雅思小作文精讲--剑桥图表--线图 B7T2

喵呜~UID: 3339380

目录贴见：https://bbs.gter.net/thread-1620851-1-1.html


二楼：中文思路
三楼：范文分析
四楼：翻译练习

喵呜~UID: 3339380

这是一道典型的线图，而且趋势也很简单，让我们自信心爆棚的开始吧。再声明一下，第一步确定X轴和Y轴以及第二步分析图形，两者均是采用标准的图形分析法，对所有图表均是一致的（流程图和地图除外），而第三步确定框架确实图形本身的特征来做。

第一步：确定X轴和Y轴
线图
X1 有序变量 年代 1979-2004
X2 无序变量 食品种类 鸡肉、牛排、羊肉、鱼肉
Y  绝对变量 人均消耗质量

第二步：分析图形
按X2轴分析
当X2为beef时
起始点为225，终点为100，降幅为125
当X2为lamb时
起始点为150，终点为55，降幅为95
当X2为chicken时
起始点为150，终点为250，涨幅为100
当X2为fish时
起始点为55，终点为50，降幅为5

按X1轴分析
当X1为起点时
欢迎度排名 beef, lamb chicken, fish
当X1为终点时
欢迎度排名 chicken, beef, lamb, fish

第三步：确定框架
从图形的特征来看，趋势很明显，chicken成上升趋势，而其他均称下降趋势，并且其中的beef, lamb两者变化的线条基本上是平行的，那么由此确定可以分为chicken一段, beef, lamb一段, fish一段。范文作者将起点情况还作为单独的一段。

喵呜~UID: 3339380

题目
The graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004.

开头段
The graph illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.
经典的题目改写，上次谈到的是将题目的名词词组改写成从句，而这句就不同了，改写仍旧是名词词组，让我们来一起看看，本段添加了change in the amount of, 任何信息均谈的是“变化情况”，consumption of sth 改写成sth consumed, consumption , consumed为过去分词作后置定语

主体一段
In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week.
本段都是说明起点的情况，先说牛排的情况，说明了两点，消耗量和受欢迎的程度。
by far [adv] 与形容词或副词的比较级和最高级连用，表示强调程度的差异，注意by far有个独特之处是，既可以放在形容词或副词比较级或最高级的前面，也可以放在它们的后面，如 It is by far the best film that I have seen for a long time.
It is the best film by far that I have seen for a long time.
With介词短语表示补充

Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar quantities (around 150 grams,) while much less fish was consumed (just over 50 grams).
用while表示对比，把lamb, chicken和fish的情况均作了说明，而且一个much less说明了fish的不受欢迎

主体二段
However, during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively.
说明了beef, lamb的下降趋势，由于beef和lamb的下降趋势类似，因此放在一起将

The consumption of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50 grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable.
fish情形说明了三个特征：下降，欢迎度最低，消费量很稳定，其中逻辑连接词为 下降，so although 从句表欢迎度最低，主句表消费量很稳定
表示下降的趋势 fall to+数字，decline to + 数字
fall dramatically to 用dramatically修饰
decline, but much less significantly to 用but much less significantly

主体三段
The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989.
说明chicken的上涨趋势，表达为show an upward trend
overtake 表明了两个交叉点，如果是“被超越”，这句就可以改成being overtaken by

By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per week.
说明了chicken的终点，注意这里运用了had soared to过去完成时态，不是表示过去的过去，而是表示过去的完成状态

结尾段
Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over the period.
典型的一句话总结，chicken, increased 而 other foods, decreased

遣词造句
这时一篇经典的线图范文，无论从图形和范文结构都很有代表性，写法上采用总分总的写作框架，大家需要好好体会

表示增长下降的表达, 还需注意修饰这些变化的词
fall dramatically to;  decline, but much less significantly to,  decrease
show an upward trend, soar to, increase dramatically;
overtake

注意修饰数字的词
about 225 grams, ,approximately 100 grams,  almost 250 grams
just over 50 grams , just below grams

本文的主题就是消耗，和B6T1一样，也存在消耗的多样表达
225 grams consumed, consumed过去分词作后置定语
lamb and chicken were eaten,  eat的被动式作谓语
fish was consumed,   consume的被动式作谓语
the consumption of beef and lamb, consumption名词

喵呜~UID: 3339380

ZHAN