【TPO阅读作业】】【新人】——纯白色浪漫

纯白色浪漫UID：2906126

作业贴

9月14日   阅读作业：TPO1  用时：60min

文章GROUNDWATER

做错题目

4 According to paragraph 2, where is groundwater usually found?

   Inside pieces of sand and gravel错误答案
   
   In spaces between pieces of sediment正确答案

   
14 Much of the ground is actually saturated with water.

  Groundwater often remains underground for a long time before it emerges again错误答案

The size of a saturated rock’s pores determines how much water it will retain when the rock is put in a dry place. 正确答案

文章 THE ORIGINS OF THEATER

4  According to paragraph 1, why did some societies develop and repeat ceremonial actions?

   To help society members better understand the forces controlling their food supply错误答案

   To increase the society’s prosperity正确答案

文章 TIMBERLINE VEGETATION ON MOUNTAINS

3  Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about both the upper and lower timberlines?   

    Both are treeless zones错误答案
   
    Both mark forest boundaries正确答案

12 Paragraph 5：Above the tree line there is a zone that is generally called alpine tundra.
█Immediately adjacent to the timberline, the tundra consists of a fairly complete cover of
low-lying shrubs, herbs, and grasses, while higher up the number and diversity of species decrease
until there is much bare ground with occasional mosses and lichens and some prostrate cushion
plants.█ Some plants can even survive in favorable microhabitats above the snow line. The
highest plants in the world occur at around 6,100 meters on Makalu in the Himalayas.█ At this
great height, rocks, warmed by the sun, melt small snowdrifts.█


Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to
the passage.
This explains how, for example, alpine cushion plants have been found growing
at an altitude of 6,180 meters.
Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.

错误插在2位置上，正确应该在4位置上

wuqian0801UID：2637709

作业贴

9月14日   阅读作业：TPO1  用时：60min

文章GROUNDWATER

做错题目

4 According to paragraph 2, where is groundwater usually found?

   Inside pieces of sand and gravel错误答案
   
...
纯白色浪漫 发表于 2010-9-15 11:13

写上错因 再写上如何纠正你的错误 比这么罗列出来好些——
(仅供参考)
坚持。

纯白色浪漫UID：2906126

易错题更正

第一篇GROUNDWATER
The necessary space is there, however, in many forms. The commonest spaces are those among the particles—sand grains and tiny pebbles—of loose, unconsolidated sand and gravel. Beds of this material, out of sight beneath the soil, are common. They are found wherever fast rivers carrying loads of coarse sediment once flowed. For example, as the great ice sheets that covered North America during the last ice age steadily melted away, huge volumes of water flowed from them. The water was always laden with pebbles, gravel, and sand, known as glacial outwash, that was deposited as the flow slowed down.
4. According to paragraph 2, where is groundwater usually found?
○Inside pieces of sand and gravel
○On top of beds of rock
○In fast rivers that are flowing beneath the soil
○In spaces between pieces of sediment
我觉得是对红字部分的理解问题，groundwater是在space中发现的，而space存在于piece of sand and gravel, 答案一指的是在sand 和gravel 的碎片里，但答案四指的是在sand and gravel 之间的空间里，这道题迷惑性很大。我查了一下科林斯高级字典，发现对sediment的解释很贴切，sediment is solid material that settles at the bottom of a liquid, especially earth and pieces of rock that have been carried along and then left somewhere by water, ice and wind.


Much of the ground is actually saturated with water.
●
●
●
Answer choices
○Sediments that hold water were spread by glaciers and are still spread by rivers and streams.
○Water is stored underground in beds of loose sand and gravel or in cemented sediment.
○The size of a saturated rock’s pores determines how much water it will retain when the rock is put in a dry place.
第一点讲的是可以储水的沉积物传播的方式，是对文章2,3段的总结
第二点讲的是水可以被沉积物储存的两种方式，一种是在loose sand(unconsolidated) 一种是cemented sediment(consolidated), 是对文章2到6段的概括
最后一点，也是我出错的一点，讲的是水可以被储存的原因，是对7,8,9段的概括。

第二篇THE ORIGINS OF THEATER
4． According to paragraph 1, why did some societies develop and repeat ceremonial actions?

○To establish a positive connection between the members of the society
○To help society members better understand the forces controlling their food supply
○To distinguish their beliefs from those of other societies
○To increase the society’s prosperity
很纠结啊！！为什么选第四个答案呢？？？这个问题真的不懂

第三篇TIMBERLINE VEGETATION ON MOUNTAINS

Paragraph 1：The transition from forest to treeless tundra on a mountain slope is often a dramatic one. Within a vertical distance of just a few tens of meters, trees disappear as a life-form and are replaced by low shrubs, herbs, and grasses. This rapid zone of transition is called the upper timberline or tree line. In many semiarid areas there is also a lower timberline where the forest passes into steppe or desert at its lower edge, usually because of a lack of moisture.

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about both the upper and lower timberlines?
○Both are treeless zones
○Both mark forest boundaries.
○Both are surrounded by desert areas.
○Both suffer from a lack of moisture
考对upper and lower timberlines 的理解问题，第一点，它并不是一个无树区，而是一个又树叶林向低生植物转换的地带，可以说是树林的边界，从此开始，往上无树，所以讲boundaries更贴切，第三个和第四个选项指的是lower timberlines

ttuuttuuUID：2299729

加油   向你學習  ~

纯白色浪漫UID：2906126

作业贴

9月15日   阅读作业：这个。。。用的是文勇的6.0，具体文章名称在下面  用时：60min

文章APPLIED ARTS AND FINE ARTS(OG)

无错误

文章THE ORIGINS OF CETACEANS

无错误

文章DESERT FORMATION 错了三个。。。

The semiarid lands bordering the deserts
exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased
environmental pressures.

3. The word delicate in the passage is closest in meaning to
○Fragile 正确答案
○Predictable
○Complex 错误答案
○Valuable

这题错的好没技术含量，也确实是我疏忽大意造成的，在simiarid的生态环境肯定是脆弱的，虽然也比较复杂，但是脆弱更符合题意，另外，我确实不知道Fragile有脆弱的含义，以后记住！！

The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land
and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.

10. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted
sentence in the passage?
Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse and affects large areas of land and great numbers of people. 正确答案
○Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population growth that has spread over large areas of land 错误答案

干旱是因为不断增长的人口，不断开垦的大量土地，以及这种不断加剧，无法缓和的局势。。。干旱是主语，第二句话明显的主体就不对。。。。虽然句子没什么问题，而第一句话才是真正把desertification放在主要位置上


Paragraph 10: The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process. Once the soil has been removed by erosion, only the passage of centuries or millennia will enable new soil to form. In areas where considerable soil still remains, though, a rigorously enforced program of land protection and cover-crop planting may make it possible to reverse the present deterioration of the surface.

11. It can be inferred from the passage that the author most likely believes which of the
following about the future of desertification?
○Governments will act quickly to control further desertification.
○The factors influencing desertification occur in cycles and will change in the future.
○Desertification will continue to increase.○Desertification will soon occur in all areas of the world.

晕，哪里提到政府的呢？？？推得太远了，文章只是说荒漠化问题及其严重必须采取行动，不能仅凭a rigorously enforced program of land protection 就断定是政府所为，推得太远了。。。

纯白色浪漫UID：2906126

作业贴

9月16日   阅读作业：TPO3  用时：60min

错了好多。。。。汗一个，真崩溃。。。。

文章 ARCHITECTURE 错5个 5555真崩溃

Paragraph 1：Architecture is the art and science of designing structures that organize and
enclose space for practical and symbolic purposes. Because architecture grows out of human needs and aspirations, it clearly communicates cultural values. Of all the visual arts, architecture affects our lives most directly for it determines the character of the human environment in major ways.1. According to paragraph 1, all of the following statements about architecture are true
EXCEPT:
○Architecture is visual art.
○Architecture reflects the cultural values of its creators.错误答案
○Architecture has both artistic and scientific dimensions.
○Architecture has an indirect effect on life.正确答案

汗。。这个错误实在是不可原谅。。。我马虎了，把indirect看成direct，答案在文章中已用紫色字体标出，我的错误啊错误。。。。

Paragraph 5: Modern architectural forms generally have three separate components
comparable to elements of the human body; a supporting skeleton or frame, an outer skin
enclosing the interior spaces, equipment, similar to the body’s vital organs and systems. The equipment includes plumbing, electrical wiring, hot water, and air-conditioning. Of course in early architecture—such as igloos and adobe structures—there was no such equipment, and the skeleton and skin were often one.
8. Which of the following correctly characterizes the relationship between the human body
and architecture that is described in paragraph5?
○Complex equipment inside buildings is the one element in modern architecture that resembles a component of the human body.
○The components in early buildings were similar to three particular elements of the human
body.
○Modern buildings have components that are as likely to change as the human body is.
○In general, modern buildings more closely resemble the human body than earlier buildings do.

我觉得这道题太阴险了，太阴险了，ETS挖的这个坑好有逻辑性。。。。
也怪我选错了，虽然我觉得一四都对，但当时做题的时候就二选一选了一
我觉得很多同学应该都有和我一样的经历，想了想我才发现这道题果然内含玄机。。题目问的是，建筑和人体构造有什么样的关系，实际上是一个总体的概述，而表面上看一题的答案是挑出了其中之一，即作为建筑要素其中之一的equipment和人体要素之一相类似，本身没有问题。但错就错在题目问的是总体关系，而它回答了其中一个方面，这就造成以偏概全了。。。。汗。。。自己的表述能力太差。。。

In the past, whole cities grew from the arduous task of
cutting and piling stone upon. Some of the world’s finest stone architecture can be seen in the ruins of the ancient Inca city of Machu Picchu high in the eastern Andes Mountains of Peru. The doorways and windows are made possible by placing over the open spaces thick stone beams that support the weight from above. A structural invention had to be made before the physical limitations of stone could be overcome and new architectural forms could be created.

10. Why does the author include a description of how the ―doorways and windows‖ of Machu Picchu were constructed?
○To indicate that the combined skeletons and skins of the stone buildings of Machu Picchu
were similar to igloos and adobe structures
○To indicate the different kinds of stones that had to be cut to build Machu Picchu
○To provide an illustration of the kind of construction that was required before arches were invented
○To explain how ancient builders reduced the amount of time necessary to construct buildings from stone.

其实这道题在做的时候，我觉得我没有找到答案，我一直觉得the doors 在给上面的阐述举例子，即the doors 是the most finest stone building举例子，但还忽略了一个很重要的方面，其实举例子不光有承上的作用，还有启下的作用，而这道题的正确答案，正是启下的。希望以后能重视到这些方面，不要总是从例子的上面一句找寻答案。


It works in compression to divert the weight above it out to the sides, where the weight is borne by the vertical elements on either side of the arch. 这句话的理解直接导致我11题做错，可以说是一个难句。。虽然现在看一点也不难。。。

郁闷了，为什么我最后一题必错？？？

文章Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer 无错误

文章The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems

Paragraph 2: An ecologist who studies a pond today may well find it relatively unchanged in a year’s time. Individual fish may be replaced, but the number of fish will tend to be the same from one year to the next. We can say that the properties of an ecosystem are more stable than the individual organisms that compose the ecosystem.
3. According to paragraph 2, which of the following principles of ecosystems can be learned by studying a pond?
○Ecosystem properties change more slowly than individuals in the system.
○The stability of an ecosystem tends to change as individuals are replaced.
○Individual organisms are stable from one year to the next.
○A change in the members of an organism does not affect an ecosystem’s properties

more stable 不意味着完全无影响，这道题一答案要比四答案谨慎的多

Paragraph 6: Ecologists are especially interested to know what factors contribute to the
resilience of communities because climax communities all over the world are being severely damaged or destroyed by human activities. The destruction caused by the volcanic explosion of Mount St. Helens, in the northwestern United States, for example, pales in comparison to the destruction caused by humans. We need to know what aspects of a community are most important to the community’s resistance to destruction, as well as its recovery.
10. The word ―pales‖ in the passage is closest in meaning to
○Increases proportionally
○Differs
○Loses significance
○Is common

联系上下文推断要好很多，上半部分说，人类活动造成的damage要严重的多，下文做比较的时候，自然的火山喷发所造成的damage就不足为奇了。。。上下文啊上下文。。。

In fact, damage to the environment by humans is often much more severe than
damage by natural events and processes. 这句话所插入的地方。。。汗，真是我的错 in fact表递进，一般是进一步说明，所以下面也应该举例子。。。我怎么能插错地方呢？？？


虽然错了很多，但是我希望通过自己的改正，可以以后不再犯同样的错误，加油！！！

WSYLRUID：2666837

对于
第二篇THE ORIGINS OF THEATER
4． According to paragraph 1, why did some societies develop and repeat ceremonial actions?
○To establish a positive connection between the members of the society
○To help society members better understand the forces controlling their food supply
○To distinguish their beliefs from those of other societies
○To increase the society’s prosperity
我当时也错了的说，，后来我看可以用排除法 定位到
Having little understanding of natural causes, it attributes both desirable and undesirable occurrences to supernatural or magical forces, and it searches for means to win the favor of these forces. Perceiving an apparent connection between certain actions performed by the group and the result it desires, the group repeats, refines and formalizes those actions into fixed ceremonies, or rituals.
1、没有提及成员和社会的关系
2、意义应该主要在于 win the favor of these force
3、没提及

欢迎讨论哈~~

纯白色浪漫UID：2906126

我也觉得似乎只能用排除法的，是不是the result it desire 就是促进社会繁荣的意思呢？？？

纯白色浪漫UID：2906126

作业贴

9月17日   阅读作业：TPO4  用时：60min

文章Deer Populations of the Puget Sound
But the most profound reason for the restoration of high population numbers has been the gate of the forests. Great tracts of lowland country deforested by logging, fire, or both have become ideal feeding grounds of deer. In addition to finding an increase of suitable browse, like huckleberry and vine maple, Arthur Einarsen, longtime game biologist in the Pacific Northwest, found quality of browse in the open areas to be substantially more nutritive.

11．Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○Arthur Einarsen’s longtime family with the Pacific Northwest helped him discover areas where deer had an increase in suitable browse.
○Arthur Einarsen found that deforested feeding grounds provided deer with more and better food.
○Biologist like Einarsen believe it is important to find additional open areas with suitable
browse for deer to inhabit.
○According to Einarsen, huckleberry and vine maple are examples of vegetation that may
someday improve the nutrition of deer in the open areas of the Pacific Northwest.

这道题出错出在我太单纯看一道题了，其实应该联系上下文的，可是我没有，我仅凭划线部分推测，所以做错了，还要注意的是，game有猎物的意思，这个我是不知道的，gate可以翻译为减少吗？查了字典没有相关的含义呢！但是文勇老师翻译的是减少的意思

文章Cave Art in Europe
We might expect that early artistic efforts would be crude, but the cave paintings of Spain and southern France show a marked degree of skill.
1．The word ―marked‖ in the passage is closest in meaning to
○Considerable
○Surprising
○Limited
○Adequate
marked 的意思是不是想表达相当高的意思呢？其实我觉得surprising 也对的，毕竟可以和crude做对比，令人惊奇的技艺，不过可能considerable 的感觉会更好一点，这是我的想法

文章Petroleum Resources 无错误

纯白色浪漫UID：2906126

作业贴

9月18日   阅读作业：TPO5  用时：60min

文章MINERALS AND PLANTS

Paragraph2: Mineral deficiencies can often be detected by specific symptoms such as chlorosis (loss of chlorophyll resulting in yellow or white leaf issue), necrosis (isolated dead patches), anthocyanin formation (development of deep red pigmentation of leaves or stem), stunted growth, and development of woody tissue in an herbaceous plant. Soils are most commonly deficient innitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen-deficient plants exhibit many of the symptoms just described. Leaves develop chlorosis; stems are short and slender, and anthocyanin discoloration occurs on stems, petioles, and lower leaf surfaces. Phosphorus-deficient plants are often stunted, with leaves turning a characteristic dark green, often with the accumulation of anthocyanin. Typically, older leaves are affected first as the phosphorus is mobilized to young growing tissue. Iron deficiency is characterized by chlorosis between veins in young leaves.

3. According to Paragraph2, which of the following symptoms occurs in phosphorus-deficient plants but not in plants deficient in nitrogen or iron?
Chlorosis on leaves
Change in leaf pigmentation to a dark shade of green
Short, stunted appearance of stems
   Reddish pigmentation on the leaves or stem

不解释了，文章都有，仔细点就不会错了

文章THE ORIGIN OF THE PACIFIC ISLAND PEOPLE

3. The word overwhelming in the passage is closest in meaning to
powerful
favorable
current
reasonable

文章THE CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION

Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century. Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular forms of life seems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself. Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals? Why did animal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists continue to search the fossil record for answers to these questions
5. According to Paragraph2, which of the following is NOT a question that paleontologists
asked about the Cambrian explosion?
Why was the origin of life a simple step in Earth’s history?
   Why did it take so long for multicellular organisms to develop?
Why did animal life evolve so rapidly?
Why does the fossil record lack evidence of animal evolution during that time?

这个问题还真是有点纠结呢，因为我觉得我选择的这个答案，虽然是错误的，但是原文用了一个肯定句，而不是疑问句，所以应该也不能算是问了吧？

发条兔调调UID：2871455

我TPO3阅读第一题跟你错的一样，当时还气呼呼的以为答案错了。。。。

lynn27UID：2774627

传说中的白白~~~
你是怎么做善后工作的呢?　分析错哪吗，然后看文勇翻译?
一天一个TPO是吗，