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The Recommendation Letter: a Reluctant “How-To”
When I first started exploring the application process from the perspective of non-native English speakers, I understood the basic reasons as to why people deserved a little help navigating the complex application process. In the U.S., many professors will help undergraduate students to apply to graduate school. I, myself, asked for advice and recommendation letters from several professors when I first applied to graduate school.
When I first learned about the patterns behind recommendation letters that non-native English speakers must follow, I was initially appalled. I found that people often write their own recommendation letters! It sounds like fraud to me!
However, as I began to understand the context more, I changed my opinion. U.S. applicants benefit from the assistance of professors who are already familiar with the system in which they are sending their undergraduate students that they help. The same professors who teach U.S. undergraduates will also teach U.S. graduates, so they know what other programs are looking for and how to phrase the student’s accomplishments. Without this HUGE advantage, international students are suffering a big disadvantage during the application process.
When I was working as an attorney, I learned that U.S. Judges sign motions and orders into effect that are written by the attorneys themselves. In other words, to make it easier on the busy judges, the lawyers from either side will write the specific statements that magically gain legal force. The judge observes the situation and decides among which of these pre-written memos are most appropriate.
After getting to understand the challenges that non-native English speakers face when applying to graduate school, I realized their solution is similar to that of the U.S. Judge. Many of the foreign students have AMAZING experiences, yet their managers are very busy or do not have a strong competency in English. However, they often read English and are willing to read what their best workers or interns have written about their own experiences at the job, even if it is in English.
The best recommendation letters I’ve worked on will tell the following story:
- What the recommender does / what their job title is
- How he or she first met you and what their initial impressions might have been, usually revealing some initial assumption of weakness in some skill set or category
- What you did on the job
- What it was obvious you learned on the job and/or what skills you really developed
- How you improved on the job
- How dedicated you seemed while on the job, complete with stories about how hard you worked
- When considering all of the above, why this recommender truly believes in your personal statement’s story of:
o How and why you developed your skills in the first place
o How you learn while doing your tasks
o How and why you have the passion, hard work, and dedication to do great in the type of graduate school programs to which you are applying
o And finally, how he or she believes that you will have a great career overall
ALL RECOMMENDATION LETTERS EVER essentially follow that formula. The art in a recommendation letter is in identifying the best and most relevant stories to create that perfect match between where you are at in your education, your maturity, and your potential long-term career and what the school offers, considering its philosophy and target students. I know that’s a ‘mouthful,’ but it’s a complex recipe indeed.
Returning to my perspective in participating in this process, I believe that any English translator helps out both the recommender and the applicant by helping to tell those stories in a quick and efficient way. The thing I love most of all is when I’ve seen the recommender agree with the applicant’s story, after a long translation (and understanding) process that really comprehends that story. These recommenders are often very important, powerful, or busy people, much like U.S. Judges, so when they agree with the story you and your translator have crafted, it’s a very special moment that causes any ethical issues to fade away. These brilliant, busy, but not necessarily amazingly English-speaking businesspeople and academics simply do not have the time to achieve the weight and persuasiveness that their perspective should carry. They should be given the curtesy to sign off on someone else’s translation. It’s the only way anyone on the other side of the language barrier can hope to compete with the U.S. student with his or her professor’s support.
The Western recommendation formula is simple. It demands that the reader know the basics of the recommender and asks the recommender to really sell the applicant’s story through his or her own experiences. Most powerful people are so busy that they have trouble remembering the whole story, but if you remind them and translate it to English for them, they will agree and carry all the persuasiveness their experiences and positions should have.
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