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Critical judgment of work, in any given field has little value unless comes from someone who is an expert in that field.
synopsis:
一 专家的意见不能作为唯一的评判标准
二,必须承认专家的评判具有一定的参考价值
三,但是,专家也可能作出不公正的评价
四,过于迷信专家的评价还可能打击创造性,扼杀新手的积极性
Critical judgment of work from expert in that field, although being of great significance and reference value, should not be taken as the only criteria to assess the work.
Judgment from the experts, with their good command of relevant knowledge and experience, can be of great value. As we know, so-called experts are those who are specialized in some certain fields, say, arts, physics and etc.. They boast much more abundant experience and better grasp of knowledge relevant to their fields than their peers. Therefore, in some sense, they are regarded as authoritarians in the fields; and in most cases, their judgment can work as objective standard to value the relevant work. As a matter of fact, the general public tend to believe in what the experts say about the work and then admire it. For example, there are archeologists on whom the public depend to judge whether a certain piece of antique is a fake or not. In film, they can turn to the movie critics to tell which movie is a masterpiece and which one is rubbish. Generally speaking, their judgment is relative objective and should be treated seriously.
Nonetheless, experts are not perfect; they may make wrong or biased judgment to work in their fields. The pool of knowledge, even in a certain field, is so vast that even for such a great scientist as Newton, there are areas in physics he did not manage to reach. It is likely that he would not be able to make a justifiable assessment to a certain piece of work which was associated with area which he was ignorant of or knew nothing about. Furthermore, as common human beings, experts are also innate to some shortcomings such as prejudice, which will damage the justness of their assessment. In this sense, regarding the experts with blind belief may detrimental in that the work misjudged by them would be treated fairly.
Experts can not be treated as the only arbiter of work not only because of their limitation on their knowledge and human nature, but also because of the restriction of their previous experience and established knowledge on the fairness of their judgment; they could be taken as conventions to hamper the originality and creativeness in that field. While the knowledge and experience of the experts help them to be seemingly superior to others and entitle them to judge work or their peers, they also can work negatively by preventing the experts to be open-minded, to accept the new ideas and judge them appropriately. As a result, work of the novices, those who tend to challenge the established knowledge by doing the job in new ways or thinking of it from new angles, would face the threat of not being recognized by the experts who are confined to their old formats, and consequently being denied by the general public. Depressed by the "failure", the tyros, if not at the worst become in despair and never steam up any longer, may lose impetus to innovate in that field. In the long run, the development of that field will witness a retarded future.
In sum, when judging work of a certain field, experts may help but cannot be taken as the only judger because of their limitation in knowledge and potential harm to the originality of the relevant people if misjudgment is involved. In order to make an as fair judgment as possible to the work, various means should be taken, including putting it to laboratory experiments or practical exercise. |
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