[风雨与共] 12.19 argument提纲 by【8】

buyingUID: 2733663

12.19
11The following appeared in a memo from the mayor of the town of West Egg.
"Two years ago, our consultants predicted that West Egg's landfill, which is used for garbage disposal, would be completely filled within five years. During the past two years, however, town residents have been recycling twice as much aluminum and paper as they did in previous years. Next month the amount of material recycled should further increase, since charges for garbage pickup will double. Furthermore, over ninety percent of the respondents to a recent survey said that they would do more recycling in the future. Because of our residents' strong commitment to recycling, the available space in our landfill should last for considerably longer than predicted."
1.循环再生的数量比过去翻倍并不代表使用年限会增加。可能现在的垃圾数量比以前增加的很多，以至于即使循环再生的数量增加，仍比以前的使用速度增加。
2.即使循环再生的数量增加能支持作者观点，垃圾回收的收费增加也不代表循环材料的数量会增加。
3.人们对铝和纸的回收行为并不一定会推广到其他物品中去，铝和纸在回收物品中所占的比重很小，对垃圾数量的减少意味着什么，没有资料显示
4.调查不具代表性
5.论断只涉及居民回收垃圾，没有提到工业垃圾等，没有资料比较。

12The following appeared in a memo from a vice president of Alta Manufacturing.
"During the past year, Alta Manufacturing had thirty percent more on-the-job accidents than nearby Panoply Industries, where the work shifts are one hour shorter than ours. Experts believe that a significant contributing factor in many on-the-job accidents is fatigue and sleep deprivation among workers. Therefore, to reduce the number of on-the-job accidents at Alta and thereby increase productivity, we should shorten each of our three work shifts by one hour so that our employees will get adequate amounts of sleep."
1.论断的前提是事故是由睡眠不足引起的，作者没有提供这方面的资料，可能有其他原因
A)工作环境的安全性
B)违章操作
2.即使是由睡眠不足引起的，进一步前提是工作时间超过工人的负荷导致工人睡眠不足。没有资料显示，可能是还有其他原因
A)工人业余生活过于丰富，过度娱乐，家庭的负担
B)第二职业
3.论断还引用了和另一家工厂的比较，但没有提供和另一家的具体比对资料
A)工作性质
B)保护措施

13The following appeared in a memo from the chief executive of a video game company.
"We have recently been offered the opportunity to buy the rights to produce a video game based on the soon-to-be-published children's book "Squirrel Power," by Peter Wood. While the cost of the rights is substantial and will place economic constraints on our company in the short-term, there are two reasons that the purchase of these rights will undoubtedly be a wise investment. First, Wood's last three books have been best sellers and the movie based on his first book was highly profitable. Second, the popular characters and story line in "Squirrel Power" will save us time in developing our video game, thereby reducing our costs."
1.前提一是书和电影畅销，则游戏也会畅销。没有证据显示这一点，可能观众喜欢书和电影的并不喜欢玩游戏
2.即使前提一成立，论证基于一个更进一步的前提，受欢迎的角色和情节将节省我们的制作时间，从而节约成本。没有证据证明这一点，虽然能缩短了文本设计阶段的时间，但是整个制作的成本未必下降
3.如果代价过大，可能无法回收成本，是公司账目出现赤字。