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1. "We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own; disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning."
通常,我们从与我们意见相同的人身上学到的要比从那些与我们意见相悖的人身上学的东西要多得多;(因为)意见不统一会带来压力并且阻碍学习。
Whether we can be benefit more from people who holding the similar views with us or from ones who is the opposite is a topic that is needed to clarify. Some people may agree with the former, while the other the latter. In my assessment, when the conflict comes, neither takes automatic precedence over the other.
Psychologically speaking, people all tends to learn something from the people whose views we agree with or discuss a topic with upholders. In this circumstance, people would feel happy and open hearted to share their own opinion or evidence with votaries. Political affair tells much upon this view. As we know, a Party likes to sit nearby, the more the better, those who hold the same politics while exclude the opposition, through which they could expand their Party’s influence and strengthen their power.
Nevertheless, a circumstance surrounded by an air of praise, concurrence, and endorsement may cause another hidden trouble that we see no imperfection on us and, moreover, encourage a sense of blind confidence. This is an inevitable consequence if people always associate with proponents. Like those ancient autocratic empire, the king cannot endure even a little opinion from the objector who, if they had submitted their suggestions, would have a pessimistic end.
In this case, an opponent probably react a role of scrutiny because knowledge can be profitable only after some preliminary propositions have been accepted, and some of those propositions have been violently opposed. Another saying that could support this view well is that the person who knows you much is your enemy, because if one doesn’t know where he is wrong, his enemy will tell him. Take the winner of war as an example: all winners defeat the enemy for the reason they catch the ignorant part of the enemy. That is to say, we can learn much totally different idea that may be real useful to us from our opponents.
But would one like wholeheartedly to accept or even merely listen to those opinions the opponent hold? Common sense tells us that people unexceptionally will generate a sense of reluctance when they hear someone violently criticize what they praised elatedly just now. So the most significant point in this condition is a broad heart and an open mind to contain those, probably, sarcastic words so that one could really get abundant and useful ideas and suggestions.
In sum, people can be benefit from both the supporter and the objector, without which people will attain unilateral information and consequently, could not learn an objective way of study. |
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