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Issue68
" People make the mistake of treating experts with suspicion and mistrust,no matter how valuable their contributions might be."
提纲:
1 支持应该怀疑,原因:可以发现原来理论中的错误,建立新的正确的理论。
2 有些人为什么怀疑: 怀疑权威,建立自己的理论可以为自己赢得威望 (从正面阐述)
3 不能无缘或者只为了名利而怀疑(从反面阐述上一段的内容)
正文:
Descartes, a famous philosopher, said:" One should doubt about everything one comes across in order to pursue the truth, and doubting in itself is a activity of thinking." And he also put forward the idea:" I think, and therefore I am." As Descartes said, I fully advocate that people should have the courage to treat experts with suspicion and mistrust, no matter how valuable their contributions might be, of course, as long as their suspicions are not groundless. And I also disagree with those people who doubt about experts with no reasons or solely in order to win reputation.
Human society is developing all the time, and this development is just resulted from the fact that people who are brave enough to doubt about the former experts overthrow many outdated or incorrect conceptions. If a person always conforms to conventional ways of thinking or to conventional practices, there is little chance for the person to acquire some breakthrough in certain field. As is known to all, because of the limitation of people's conceptions or scientific equipment, many former popular views or conceptions are completely or partially wrong, and these views or conceptions provide the people who are ambitious an access to success. Galileo is a case in point. Above all, he is a man who experimented, who despised the prejudices and book learning of Aristotelians, who put his questions to nature instead of to the ancients, and who drew his conclusions fearlessly. He had been the first to turn a telescope to the sky, and he had seen evidence enough to overthrow Aristotle and Ptolemy together. He is the man who climbed the Leaning Tower of Pisa and dropped various weights from the top, who rolled balls down inclined planes, and generalized the results of his many experiments into the famous law of free fall. Nowadays, we all know that Galileo's theory is right. But if there were no people to doubt about false ideas that Galileo once objected, maybe people nowadays don't know about the truth. Therefore, doubting about the thoughts or conclusions of experts is a strong power which may become the momentum of the progress of science.
What is more, no matter conscious or unconscious, successfully overthrowing a former expert can help the person win worldwide reputation and establish his/her own theory system. Many famous scientists such as Galileo, Copernicus, Newton and Einstein are just cases in point. Consequently, by encouraging young people to doubt about experts, young people’s interests in science can be cultivated and their passion can also be aroused. Thus, there will be more people who are willing to enter into the scientific world.
However, I am strongly against the point of view that the only incentive of treating experts with suspicion and mistrust is to gain reputation or profit, which is immoral and is a blasphemy to the spirit of science. The purpose of doubting about experts should be to find the mistakes in former theories and make further progress in science or society and getting reputation is only an accompaniment of it. As a result, it is necessary for people to establish a right attitude towards experts and doubting about experts.
The progress of society needs people to continually abandon the wrong and outdated opinions or ideas and in the meantime to establish new theories and put forward new perspectives. Hence, it is very important and necessary for us to foster the ability of doubting about experts rationally and scientifically. |
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