观点：领导不必一直保持最高道德，但是一个杰出的领导者需要伦理道德标准】

Ethics and morality could help tell right from wrong and enhance decisiveness of leaders, thus raising their effectiveness. Ethics denotes the theory of right action and the greater good, while morals indicate their practice. Particularly when facing dilemma, an effective leader with high ethical and moral standards could calmly and resolutely make the right decision which is beneficiary to the most. Take the Great Flood of 1654 in China as an example. In the most crucial time, the water level of the Yangtzi River was too high that the officials must decide whether to blow up the dam in Jinzhou or not. If no action were taken, the metropolis Wuchang with millions of people would very possibly be flushed; if blow up the dam in Jinzhou to save Wuhan, more than 40,000 people would be killed immediately. Without precedent in history, no one had the idea and they turned to Emperor Qianlong, the leader with high ethical and moral standards at that time. After weighting the advantages and disadvantages, Emperor Qianlong decisively made the order to blow up the dam and saved the metropolis Wuchang. Emperor Qianlong made the right decision for the majority of his people, which met the requirement of ethics and morality, and could reasonably be respected as an effective leader. 【首先不得不说这个例子好新颖，但感觉乾隆的决定与他的道德关系不大，因为可能那是唯一的选择，4万与百万，任何领导可能都会选择保留大多数，决定的快慢只是显示了他的冷静，而且感觉论述部分有点多了，不过在找例子方面真的很用心】

Ethics and morality are indispensable for all leaders. Any public official with poor ethical and moral standards would only focus on short-term benefits for small groups of people, and neglects the interest of the majority. Consequently his effectiveness as a leader declines, and as dissatisfaction of his people arises, he could not stay long in his position. The notorious Watergate, designation of a major United States political scandal that began with the burglary and wiretapping of the Democratic Party's campaign headquarters, later engulfed President Richard M. Nixon and many of his supporters in a variety of illegal acts, and culminated in the first resignation of a U.S. president. Nixon's deeds of poor ethical and moral standards loses his credibility of his people that no one would believe him as an effective leader that concerns long-term interest for the majority but merely a politician that wasted time engaging in espionage. Those leaders without the basic ethics and morality are deed to fail.【以水门事件来说明缺乏道德的领导不足以成为杰出领导者，还蛮有说服力】

However, maintaining the highest ethical and moral standards is unnecessary and sometimes impossible for public officials. Ethics and morality stand for justice, but the responsibility of public officials is to ensure the interest of most people. These two aspects could sometimes conflict, and in reality the most effective way is to find a balance between these two. Assume that a bomb was planted somewhere in the New York City and a public official has just received a threatening call from the terrorist. To ensure the safety of all citizens, as the highest ethical and moral standards require, the government should inform its citizens of the bomb and arrange vast evacuation. However, this could arouse panic among citizens and the matter could become out of control. Moreover, the government is almost sure to receive threatening phones of bombs alike, and evacuation of lots of people every time is undoubtedly impossible. What the government would most probably do is to negotiate with the terrorist while send the EOD experts to diffuse the bomb. Although they risk the safety of their citizens and have not maintained the highest ethical and moral standards, they effectively keep the stability of the society which is the long-term interest of the majority of people, and that is the responsibility of public officials.【本段论点：有时领导为了大众利益不必保持最高道德标准：以假设纽约领导如何处理炸弹恐怖威胁为例，你的理解是最高道德标准即是告知每个人，而非道德而且正确的做法即是为了社会稳定不顾大众安危秘密进行处理，个人感觉这例子很难论证明白，因为领导做法的对与错，并不取决于道德高低啊，可能取决于经验，或者说理智，哇，，好难说明白，很糊涂】

In a conclusion, keeping high ethical and moral standards is not only indispensable but also necessary for public officials to being effective in their leadership, while maintaining the highest ethical and moral standards is unnecessary and sometimes impossible. For public officials, a reasonable balance between ethics, morality and their responsibility could help them be effective and do good deeds for the majority of people.【还是感觉例子部分纯叙述太多】