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发表于 2004-2-27 17:58:06
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第一段史学家与考古学家的比较,我觉得还应再斟酌,历史学家就是半个考古学家,不然为什么总听到这样的报道:“在某某土堆下面发现的瓶瓶罐罐对研究某代历史有参考价值”?
我的观点跟你的正好相反:不管历史学家手头的资料有多么复杂,他依旧讲的是“事实“。不过我的文章差好远了,你就当看看另一种观点好了
My article:
Although they can never know the past directly, historians’ responsibility is to reconstruct the historical events as accurately as possible by analysing and interpreting all documents on hand. Therefore, most professional historians are objective.
Generally speaking, the work of a historian is to let people understand what had happened in a certain time in the past and what such time's impact on today's lives is. In their research, conserved documents such as old records, books published at that time, letters and all things that can say something about the past. It is a common sense that the earlier that the time is, the less historical documents can be handed down. Therefore, not every epoch has enough records to tell people and historians what was it like. However, people still have their own history constructed by historians. If all historians are storytellers, people will have no so-called history and what they have are only historical novel and imagination. Surely, such inference is groundless.
In fact, to distinguish the essence of the issue presented by the author, people must admit the fact that sometimes for lack of meaningful evidence, historians have no choice but to make assumption about what on earth had happened. While such assumption has essential differences form the creative enterprise of storytellers. Those storytellers imagine some inexistent stories in order to abstract audience or interpret a concept. Nevertheless, historians make some deduction to prove the existent fact that may took place in a certain time. Moreover, such assumptions are built on the base of the knowledge, experience, trends, the hint of trace and scientific, objective deduction. For instance, no one has exactly known how Hitler died in 1945 because of only two adust bodies were founded in the relic. But after the careful research over a long period of time, historians finally conclude that those two bodies are just Hitler and his lover with the help of the records of Hitler’s dentist. While, many other people suspect that Hitler don't commit suicide at that time and escaped abroad. The latter suspicion does be more interesting but unfortunately lacks of sufficient evidence. Through this example, people can realize that storytellers can create some abstracting "facts", but as responsible founders of history, historians have no right to juggle the fact proceeded from whatever excuses or reasons.
To be exclusive, people must acknowledge another fact that there do be some irresponsible historians who consider the exploring of history is a creative enterprise rather than an objective pursuit. Under this case, they should be called storytellers or poor storytellers. And also, among those outstanding historians, there are some cases that they are inclined to put their own prospective on historical issues. So, as an efficient historian, one should not only contribute his enterprise to the fact but also struggle with his own subjective views which beyond the fact.
As a conclusion, people should always have an objective attitude towards the interpretation from those historians and only by this way, people can impel the development of historical research. (504 words) |
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