paper based的一题官方题

钰剑乘风UID: 3279007

Historian F. W. Maitland observed that legal
documents are the best—indeed, often the
only—available evidence about the economic and
social history of a given period. Why, then, has it
taken so long for historians to focus systematically on
the civil (noncriminal) law of early modern
(sixteenth- to eighteenth-century) England? Maitland
offered one reason: the subject requires researchers to
“master an extremely formal system of pleading and
procedure.” Yet the complexities that confront those
who would study such materials are not wholly
different from those recently surmounted by
historians of criminal law in England during the same
period. Another possible explanation for historians’
neglect of the subject is their widespread assumption
that most people in early modern England had little
contact with civil law. If that were so, the history of
legal matters would be of little relevance to general
historical scholarship. But recent research suggests
that civil litigation during the period involved
artisans, merchants, professionals, shopkeepers, and
farmers, and not merely a narrow, propertied, male
elite. Moreover, the later sixteenth and early
seventeenth centuries saw an extraordinary explosion
in civil litigation by both women and men, making
this the most litigious era in English history on a
per capita basis.

11. The author of the passage suggests which of the
following about the “widespread assumption”
( )?
A Because it is true, the history of civil law is of
as much interest to historians focusing on
general social history as to those specializing
in legal history.
B Because it is inaccurate, the history of civil
law in early modern England should enrich the
general historical scholarship of that period.
C It is based on inaccurate data about the
propertied male elite of early modern England.
D It does not provide a plausible explanation for
historians’ failure to study the civil law of
early modern England.
E It is based on an analogy with criminal law in
early modern England.

答案是B， 我可以找到原文对应。可是当时我选的是D，我做题的时候没有回去仔细看，觉得D能很好的反映作者对widespread assumption的看法啊，为什么不对呢？

mailliw1UID: 3206693

plausible的意思是看上去有道理但本质上没道理，文中的这个assumption就是possible but inaccurate,符合选项描述

crazyrobinUID: 2368627

D错在Historian's failure，没有failure, it only takes historian a long time to focus on the civil law case.

另外plausible在这里的意思就是reasonable & sound, 不要用中文的“看上去合理”来理解。

小硕鼠UID: 3411565

crazyrobin 发表于 2013-8-28 10:09
D错在Historian's failure，没有failure, it only takes historian a long time to focus on the civil law ...

有个问题……plausible是看上去合理，那是不是可以直接翻译成不合理？

crazyrobinUID: 2368627

小硕鼠 发表于 2013-8-28 11:25
有个问题……plausible是看上去合理，那是不是可以直接翻译成不合理？

这个adj是中性的，你要看他形容什么词
A plausible explanation --- reasonable
A plausible pretext ----- specious
A plausible gentleman ----- superficially appealing (注意这里没有negative connotation)

中文意思害死人

小硕鼠UID: 3411565

crazyrobin 发表于 2013-8-28 11:36
这个adj是中性的，你要看他形容什么词
A plausible explanation --- reasonable
A plausible pretext ...

看到第三个例子跪了= =

谢谢！

钰剑乘风UID: 3279007

crazyrobin 发表于 2013-8-28 10:09
D错在Historian's failure，没有failure, it only takes historian a long time to focus on the civil law ...

这个细节好小。。我一般看文章脑子中就只有支持和反对两种态度。。。谢谢啦

Leon-WangUID: 2772364

个人觉得：这个assumption尽管本身是一种错误的assumption（后来人们发现这个假设是错误的，之前没发现），但是不妨碍作者将这个assumption作为历史学家们neglect这方面subject的一种plausible explanation。所以D其实是意思反了，是一种杂糅的干扰选项。

zhihongUID: 3478307

我觉得楼上的回答太注重细节了。之前我也这么想过，我也选了D选项。但是觉得GRE的题目不会出得这么模棱两可。
我认为其实这个assumption本身其实提供了一个 a plausible explanation for historians’ failure to study the civil law of early modern England. 只是作者后面用其他论述和证明推出这个解释不是一个plausible 的 explanation。我觉得这就是D选项错误的原因。
而细看B选项肯定是对的。因此选B

zhihongUID: 3478307

zhihong 发表于 2013-10-13 02:01
我觉得楼上的回答太注重细节了。之前我也这么想过，我也选了D选项。但是觉得GRE的题目不会出得这么模棱两可 ...

也就是说，这个assumption 提供了一个plausible explanation， 但是后来作者证明了这个explanation（或者说这个assumption）是错的。

crazyrobinUID: 2368627

zhihong 发表于 2013-10-13 02:08
也就是说，这个assumption 提供了一个plausible explanation， 但是后来作者证明了这个explanation（或者 ...

如果作者认为这个explanation是错的，那么D的wording完全没有问题。
不管作者是不是觉得当时他plausible
还有对于你说的太过细节，事实是我在备考LSAT （ law school admission test) RC时候经常见到阅读理解的这种错误。
这是程度的问题。Historian只是neglect这个过程，答案说成failure是非常明显的程度错误trick

saltybodyUID: 3468673

8楼的解释是对的。我再更直白地解释一下吧：张三今天11点才起床，一种可能的解释是张三认为今天是周末，但事实是今天不是周末。在这里张三认为的东西是不符合事实的，但是他这样子认为还是可以解释他11点起的行为，换句话说，真正能解释张三起的晚的是他认为今天是周末的这种想法，而不是他认为的内容的正确与否。这样的例子太多了，我出门带伞是因为我以为外面下雨，但其实外面没下雨，但“我以为”可以解释带伞这个行为。同样回到文中，这个widely assumption可以解释历史学家没研究民法，而就算这个assumption 假设的内容是错的，也不影响历史学家这样子去假设。因此D选项是反了。

Caroline575104UID: 3655521

saltybody 发表于 2014-12-12 10:18
8楼的解释是对的。我再更直白地解释一下吧：张三今天11点才起床，一种可能的解释是张三认为今天是周末，但事 ...

哇塞，你说的好好啊。。。。这样的逻辑关系那么复杂都能推的出来

amyxinxinUID: 3679720

各位大神能解释一下为什么选B吗？二者之前没有因果关系啊。。。B的原文对应不是它的否命题吗？

若如此UID: 3649064

amyxinxin 发表于 2016-2-21 18:56
各位大神能解释一下为什么选B吗？二者之前没有因果关系啊。。。B的原文对应不是它的否命题吗？

童鞋..你挖坟了..这是13年的帖子..

The author of the passage suggests which of the
following about the “widespread assumption”

注意首先要读懂文章...widespread assumption是作者反对的观点..

这个assumption认为early modern (sixteenth- to eighteenth-century) England had little
contact with civil law...

事实上, 文章下半部分说到:But recent research suggests
that civil litigation during the period involved
artisans, merchants, professionals, shopkeepers, and
farmers, and not merely a narrow, propertied, male
elite.
也就是说其实是很多人contact with civil law..

所以B 作者它不正确, Because it is inaccurate,

the history of civil law in early modern England should enrich the general historical scholarship of that period.        
civil law的历史应该在那时期充实了学术研究(  翻译比较拗口,就是说实际上civil law 在历史上很多记载,对研究历史的人很有帮助的意思)