argument 122习作，求批改

antowaUID: 3054536

用时30分？差不多。没改过，大伙帮着看看呗。。。The argument draw a conclusion that  in hospital we should use the UltraClean Soap because it can reduce 20 percent in patient infections .It may  be plausible at first glance ,however if we considered further the argument is fraught with unwarranted and oversimplified assumptions .

  Firstly, it is said by speaker that the ultraclean soap can reduce 40 percent of harmful bacteria .However ,he failed to provide the further information about the controlled lab which did the research and then draw such a conclution .It is quite important .It is reasonable to make an assumption that the lab who making such research is mere small lab and can not repesent the majority in the fields ,or even the result the lab released is complete  wrong ,and mistakenly used by the advertisers with purpose.Without the further informations ,the assumptions are all reasonable .

  Secondly,they said that the soap can kill 40 percent of bacteria ,but the speaker does not say what kind of the bacteria it is .There are so many bacteria ,however ,although the soap do kill the 40 percent of them , the bacteria it kills may exert an unsignificant influence to the inflection .More over ,it is also possiable that the bacteria the soap kills may help to reduce the inflection ,thus the conclusion should not be supported by such assumption .The abcence of the information make all assumptions above plausible.

  Lastly ,the test the speaker cites only takes place in Worktown .It is not sure  that the test can represent the whole countries .And the test may be taken only once and  not sure it is the justified .It should arise further consideration,with incomplete evidence.

In sum ,without the further infomation ,the speaker can not make such a conclusion that hospitals may use UltraClean soap.

panmingming2008UID: 2535351

没有处理题目要求：discuss... alternative explanations...plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument

先要梳理出题目的整个 原有推理链条：
结论：病人感染下降20%的原因（或解释）是使用U soap
理由：一是U soap杀菌作用更好；二是W医院报告的病人感染下降（20%）
证据：对应于理由一的证据是controlled lab study；
         对应于理由二的证据是最近的测试-医院报告。

梳理之后，你看看，证据是否支持结论？对于证据所呈现的“事实”，还有什么其他可能解释（题目要求你要做的事情）？

举例来说，你上面的response 没有考虑到一个基本要点20%的下降可能是由于其他因素造成，比如 report 不真实，visitor也参与test，严谨吗？或许是最近病人数量减少也可能导致感染下降， 或许是医生比以前洗手多了（不一定用U soap）也可能使感染下降，或许这所医院没有使用u soap（证据没有提供这方面的信息），等等。

一旦你能想出其他可能的解释，（原文没有为原推理提供严谨充足的事实信息），而这些解释又能“符合常理”可能存在，那么就能rival the proposed explanation（与原有解释对抗）--换句话说，会削弱原有论证的可靠性。

antowaUID: 3054536

2# panmingming2008 你说的很对！