**茶叶蛋炒饭**第四次作业 ISSUE43 请组员跟帖

saybia1993UID: 2625112

Issue 43 “To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards.”



Ethical and moral are social phenomenon. They belong to the superstructure of a society, which means the sum of the regulations denoted and accepted by most people in society. As far as I’m concerned, I agree with the speaker’s assertions that an effective leader must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards. A public leader who has high awareness of ethical and moral can act as a crucial point to maintain the world peace and stable.
Let’s consider the first condition in our daily lives: the leadership in economics. While economics is a wide concept, it certainly can be considered the aorta of a country: thousands of companies, factories make our base needs in daily lives. Hundreds of millions cash flows in business and control the markets. Though public leader do not control the market directly, when compared to people like CEOs, managers and business men, they connect to the economics closely. Public officials are the crucial part in establish economic principle, such laws could greatly affect economic behavior like export, import and exchange rate. With highest ethical and moral standards, public officials will devote themselves and make efforts to build an equal, stable and consistency market which benefits publics a lot. Chinese government could be a good example with high ethical and moral standards. For the reason that it avoided constant inflation, carried out a series monetary policies and increased the amount of concessional loan to many countries thus to resist the recession of economics in the period between 2008-2010, made great contribution to the whole economics market around the world.
Admittedly, the leaders of our culture are the important people. For instance:
scientists, ideologists, litterateurs, artists and so on. While they do not have the power to control fund, they definitely are the resources for our progress and development. In order to let their imagines sour inside the appropriate circumstance, public officials must establish policy not only to encourage these people to create but also to have some limitation. Because science and technology can change our world better; on the contrary, it also leads pollution, waste, even wars. If a chemist with no rules and regulations which limits him of his research, agricultural chemical could be developed to chemical weapons due to professor’s own interests. It would cause a huge damage for people. If a writer with no limitation of publishing, violence, salacity and vulgarity may appears in his books to attract people. People are unwilling to see such wicked result unless we could find a way for restriction. That depends on the public leader’s ethical and moral standards.
The best leaders of politics are certain to have the highest ethical and moral standards. The level of ethical and moral for people who have power has a great influence in leadership. Insisting on a high ethical and moral standard makes leader broad-minded, far-sighted and do popular, real works welcomed by publics. In politics, a leader regardless of ethical and moral standards may lead a destructive situation. Comparing to Mao Zedong, Chiang Kai-shek can be considered a failed leader in Chinese history. The lack of ethical and moral lead his dictatorships, shortsighted, regardless of common people’s suffering and indulge his officials’ corruption. Actions go against common view in current society is sure to be failed. Moreover, the Watergate scandal, Monica gate and such political scandals are also the reasons of the lack of ethical and moral for leaders at that time. These farces fully demonstrate how important the moral standards are important to leaders. If not, the higher status the leader in, the more hidden trouble the current society will have.
In sum, all situations inform us that wherever in economics, politics, culture and other aspects. The leaders must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards. Such aspects represent the main elements of this world. Only under controlled by public officials with high ethical and moral standards can they won’t drift off the right course and go against the truth, the good and the beautiful.



This article was created by ID:saybia1993 independently at 2011/1/20.  Confirm letter number of GRE AW test : 8850000000521508.  This article only can be used for study and exchange individually. All rights reserved.

这篇文章我没有让步段，全是肯定，感觉2 3段有些重复了，是不是最后加一个让步，说明“有些时候，事情办好就可以了，道德上钻一点空无所谓” 比如烂例克林顿桃色新闻，不过好像都这么写,饿，这篇文章是去年写的，当时写走题了


改bottom同学的：

Public officials are to a government what parts are to a machine. The primary duty of public officials is to make sure the government in which they work can function well for the social welfare. So an effective public official should have capacity to fulfill that duty at the first place, and as I think, the highest ethical and moral standards are not indispensable这个是可缺少的意思 for him or her to be effective.

While I can hardly agree with the statement above, I do hold the view that public officials ought to abide by certain, but not the highest, ethical and moral standards.（好奇怪，你为什么要这么说？I can hardly agree with…那第一段就不是你的观点了？） It is almost impossible for a person who bears no sense of ethics and morality to be elected or appointed as a public official. The citizens or the authorities are all clear about the fundamental standards that government officials should meet. Without basic ethical and moral limits, the abuse of privilege and power would break down the whole governmental system. 这段少例子，单纯的说理，the authorities are all clear about the fundamental standards… 为什么all clear？ 不足以让人信服

However, the highest ethic and moral standards are far beyond the necessity for the effectiveness of a bureaucratic official, which largely depend upon his or her capacity to place skills at the service of the public. Imagine a mayor who succeeded in lowering the unemployment rate by carrying out an effective policy, but was accidentally caught having an affair and lying to his wife. From where I see it, the mayor can be defined as an effective official though he lacks faithfulness to marriage, which deserves condemnation. As such, sometimes flaws in personal morality do not blockade the functioning as a public official.我觉得，这里可以利用克林顿的例子，尽管用烂了，但是比较让人信服，中国皇帝后宫三千，天天换着泡，也不见得能被定罪吧？时代不同，道德观念也不一样，这个是前提。

In addition, a public official who holds the highest ethic and moral standards may find it difficult to perform his duty effectively under some specific circumstances. It is known that in order to deal with urgent problem, the government often needs to put forward some policies which could sacrifice the interests of certain groups of people. Now an official, who carries great empathy for the sacrificial, happened to be assigned to execute that sort of policy. What should he do? To keep his high moral standard and refuse to harm those poor people will result in dereliction of duty, let alone being effective. 这里也有问题，如果保持高道德，应该两边都不伤害，你潜意识里已经把最高道德等同于不伤害可怜人的利益了，如果这项政策不执行，万一造成更大，更不可弥补的过错怎么办？这也是一个保持高道德水准的领导人应该想到的啊。

In conclusion, public officials should follow basic ethical and moral standards, but do not need to be saints, given that their major responsibility is to serve the public instead of being a model of ethical and moral perfection.


首先字数少，限时的吗？其次 论述主题的第三段，观点上有问题，这个你再好好想下，是删掉，还是换种说法。 其他两段的观点没问题，但是论述有问题，问题写在段落下面了。
主要说了你的缺点，优点就不提了，比起你的第一篇，这篇有不错的进步。 个人观点，有水平限制，望包涵  

原地兜风UID: 2812262

What contributes to an effective leader is still under discussion by scholars all over the world. The high ethical and moral standards are some respects of a successful leader's characteristic. Further, personalities like decisive, bold and tactful prevail over ethical standards.

People value ethic norms from ancient times no matter in business or political occasions. A moral man is considered to break his principles under no circumstance. That is to say, when dealing with them, people's behalf will not be impinged. If a union gives something like contributing society responsibly priority, then elect a ethical leader is of unparalleled importance. But it does not mean that he is equally an effective leader.

An effective leader is defined as getting things accomplished by acting through others or getting people to perform to their maximum potential. As a leader in a group, he should place emphasis on questions like how to allocate human resources reasonably, how to drive staff to work toward a same target, how to consolidate tension among members and so on. By these steps, he can realize their goal effectively regardless of whether he is moral. Think about what Adolf Hitler did in World War II, when he started the invasion, German forces and their European allies had occupied most of Europe, and most of Northern Africa within three years. It is an astonishing achievement and what he did is absolutely evil thing. So he is considered to be a demon. Regardless of his wicked nature, I have to conclude that he is really an impressive effective leader because he knew how to distribute the resources of nation reasonably and how to inspiring soldiers fight toward his goal.         

So what really matters in modern society for a group to select an efficient leader? As far as I am concerned, the answer differs in different situations. As for political clique, they should care about tactful and determined people because he can easily negotiate with political and religious opponents and hold on to his own norm as well. In business industry, a person who is innovative, trustworthy and sensitive to changes in the market should be sought for, for the reason that the environment of business industry is full of uncertainties. One should be both sensitive to these changes and able to make innovative decisions to lead his group.

The main engineer of new China's developments Mr. Deng once said(I retell his main ideas) :" No matter what the color the cat is, only its ability contributes to a good cat." I think this is certainly right. People don't have to meet the sky-high ethical and moral standards. If they are competent, they could be effective leaders.


The speaker contends that the highest ethical and moral standards are requirements to an effective leader or a public official. In my view, I deeply affirm that whether successful leadership requires that(删掉that) the highest ethical and moral standards is a complex issue. I don't think I can generalize about this issue.(这句话感觉奇怪，你可以说，I think a comprehensive view should be taken when considering this issue)

In the business realm, a successful leader is mainly defined as one who successfully achieves the goal of maximizing profits for a firm’s shareholders and offers more benefits to their own employees. In this sense, a high standard of ethics or morality is not generally required. However, with the development of modern industry and the urge of environmental conservation, corporations now have to pay more attention than before to the ecological balance and the reduced consumption of resources(这句话中如果the reduced consumption…是与the ecological balance并列，那么改为the preservation of resources是否更好). That means even though the high standard of ethics or morality is not the primary consideration for leaders in business to consider(去掉to consider) when investing or developing some projects, this requirement is now calling their attention and actions.

In the political realm, the issue is no less complex. Personal morality is unrelated to effective political leadership.（可以简单阐述下为什么是没有关系的） Modern politics is full of examples of what most people would consider personal ethical failings: the marital indiscretions of President Kennedy, for instance. Yet few would agree that these personal moral choices adversely influenced his ability to lead. However, public morality and successful leadership are more closely connected. For example, Hitler, whom most people would consent were flagrant violator of public morality. Ultimately, he sacrificed his leadership as a result of the evil means by obtaining or wielding their power(这句语义上有问题，说的应该是获得和支配权力的邪恶的方式，后面的是修饰means的，还是改回原书上的). It seems that in the short time unethical public behavior might assist a political leader's interest in sustaining his or her power; yet in the long time such behavior invariably results in that leader's failure.

And there is another type of leadership, namely social-spiritual which definitely requires a high ethical and moral standard. Countless notable examples in history can be found to prove this point. Such as Mother Teresa, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, dedicated the majority of her life to helping the poorest of the poor in India. She said that "I will do more than give, I will serve". Therefore, high standards for one's own public morality are requirements for successful social-spiritual leadership. (这个例子有一个疑问，Mother Teresa是social-spiritual leader否，甘地与路德金都是领导过运动的)

In sum, the effective political and social-spiritual leadership requires adherence to high standards of public morality. However, successful business leaders require a balance between achieving profit maximization and fulfilling their broader obligation to the society.
你的这篇如你所说，与范文上思路完全相同，小心判雷同。我的写作思路一般是先审题，然后找关键字，慢慢分析，利用Wikipedia找一些能用的资料，最后再看范文。你可以看下awintro（群里有）或是追星剑特训（论坛上搜），应该会对思路有一些帮助。建议每段里观点后要展开一些论述，例子中也要契合当前观点。

澈透水痕rachelUID: 2868066

Issue43--- To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards.一个公仆如果想成为一位杰出的领导者就必须保持最高的伦理和道德标准。

Is maintaining the highest ethical and moral standards a necessary condition for a public official to be an effective leader? Many people may say "of course" to this question. But I don't totally agree with it. In my view, though the ethical and moral standards is important for a leader, sometimes one must sacrifice a bit of the highest moral and ethical standards in order to benefit more people. And besides ethical and moral standards, there may be many other characters that one should own to be a leader.

Admittedly, to be an effective leader, one should maintain ethical and moral standards in some sense. If he doesn't have the fundamental ethics and morality, his political career will not be successful and keep long time.  We may all have heard the story about former American president Richard Nixon's watergate scandal which made him the first president in American history to resign under pressure. It can truly exhibit the importance of the fundamental ethic and moral standards. Such example is not rare find. In retrospect, another American president Bill Clinton also lost his reputation and influence in politics because of his sex scandal although American economy was boom and stable in his term of office. Therefore, we can see that hardly can a leader be really successful without basic ethical and moral standards.

However, do we need to emphasize the highest ethical and moral standard of a effective leader just as the speaker states? I think there's no need personally. Firstly, let's see the word "the highest". What does it mean? We can's explain clearly, maybe it requires people to be so pure and so noble just as a saint. But how can it be possible? A leader is also a common people in many aspects so that they also have their own drawbacks. No one can be so perfect.

In addition, sometimes there is a conflict between the leader's highest ethical and moral standards and the mass's benefits. A telling example can illustrate this statement. In the second world war, American president Truman made a decision to drop atomic bombs on the city of Japan. This decision is so cruel if considering about the highest ethical and moral standards. But just due to it, the alley countries can get the victory so quickly and large numbers of American soldiers escape from losing their lives. Likewise, when there's a emergency such as a terrorist attacks, it's better for leaders to hold back the truth and organize the mass to do safety measures immediately rather than telling them there's a danger and everyone will possibly lose his life which may cause confusion. It disobeys the highest ethical and moral standards with no doubt but can benefit more people and make the situation better. That's why I say that an effective leader must sacrifice a bit of the highest ethical and moral standards when there is a need.

In the end, as far as I'm concerned, to be an effective leader, one must have many other qualities such as foresight, courage, creativity and the ability of communion and management, except the fundamental ethical and moral standards stated above. Only with all these characters and knowing how to make decisions with no limit of the highest ethical and moral standards can a public official really become an effective leader.


This article was created by ID:澈透水痕rachel independently at 2011/1/19,  Confirm letter number of GRE AW test: 8850000000507136.This article only can be used for study and exchange individually. All rights reserved.



改楼上的~~~
What contributes to an effective leader is still under discussion by scholars all over the world. The high ethical and moral standards are some respects of a successful leader's characteristic. Further（Further more）, personalities like decisive, bold and tactful prevail over ethical（and moral） standards.

People value ethic norms from ancient times no matter in business or political occasions. A moral man is considered to break his principles under no circumstance. That is to say, when dealing with them, people's behalf will not be impinged. If a union gives something like contributing society responsibly priority, then elect（electing） a（an） ethical leader is of unparalleled importance. But it does not mean that he is equally an effective leader.（这一段是承认道德准则的作用还是什么？感觉说服力不够，缺少逻辑，可以把business and political occasions都展开说下，简单带过几个例子。倒数第二句感觉中国式英语，不太懂。。。）

An effective leader is defined as getting things accomplished by acting through others or getting people to perform to their maximum potential（用法有点奇怪）. As a leader in a group, he should place emphasis on questions like how to allocate human resources reasonably, how to drive staff to work toward a same target, how to consolidate tension among members and so on. By these steps, he can realize their goal effectively regardless of whether he is moral. Think about what Adolf Hitler did in World War II, when he started the invasion, German forces and their European allies had occupied most of Europe, and most of Northern Africa within three years. It is an astonishing achievement and what he did is absolutely evil thing. So he is considered to be a demon. Regardless of his wicked nature, I have to conclude that he is really an impressive effective leader because he knew how to distribute the resources of nation reasonably and how to inspiring soldiers fight toward his goal. （这一段写得很好哈~~例子也很契合，描述很有说服力~~~学习学习~~）        

So what really matters in modern society for a group to select an efficient leader? As far as I am concerned, the answer differs in different situations. As for political clique, they should care about tactful and determined people because he can easily negotiate with political and religious opponents and hold on to his own norm as well. In business industry, a person who is innovative, trustworthy and sensitive to changes in the market should be sought for, for the reason that the environment of business industry is full of uncertainties. One should be both sensitive to these changes and able to make innovative decisions to lead his group. （这段感觉跟上文没什么联系啊，题目是成为一个领导者要。。。。。，这一段写得是人们希望选择什么选的领导者，虽然说人们选择的就是领导者需要培养的品质，但毕竟切题不是很好。。。。。）


The main engineer of new China's developments Mr. Deng once said(I retell his main ideas) :" No matter what the color the cat is, only its ability contributes to a good cat." .(结尾很有意思哈~~就是不知道ETS能不能看懂。。。。。我也想用这样的俗语，求解，这样写到底好不好？)I think this is certainly right. People don't have to meet the sky-high ethical and moral standards. If they are competent, they could be effective leaders.




这篇文章整体语言挺不错的，但是字数不够，感觉构架有点乱，段与段的承接上少了点什么，比如第二段开头加个Admittedly，最后一段开头加个to sum up什么的·，可能会显得更有逻辑。

saybia1993UID: 2625112

占楼发一下牢骚，我最讨厌这种题目了，作文又被改的一文不值

lucky惠starUID: 2877406

43. "To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."
一个公仆如果想成为一位杰出的领导者就必须保持最高的伦理和道德标准。



对于我的这篇文章，不想说什么了~~~~~~还在改进中……

Is maintaining the highest ethical and moral standards a necessary condition for a public official to be an effective leader? Many people may say "of course" to this question. But I don't totally agree with it. In my view, though the ethical and moral standards is important for a leader, sometimes one must sacrifice a bit of the highest moral and ethical standards in order to benefit more people. And besides ethical and moral standards, there may be many other characters that one should own to be a leader.

Admittedly, to be an effective leader, one should maintain ethical and moral standards in some sense. If he doesn't have the fundamental ethics and morality, his political career will not be successful and keep long time.  We may all have heard the story about former American president Richard Nixon's watergate scandal which made him the first president in American history to resign under pressure. It can truly exhibit the importance of the fundamental ethic and moral standards. Such example is not rare find. In retrospect, another American president Bill Clinton also lost his reputation and influence in politics because of his sex scandal although American economy was boom and stable in his term of office. Therefore, we can see that hardly can a leader be really successful without basic ethical and moral standards.

However, do we need to emphasize the highest ethical and moral standard of an effective leader just as the speaker states? I think there's no need personally. Firstly, let's see the word "the highest". What does it mean? We can't explain clearly, maybe it requires people to be so pure and so noble just as a saint. But how can it be possible? A leader is also a common people in many aspects so that they also have their own drawbacks. No one can be so perfect.

In addition, sometimes there is a conflict between the leader's highest ethical and moral standards and the mass's benefits. A telling example can illustrate this statement. In the second world war, (world war II) American president Truman made a decision to drop atomic bombs on the city of Japan. This decision is so cruel if considering about the highest ethical and moral standards. But just due to it, the alley countries can get the victory so quickly and large numbers of American soldiers escape from losing their lives. Likewise, when there's a emergency such as a terrorist attacks, it's better for leaders to hold back the truth and organize the mass to do safety measures immediately rather than telling them there's a danger and everyone will possibly lose his life which may cause confusion. It disobeys the highest ethical and moral standards with no doubt but can benefit more people and make the situation better. That's why I say that an effective leader must sacrifice a bit of the highest ethical and moral standards when there is a need.

In the end, as far as I'm concerned, to be an effective leader, one must have many other qualities such as foresight, courage, creativity and the ability of communion and management, except the fundamental ethical and moral standards stated above. Only with all these characters and knowing how to make decisions with no limit of the highest ethical and moral standards can a public official really become an effective leader.

看完第一感觉，觉得思路，整体的结构还是很不错的，挺清晰的，这方面是挺好的~
语言也挺简单的，有待加强~ 有点感觉中文式的英语~ 例子其实都相关，只是我觉得你还是没有充分的展开来进行论证。我能够特别明白诉说的内容。可是就是感觉不是特别紧凑，就像很平淡的诉说~你说杜鲁门的例子，只有这么做才能很快的得到胜利，这个感觉有点牵强，绝对的话是需要证明的~ 总之，加油@-@

greoge007UID: 2865153

题目：ISSUE43 - "To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."

In human society, we often look forward to some wise leaders to act as our light towers and guide us to fulfill our dreams. But how to be an effective leader remains a hot issue. In the author's eyes, the way leading to effective leader is to maintain the highest ethical and moral standards, which in my opinion; it is not what the factor which the author says above to determine an effective leader, but many other factors that count.

We can't deny that high ethical and moral standards are the most important elements to a human society; however, they are not the criteria to determine whether a leader is effective or not. The term "effective" probably means to do something that is useful and the result of it can prove to be successful. But the truth is, a high ethical and moral standards do not necessarily stands for when we put what we think into practice, they always work out just fine. What's worse sometimes we just think about it and never put it into use. That is to say if our leaders who with a high ethical and moral standards, but they act as just like the day dreamers, always keep talking and thinking about how to do for the goodness or mercy of other people, but never put it into actually use. Can we say the leader is effective? Definitely we can't and however wise the leader may be, the result is fruitless.

So what are the key factors in determining an effective leader? In my point of view, to evaluate a leader whether is effective or not is his real ability and whether his policy works. A man who doesn’t  have a high ethical and moral standards, he can also be an effective leader. Adolf Hitler, for example, who was evil in killing hundreds and thousands of the Jewish people in world war two. He was regardless of the so called ethical and moral standards; however, despite his wrong deed, we can never deny that he was an outstanding military strategist as well as a talented and effective leader during the war. On the contrary, a man who has ethical and moral standards can also prove to be an effective leader. In 1929, the American people suffered from the Great Depression, many of them didn't have a job to make a living. The president Franklin Roosevelt worked around the clock to come up with the great policy "New Deal" for the goodness of his people. Simply put, whether a man has a high ethical and moral standards means nothing to his effectiveness, but one's excellent ability and outstanding policy help him to be an effective leader.

From the discussion above, a leader with high ethical and moral standards just demonstrates that the leader has a good will and can make positive contributions to the human society. To be an effective leader, a public official must have his own capabilities or talents and to testify his policies or solutions really work out.

改的作文已经发邮件给你~~注意接收！

yzl_1988UID: 2372248

Issue 43 “To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards.”

What are the merits an effective leader, especially a public official, should possess? The author argues that an effective leader must maintain the highest ethical standards. In my opinion the highest moral standards is not a necessity for an effective leader, however, many other merits such as wisdom, honest, good communication ability together with ability to execute and organize are the key to become an effective leader.
When facing the question: what should an effective leader possess. Many would blurt out the consistent on the highest ethical and moral standards of human kind. They might argue that public officials are the pilots leading the direction we public towards, thus their decision would greatly affect our current life and incoming future. If leaders do not maintain the highest ethical and moral standards, we may be misled to the wrong direction. However, by analyzing abundant data of our previous history, I find that maintaining the highest ethical standards are not a necessity for public officials to become an effective leader. Some effective leaders, like President Nixon or President Clinton, have sex scandals which surely are against our moral standards. Although suffered from Watergate Scandal, President Nixon performs pretty well in his term of service. He pulled the American army from the marsh of war in Vietnam, saving thousands of lives of American people and millions of dollars for the taxpayer. Also he established the diplomatic relationship between the US and China, which greatly benefits the US in both politic field and economic field. So was President Clinton, who booms the US economy in his term of service. Other effective leaders, who may not have sex scandals, infringe moral standards in many other ways. Take President Franklin Roosevelt as an example. President Roosevelt led the US economy into a new booming form the Great Depression by his New Deal, which apparently shows his wisdom of an effective leader. Also, he commended the formidable army which chases justice by fighting against Nazi in both Euro and Pacific. Such a good leader also ordered the application of two nuclear booms in Japan, killing millions of civilians.
While the highest ethical standards are not an essential for an effective leader, what should effective leader posses? In my opinion, an effective leader must have wisdom, honest, good communication ability together with ability to execute and organize. For a leader is the pilot who leads our direction, the wisdom to foresee and to make effective strategy in overcoming difficulties is very important. We can see the importance of foresight and beautiful strategy on President Roosevelt and his New Deal. Also, an effective leader must be honest to earn the trust of his people. We can tell the formidable power of trust from Churchill. Being honest to the public, Churchill earns the support from every citizen in Britain by which support British government finally obtains the victory against Nazi. The ability of communication, execute, and organize are also very important. Good communication ability can help the leader in find what is the main problem in his team. Without knowing where there is wrong, it will be impossible to fix the problem. Ability to organize the team accelerates the efficiency on the whole by putting the right man to the right position. Ability to execute is most basic to become an effective leader, for the accomplishments come after the procedure. Without a good ability to execute will lead little accomplishments.
In conclusion, an effective leader, especially a public official, does not need to maintain the highest moral standards. Instead, they should be an honest man with wisdom and foresight who also possess good communication ability together with ability to execute and organize.


=================================修改========================================
In human society, we often look forward to some wise leaders to act as our light towers and guide us to fulfill our dreams. But how to be an effective leader remains a hot issue. In the author's eyes, the way leading (会不会容易和leader混淆？) to effective leader is to maintain the highest ethical and moral standards, which in my opinion; it is not what the factor which(好几层从句，都不知道谁修饰谁了，第一段应该明了点才好吧) the author says above to determine an effective leader, but many other factors that count.(最后一句好拗口，是不是可以把某些修饰语改改位置)

We can't deny that high ethical and moral standards are the most important elements to a human society;(这个分号用的很奇怪) however, they are not the criteria to determine whether a leader is effective or not. The term "effective" probably means to do something that is useful and the result of it can prove to be successful. But the truth is, a high ethical and moral standards do not necessarily stands for when we put what we think into practice, they always work out just fine (这句话完全没看明白) . What's worse, sometimes we just think about it and never put it into use.(it的指代很费思考啊) That is to say if our leaders who with a high ethical and moral standards, but they act as just like the day dreamers, always keep talking and thinking about how to do for the goodness or mercy of other people, but never put it into actually use.(你觉得教皇--pontiff可不可以做一个例子，道德高尚、代表上帝，但是其实不怎么作为。你这里讲的一大通，我觉得太抽象，太宽泛；如果能更具体一点，我想会比较好。) Can we say the leader is effective? Definitely we can't and however wise the leader may be, the result is fruitless.

So what are the key factors in determining an effective leader? In my point of view, to evaluate (whether) a leader is effective or not is his real ability and whether his policy works.(real ability和his policy works是不是有点重复) A man who doesn’t  have a high ethical and moral standards, he can also be an effective leader. Adolf Hitler, for example, who was evil in killing hundreds and thousands of the Jewish people in world war two. He was regardless of the so called ethical and moral standards; however, despite his wrong deed, we can never deny that he was an outstanding military strategist as well as a talented and effective leader during the war. On the contrary,(我觉得这个转折是不是转的太过了，第一次看的时候还以为你又转回第一段了。我觉得不用都可以，或者differently) a man who has ethical and moral standards can also prove to be an effective leader. In 1929, the American people suffered from the Great Depression, many of them didn't have a job to make a living. The president Franklin Roosevelt worked around the clock to come up with the great policy "New Deal" for the goodness of his people.(其实你的例子没有讲明白为什么说罗斯福就遵守道德规范了。我写的文章里还用广岛长崎的原子弹来说罗斯福其实也全是个好人的说。) Simply put, whether a man has a high ethical and moral standards means nothing to his effectiveness, but one's excellent ability and outstanding policy help him to be an effective leader.(你这段似乎都还是在说一个领导是否能干和他是否遵守道德最高准则无关，而不是在讲一个领导人是否能干仅在于他的真实能力和他策略是否有效。这样来讲，你这段的论据是否应该放在上一段？)

From the discussion above, a leader with high ethical and moral standards just demonstrates that the leader has a good will and can make positive contributions to the human society. To be an effective leader, a public official must have his own capabilities or talents and to testify his policies or solutions really work out.
不知道是不是因为你破题的思路不是太好，所以写的时候头绪比较乱，这使得二三段的内容上稍显重复。有些句子的代词比较难明白，有些短短的句子两三层从句，这样不太适合读者的理解。后面希特勒和罗斯福对比的例子不错；不过第二段的论据太宽泛，我觉得应该用一个比较具体一些的实例，如果简简单单的抽象描述恐怕不够给力。

yzl_1988UID: 2372248

5# saybia1993 写起来是挺烦人的，同感啊。

DorisMaUID: 2929531

In the long history of the development of human beings, ethics and morality have always been evaluated as the most significant element in conducting oneself, especially in some traditional countries, like China. But do they play important roles in being an effective leader? My answer is, definitely, yes.

To begin with, let's turn to the relationship between the quality and the sociability. Common sense tells us that a person who fulfils high moral and ethical obligations is capable to make many sincere friends. The reason is not difficult to understand. Since we all want our friends to be the ones who could be modest, honest, and generous and all the other good qualities. In my observation, nobody would like their friend to be fraudulent or cunning, say with poor timber. Meanwhile, a friend in need is a friend indeed. Thus, true friends could possibly lend a hand to us when we need their help. And the more true friends we own, the more help we would gain, which means we are more sociable. Therefore, morality and ethics are the basic principles in social intercourse.

Then, let's come to the definition of the word effective. What is an effective leader? To my understanding, an effective leader should firstly own a good relationship with his/her subordinates or his/her colleagues. Since nobody is a perfect man. We could never be able to fulfill all the tasks without any flaws and take all the aspects into consideration. Under such circumstances, what we need is others' suggestions or help. But who should we turn to? The best candidates are the colleagues and the subordinates since they also understand your troubles and might consider the problem from a brand new view point. At this time, if they are reliable to us and they are also willing to provide help, then we could be called effective leaders, since we could tackle problems more timely and with full perspectives, say two heads are better than one. Then how could we get others' help? We should turn to what we have discussed above--sociability is the key to get their help and support. And naturally, morality and ethics are of great significance. In other words, the higher ethical and moral standards one maintains, the more effective a leader he/she could be. And this principle functions well in both business and political realms.

In business world, effective leaders are generally the ones who could not only make the maximum profit for the company, but also turn the company into a well-organized one. In order to reach the first standard, in the long run, one should never pose a deceptive image in front of the public; instead, he/she should always hold the good reputation for both the consumers and partners. Countless lessons tell us that the ones which could not operate for long are not honest enough; while on the other hand, the present successful companies like the Sony in Japan and the Apple in the US are all good examples which have good fame in public. As for the second standard, we could find that sociability mentioned above could help organize the company well. Thus, we could see that a leader with high efficiency should maintain high moral and ethical standard.

It is the same within the political realm. Noble figures like Gandhi, Mandela and Martin Luther King have already shown us how their respected moralities and ethics have infected their people at that time. And failures of the leaders such as the Hitler in German and Qinshihuang in China, have also told us that their leadership could never last long without humanity and their fame could be tarnished for the following generations.

To sum up, an effective leader in both business and the political realms should always maintain the highest ethical and moral standards. Only in this way, could their power last long and they be respected by others.

改楼上的~~
What are the merits an effective leader, especially a public official, should possess? The author argues that an effective leader must maintain the highest ethical standards. In my opinion the highest moral standards is not a necessity for an effective leader, however, many other merits such as wisdom, honest, good communication ability together with ability to execute and organize are the key to become an effective leader.
When facing the question: what should an effective leader possess. Many would blurt out the consistent on the highest ethical and moral standards of human kind. They might argue that public officials are the pilots leading the direction we public towards, thus their decision would greatly affect our current life and incoming future. If leaders do not maintain the highest ethical and moral standards, we may be misled to the wrong direction. However,(这个用的重复了，可换为nevertheless) by analyzing abundant data of our previous history, I find that maintaining the highest ethical standards are(is) not a necessity for public officials to become an effective leader. Some effective leaders, like President Nixon or President Clinton, have sex scandals which surely are against our moral standards. Although suffered from Watergate Scandal, President Nixon performs pretty well in his term of service. He pulled the American army from the marsh of war in Vietnam, saving thousands of lives of American people and millions of dollars for the taxpayer. Also he established the diplomatic relationship between the US and China, which greatly benefits the US in both politic field and economic field. So was President Clinton, who booms the US economy in his term of service. Other effective leaders, who may not have sex scandals, infringe moral standards in many other ways. Take President Franklin Roosevelt as an example. President Roosevelt led the US economy into a new booming form(from) the Great Depression by his New Deal, which apparently shows his wisdom of an effective leader. Also, he commended the formidable army which chases(chased) justice by fighting against Nazi in both Euro and Pacific. Such a good leader also ordered the application of two nuclear booms in Japan, killing millions of civilians.(这一段的例子虽然举得都很好，但是有一些例子我觉得还是不能说明leader是effective的，比如Nixon和Roosevelt的，他们只能说在某些方面对国家做出了很大的贡献，但有些时候，他们不道德的举动已经遭到人们的唾弃，Nixon甚至因此辞职，这怎么可以说是effective呢？克林顿的那个例子还不错)
While the highest ethical standards are not an（去掉） essential for an effective leader, what should (an) effective leader posses? In my opinion, an effective leader must have wisdom, honest, good communication ability together with ability to execute and organize. For a leader is the pilot who leads our direction, (这个是两句话了吧？)the wisdom to foresee and to make effective strategy(trategies) in overcoming difficulties is very important. We can see the importance of foresight and beautiful strategy on President Roosevelt and his New Deal. Also, an effective leader must be honest to earn the trust of his people. We can tell the formidable power of trust from Churchill. Being honest to the public, Churchill earns the support from every citizen in Britain by which support British government finally obtains the victory against Nazi. The ability of communication, execute, and organize are also very important. Good communication ability can help the leader in（to） find what is the main problem in his team. Without knowing where there is wrong, it will be impossible to fix the problem. (The下同) Ability to organize the team accelerates the efficiency on the whole by putting the right man to the right position. Ability to execute is most basic to become an effective leader, for the accomplishments come after the procedure. Without a good ability to execute will lead little accomplishments.
In conclusion, an effective leader, especially a public official, does not need to maintain the highest moral standards. Instead, they should be an honest man（这个不算道德吗？） with wisdom and foresight who also possess good communication ability together with ability to execute and organize.

文章总体来说写的不错，思路清晰，例子丰富，说理也很到位，但有个别地方，也许是我们理解的不同，提了一些拙见，仅供参考~~~

zoezjwUID: 2903541

Public officials are to a government what parts are to a machine. The primary duty of public officials is to make sure the government in which they work can function well for the social welfare. So an effective public official should have capacity to fulfill that duty at the first place, and as I think, the highest ethical and moral standards are not indispensable for him or her to be effective.

While I can hardly agree with the statement above, I do hold the view that public officials ought to abide by certain, but not the highest, ethical and moral standards. It is almost impossible for a person who bears no sense of ethics and morality to be elected or appointed as a public official. The citizens or the authorities are all clear about the fundamental standards that government officials should meet. Without basic ethical and moral limits, the abuse of privilege and power would break down the whole governmental system.

However, the highest ethic and moral standards are far beyond the necessity for the effectiveness of a bureaucratic official, which largely depend upon his or her capacity to place skills at the service of the public. Imagine a mayor who succeeded in lowering the unemployment rate by carrying out an effective policy, but was accidentally caught having an affair and lying to his wife. From where I see it, the mayor can be defined as an effective official though he lacks faithfulness to marriage, which deserves condemnation. As such, sometimes flaws in personal morality do not blockade the functioning as a public official.

In addition, a public official who holds the highest ethic and moral standards may find it difficult to perform his duty effectively under some specific circumstances. It is known that in order to deal with urgent problem, the government often needs to put forward some policies which could sacrifice the interests of certain groups of people. Now an official, who carries great empathy for the sacrificial, happened to be assigned to execute that sort of policy. What should he do? To keep his high moral standard and refuse to harm those poor people will result in dereliction of duty, let alone being effective.

In conclusion, public officials should follow basic ethical and moral standards, but do not need to be saints, given that their major responsibility is to serve the public instead of being a model of ethical and moral perfection.



改楼上~
In the long history of the development of human beings, ethics and morality have always been evaluated as the most significant element in conducting oneself, especially in some traditional countries, like China. But do they play important roles in being an effective leader? My answer is, definitely, yes.

To begin with, let's turn to the relationship between the quality and the sociability. Common sense tells us that a person who fulfils high moral and ethical obligations is capable to make many sincere friends. The reason is not difficult to understand. Since we all want our friends to be the ones who could be modest, honest, and generous and (加of 或 with） all the other good qualities. In my observation, nobody would like their friend to be fraudulent or cunning, say with poor timber. Meanwhile, a friend in need is a friend indeed. Thus, true friends could possibly lend a hand to us when we need their help. And the more true friends we own, the more help we would gain, which means we are more sociable. Therefore, morality and ethics are the basic principles in social intercourse.

Then, let's come to the definition of the word effective. What is an effective leader? To my understanding, an effective leader should firstly own a good relationship with his/her subordinates or his/her colleagues. Since nobody is a perfect man. We could never be able to fulfill all the tasks without any flaws and take all the aspects into consideration. Under such circumstances, what we need is others' suggestions or help. But who should we turn to? The best candidates are the colleagues and the subordinates since they also understand your troubles and might consider the problem from a brand new view point. At this time, if they are reliable to us and they are also willing to provide help, then we could be called effective leaders, since we could tackle problems more timely and with full perspectives, say two heads are better than one. Then how could we get others' help? We should turn to what we have discussed above--sociability is the key to get their help and support. And naturally, morality and ethics are of great significance. In other words, the higher ethical and moral standards one maintains, the more effective a leader he/she could be. And this principle functions well in both business and political realms.

In business world, effective leaders are generally the ones who could not only make the maximum profit for the company, but also turn the company into a well-organized one. In order to reach the first standard, in the long run, one should never pose a deceptive image in front of the public; instead, he/she should always hold the good reputation for both the consumers and partners. Countless lessons tell us that the ones which could not operate for long are not honest enough; while on the other hand, the present successful companies like the Sony in Japan and the Apple in the US are all good examples which have good fame in public. As for the second standard, we could find that sociability mentioned above could help organize the company well. Thus, we could see that a leader with high efficiency should maintain high moral and ethical standard.

It is the same within the political realm. Noble figures like Gandhi, Mandela and Martin Luther King have already shown us how their respected moralities and ethics have infected their people at that time. And failures of the leaders such as the Hitler in German and Qinshihuang in China, have also told us that their leadership could never last long without humanity and their fame could be tarnished for the following generations.

To sum up, an effective leader in both business and the political realms should always maintain the highest ethical and moral standards. Only in this way, could their power last long and they be respected by others.

文章主旨明确，结构清晰，可能有点小问题的就是二三段的开头，let's...这种比较口语，适合演讲时用，写学术文章，尽量不要用这种句式。
段落开头最好用topic sentence 体现出这段的中心，关于这点我也是经常受中文写作的影响，正努力转变中。。。。