no8 的两道题

olalaleeUID: 3390521

The social sciences are less likely than other intellectual enterprises to get credit for their accomplishments. Arguably, this is so because the theories and conceptual constructs of the social sciences are especially accessible: human intelligence apprehends truths about human affairs with particular facility. And the discoveries of the social sciences, once isolated and labeled, are quickly absorbed into conventional wisdom, whereupon they lose their distinctiveness as scientific advances.
This underappreciation of the social sciences contrasts oddly with what many see as their overutilization. Game theory is pressed into service in studies of shifting international alliances. Evaluation research is called upon to demonstrate successes or failures of social programs. Models from economics and demography become the definitive tools for examining the financial base of social security. Yet this rush into practical applications is itself quite understandable: public policy must continually be made, and policymakers rightly feel that even tentative findings and untested theories are better guides to decision-making than no findings and no theories at all.

olalaleeUID: 3390521

19.        It can be inferred from the passage that, when speaking of the “overutilization” (line 11) of the social sciences, the author is referring to the
(A) premature practical application of social science advances
(B) habitual reliance on the social sciences even where common sense would serve equally well
(C) practice of bringing a greater variety of social science disciplines to bear on a problem than the nature of the problem warrants
(D) use of social science constructs by people who do not fully understand them
(E) tendency on the part of social scientists to recast everyday truths in social science jargon

olalaleeUID: 3390521

20.        The author confronts the claim that the social sciences are being overutilized with
(A) proof that overextensions of social science results are self-correcting
(B) evidence that some public policy is made without any recourse to social science findings or theories
(C) a long list of social science applications that are perfectly appropriate and extremely fruitful
(D) the argument that overutilization is by and large the exception rather than the rule
(E) the observation that this practice represents the lesser of two evils under existing circumstances
答案A E

EnolateUID: 3283311

这两题都是在第二段，第二句开始连着是三个例子例证social sciences被过度利用。紧接着 YET, this  RUSH into practical applications is itself quite understandable这句解释了过度利用的原因
在这里作者认为过度利用是rush的，很多结论和理论都是tentative& untested，可是不依靠这些理论又让人不放心：有据可依总比没有强
那么很明显：19题所说的过度利用就是从untested这个角度来考虑的，A
20题confront应该是对比的意思，我一开始以为这篇是说underappreciation of the social sciences和their overutilization的对比（待遇差别好大），第二段开头还有个contrast= =。。。 其实不是。。最后一句是20题的出题点，E的意思大概是practice(overutilization)是两害中不利后果比较小的一个（两害是指“过度利用理论”和“无理论可依”）

olalaleeUID: 3390521

Enolate 发表于 2013-2-1 22:45
这两题都是在第二段，第二句开始连着是三个例子例证social sciences被过度利用。紧接着 YET, this  RUSH in ...

谢谢了   感觉自己还是对有些细微的词 理解把握的不好~~~

EnolateUID: 3283311

olalalee 发表于 2013-2-2 20:29
谢谢了   感觉自己还是对有些细微的词 理解把握的不好~~~

不客气 共同进步: )