【TPO每日阅读小组】+sillyds作业贴

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坚持&不懈

3.9  tpo17  错题：7/42

第一篇

Spices were the most sought-after commodities.Spices not only dramaticallyimproved the taste of the European diet but also were used to manufactureperfumes and certain medicines. But even high-priced commodities like spiceshad to be transported in large bulk in order to justify the expense and troubleof sailing around the African continent all the way to India and China.

6. It can beinferred from paragraph 2 that spices from Asia were desirable in Europe in theMiddle Ages because they

○wereeasily transported in large quantities(前文提及需要新的技术来transport，因此easily transported错)

○couldnot be produced in European countries(不明白，只能用排除法选出)  

  ○couldbe traded for products such as perfumes and medicines(与原文不符were used to manufacture perfumes)

  ○wereexpected to increase in value over time(没提及)
错选：A  正确：B

现在还不是很明白哪里看出是B？既然需要进口就是不生产--合理推断

第二篇

Other species take into account the changingconditions of light by performing their visual displays only when the light isfavorable. A male bird of paradise may put himself in the limelight bydisplaying his spectacular plumage in the best stage setting to attract afemale. Certain butterflies move into spots of sunlight that have penetrated tothe forest floor and display by opening and closing their beautifully patternedwings in the bright spotlights They also compete with each other for the bestspot of sunlight.

5.According to paragraph 3, butterflies move into spots of sunlight in order to

○warmtheir wings in order to open them(没提及)

○competewith each other

○takeadvantage of favorable light conditions on the forest floor(不明白，文中讲move into spots of sunlight and display就是take advantage of？)

○imitatebirds of paradise(没提及)

错选：B  正确：C

第一句提及take into account the changingconditions of light by performing their visual displays only when the light isfavorable，然后举了两个例子birds and butterflies

做题的时候牢记每一段的主旨句，分论点是什么，注意段落的结构后面的例子也是为分论点服务

Very little light filters through the canopy ofleaves and branches in a rain forest to reach ground level—or close to theground—and at those levels the yellow-to-green wavelengths predominate. Asignal might be most easily seen if it is maximally bright. In thegreen-to yellow lighting conditions of the lowest levels of the forest, yellowand green would be the brightest colors, but when an animal is signaling, thesecolors would not be very visible if the animal was sitting in an area with ayellowish or greenish background. The best signal depends not only onits brightness but also on how well it contrasts with the background againstwhich it must be seen.

6.According to paragraph 4, what is true about light that reaches ground level?

○Itreveals only the yellow and green colors animals use to signal each other.

○Itreflects the yellow and green colors to make the floor as bright as sunshine.

○Itcamouflages animals whose natural colors are yellow and green.
   (原文只是说not be very visible没有说明是camouflage，这两个颜色是用来signaling而不是natural colors)

○Itconsists mostly of yellow-to-green wavelengths.(直接改写at those levels the yellow-to-green wavelengths predominate)

错选：C  正确：D

第三篇

Parasitism is a kind of predator-preyrelationship in which one organism, the parasite, derives its food at the expense of itssymbiotic associate, the host. Parasites are usually smaller than their hosts.An example of a parasite is a tapeworm that lives inside the intestines of alarger animal and absorbs nutrients from its host. Natural selection favors theparasites that are best able to find and feed on hosts. At the same time,defensive abilities of hosts are also selected for.

3.According to paragraph 2. which of the following is true of the action ofnatural selection on hosts and parasites?

○Hostsbenefit more from natural selection than parasites do.(没有此比较)

○Bothaggression in predators and defensive capacities in hosts are favored forspecies survival.(不明白，只能用排除法选出)

○The abilityto make toxic chemicals enables a parasite to find and isolate its host.

○Largersize equips a parasite to prey on smaller host organisms.

错选：A  正确：B

这题还是想不明白这里aggression in predators怎么看出来？

For example, Australia during the 1940 s wasoverrun by hundreds of millions of European rabbits. The rabbits destroyed hugeexpanses of Australia and threatened the sheep and cattle industries. In 1950,myxoma virus, a parasite that affects rabbits, was deliberately introduced intoAustralia to control the rabbit population. Spread rapidly by mosquitoes, thevirus devastated the rabbit population. The virus was less deadly to the offspring of survivingrabbits, however, and it caused less and less harm over the years. Apparently,genotypes (the genetic make-up of an organism) in the rabbit population wereselected that were better able to resist the parasite. Meanwhile, the deadlieststrains of the virus perished with their hosts as natural selection favoredstrains that could infect hosts but not kill them. Thus, natural selectionstabilized this host-parasite relationship.

5.Which of the following can be concluded from the discussion in paragraph 3about the Australian rabbit population?

○Humanintervention may alter the host, the parasite. and the relationship betweenthem.(把alter看成after，无语)

○Therisks of introducing outside organisms into a biological community are notworth the benefits.

○Humansshould not interfere in host-parasite relationships.

○Organisms that survive aparasitic attack do so in spite of the natural selection process.(现在还想不明为什么选这个，可能觉得其它选项也不对只好选这个)

错选：D  正确：A


Another example of mutualism would be the bull'shorn acacia tree, which grows in Central and South America. The tree provides aplace to live for ants of the genus Pseudomyrmex. The ants live in large,hollow thorns and eat sugar secreted by the tree. The ants also eat yellowstructures at the tip of leaflets: these are protein rich and seem to have nofunction for the tree except to attract ants. The ants benefit the host tree byattacking virtually anything that touches it. They sting other insects andlarge herbivores (animals that eat only plants) and even clip surroundingvegetation that grows near the tree. When the ants are removed, the treesusually die, probably because herbivores damage them so much that they areunable to compete with surrounding vegetation for light and growing space.


10.According to paragraph 5. which of the following is NOT true of therelationship between the bull's horn acacia tree and the Pseudomyrmex ants?

○Antsdefend the host trees against the predatory actions of insects and animals.

○Theacacia trees are a valuable source of nutrition for the ants.

○Theants enable the acacia tree to produce its own chemical defenses.(没有提及产生化学物质)

○Theants protect the acacia from having to compete with surrounding vegetation.

错选：A  正确：C

14.Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage isprovided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices thatexpress the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belongin the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passageor are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.

Symbiotic relationships involve the interaction of twoor more organisms acting as partners.

Parasitic relationships involve the interplay ofaggression by the parasite and resistance and adaptation by the host.漏选

The structure of biological communities dependson the types of relationships that exist among the species within.(错选，the structure of biological communities不是文章的主要内容)

正确选项分别概括三种关系，说明选项之间并列

sought-after广受欢迎的//justify the expense and trouble of sailing//obliterate擦掉，除去//conspicuous, noticeable显著的//inflate, enlarge使膨胀//impediment,obstruction阻碍物//ritualized仪式化//spotlight聚光照明，使公众注意//inadvertently,unintentionally非故意地


另外，补充听力和阅读120情况
听力120  错题：9/34
第一个L错了4个，长对话错1个
跟读没有完成