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2004爱让我舍得为你放弃（续二）——GRE作文之黑色生死恋
（序曲——太阳之泪）
注：本故事是silentwings一个不知其名的朋友的经历，由silentwings根据其口述整理而成，其中人物皆用化名。
火车开入无锡站的时候，方才淅沥如梭的雨竟转瞬消残的干干净净，借着些许车窗上匍匐下淌着的液滴折射而入的几缕阳光，我艰难的从厕所边的走道上撑起身来向外眺望。快到家了，瘫在这班异常拥挤的民工车上，灰头土脸，衣衫不整，还携着一只装满教材的鼓鼓麻袋，我已经渐渐把自己从这里迷失了。肚子已经在鸣金抗议了，若是不久前，现在我应该正站在买饭的窗口前朝着队尾张望，不管多久，我知道她总会出现，正像方才的那场太阳雨一样。
“快看哪！小魔女又来买饭啦！”“是哎！她也真倔，叫人帮她买一客不就行了！她这样子，将来怎么出国！”话未尽，一个娇柔蹒跚的身影开始射入我们的视野，尽管来这儿才几天，但是我想我永远也忘不了她周身素黑的打扮，乐观而坚毅的神情，清秀而通透的笑容，以及她泻流直下的霜白长发，一切都对比的那么让人触目惊心。“大师兄”说也许她身上天生熔铸着难以抗拒的病理缺陷，作为一个女孩，她真的没有权为她的美丽作出抉择。我不同意，就在这么多陌生而千篇一律的定论中，她日复一日地身体力行来一个一个地推翻。终于有一天，当我目测到不久饭菜就要售空之时，我毅然买了两盒。我清楚记得她那时一闪而过的忧郁眼神，宛若上古手扶琵琶远嫁塞外的王昭君，但瞬时她就用一丝紫罗兰般的淡彩化解了。她真的很倔，一直排到她时感谢上帝真的粮绝了，她才无奈地吐吐舌头，抱起我给她买的那份，走向门口。快到台阶时，她踩到了润湿的地砖上，朝着前方踉跄了两步。“小心！”我喊到。“你怎么知道我叫小欣？”她惶惑地瞅着我。“啊？哦……我叫小刀！”我挠着平头不好意思地应道。
努力着让自己不要再想起午餐时的大鱼大肉，否则我怕支持不住跳下火车去跟那群正在车窗外兜售零食的小贩们拼命。车子快开出无锡了，列车员已经在锁门了，他一走或许我还可以把剩下这唯一的半根烟抽完。小欣，真的对不起，我答应你戒烟的，不过我发誓让我把这最后的半截为你抽完我就真的彻底戒了，好吗？我从濡湿的上衣口袋里掏出“恭贺新禧”的烟盒，轻抚着打开，抽出了平睡在底的那半支久违的烟和火机，“喀嚓”一声晨昏的车厢中冒出了一个火星。
“你抽烟啊！你，真是的……就是不高兴也不该抽烟啊！”小欣撅起了小嘴，一把夺过我手上的烟，在花坛边的水泥护栏上将火摁灭了。“小刀，走到今天终于要跨入出国留学的第一步了，怎么还有那么多的失意和放不下呢？”“那你呢？难道你就没有为你那天生的残疾而懊丧过吗？小欣，你该知道，我的GPA成绩，我的学术背景，我的普高出身都将令我在申请上面对多少艰难？你知不知道！”“小刀，you wanna give up! If so, you are the ultimate loser!你以前推崇的精神哪儿去了！”她失望得将她刺眼的长发甩碎在了身后，大步远去。“小欣！”，她站住了，没有回头，“为什么你不把你皱曲的白发剪了呢！她不适合你啊！”“是的，可是毕竟我想让自己知道我是一个真真正正的女孩子！”她转身向我投以自信爽朗的一笑，优柔而从容。我抱着头闷了一会。“小欣，我一个北方的朋友曾经告诉我以前在北方她看到一个寒风中挣扎着的乞丐她也会窜出凌云壮志，可是到了南方之后，这种气宇就被缓冲殆尽了。我同样害怕这种阻力而选择了GT之路的挑战，我怕被这种无为的燥热蒸腾掉！”“小刀，你应该醒醒了！来，把你的烟拿出来！”我迟疑了一下，随即把烟盒递给她。她接过去，把剩下的都清空，把那半支塞了进去。“这半支我替你保存，答应我，别抽了，OK？”“I swear!”
小欣，你也在路上吧！对，你是个真正的女孩子，你是。为什么你总是那么坚强，坚强的让所有人都被削弱的那么消瘦。当我无意告诉你走路摇摆的如此笨拙时，你一点也没在意我对你自幼腿患麻痹病史的无知，你只是坦诚地对我说我很诚实。你颊上的那抹嫣红让再坚强的人都抵不住眼泪的决堤。你还不让我哭，我告诉你这不是哭，是楼上滴下的空调水湿化了我。你指着干净的天空问我哪来的空调哪来的水，我说也许是太阳雨吧！你不信，你为什么不信？小欣，你看见了吗，刚才那场太阳雨下得真的好大！
“小伙，别抽了！那儿盯着你了！”身边的一位好心的民工师傅操着生硬的国语提醒我道。“快完了，就是即刻把我拉去枪毙也得让我抽完那！”我笑道，接着深吸了一口，顿时腾云驾雾之感遍布全身。
“给你，记着别抽烟了，你答应的哦！”在开往火车站的公交车站上，小欣携着同样的笑容把烟盒递还给了我。“不会了！”我接过来，打开看到了那残存的半支以及我心爱的火机。“我要走了，你不用送了。”小欣，作为一个在这20天中唯一的知己朋友，你为什么还是那么固执？最后，你似乎终于作出了妥协，把联系方式装入信封塞到了我的手中。你记得吗？当你的手抚着我的肩膀跟我拉勾一言为定10年后在美国哈佛广场再见的时候，我真的被你的自信，执着和乐观震撼了。看着煞有介事约定着的你，我戏噱着说行，就是偷渡俺也会准时赴约的。你白了我一眼，不放过我道是不是又对自己没信心了，我说岂敢岂敢。这次，你没有笑。“再见了，小魔女！”“再见了，小刀手！”你走了，你蹒跚上车离去的一刹那都没有回过身来，我告诉你那时太阳很烈，绝不会有太阳之泪的，不会的。当汽车载着你的身影消失在我的视野中的时候，我坐在站台上，小心打开你给我地址的信封，一张枯瘦的苍白纸条舔着一撮沧桑的白发滑落而下。小欣，我不再想对你说什么了，因为说什么都太迟了，何况我没什么可说的了。
“请要在镇江站下车的旅客做好准备，列车前方到达镇江车站。”我挣扎着要扛起麻袋，向车门走去。当我正欲甩手扔掉烟头时，一束光线投影其上，我忽然看到了一行细小镌秀的字体：“YESTERDAY CAN BE ONCE MORE”。我，一下子释然了。小欣，不管我能否真的去哈佛广场，我知道你就是我生命中的那滴太阳之泪，永远如此清纯，如此飘柔，如此灿烂。
小欣，太阳雨再起的时候，你会不会愿意降落在我的肩膀上呢？
（GRE作文之最后反恐——silentwings在环球西文培训学校上的讲座）
大家好，欢迎大家来选择我的GRE作文的最后冲刺讲座，作为唯一的一个客座嘉宾，我感到很荣幸，特别是后排还有许多站着的同学。我最怕作这种正式的讲座，因为我有个过敏症：看见美女我会头晕目眩，看见恐龙呢我又会吐泻不止，请大家原谅我的用词，哪位是女权主义者课后可以传唤我出庭打官司。于是，我有个习惯，就是喜欢闭着眼睛讲课，我在学校时跟初年级学生上课时也是这样，喜欢徜徉在自己思维的海洋里。好！我们呆会儿将来个GRE作文大串讲，这是个先例，我自认为。大家手里的材料就是ISSUE的分类题库，我们将马上带领大家在随后的2个小时中过一遍这244题，难题给出思路和部分范文，使大家对着最新印象上考场取得满意的分数，是我这次义务讲座最大的心愿。OK！Let’s do it!
GRE作文的备考后期，无论考生的水平达到怎样的一个水平，时间一到，必须上阵。临阵磨枪虽然常被许多老一辈的“革命家”所不齿，但是对付GRE这只异常凶猛的匪类，再好的狙击手都不能掉以轻心，就像我在这篇GRE作文攻略的最后部分给出的标题一样，我们已经买了游戏的入场券，已经没的选择。如果你是个高手，可以随机应变，不必吓的躲在后面观察时事，但是相信GRE不比CS，很多人都是第一次玩，也不排除玩多次仍然是菜鸟的人存在，比如我自己，那么“事先踩点”很重要，这里我要说的就是简单的四个字——“钻研题库”。很多心急如焚的读者纷纷问笔者，“我还有XX天了，怎么安排呢？我还不行哪！”现在我明确告诉读者我的策略，即研究题库的方法和步骤，并提供一些参考示范和总结。由于每个人的背景和知识体系不尽相同，因而想要面面俱到是不可能的。
1． ISSUE题库研究：
ISSUE是我们考试的主要难点，45分钟的反应中很难在考场上作出相当理智和清醒的回应。因此，我们必须将考场上的时间转化为平时的时间，即事先准备来逮她。相信很多读者都猜到了，不错就是每种类型都准备自己的观点和素材，考试时用自己的回应和组织原则进行拼接。虽然这个违背了我提倡的写作宗旨，但是我知道这是场考试，这是场战斗，我们即使有再高的水平往往也无用武之地，就像以前看徐克的《黄飞鸿》时，对其中的一句对白很有感触，“中国人的功夫再好，也抵挡不住洋人的洋枪洋炮！”那么如何研究？这时我们必须回到原来的分类上来，将其放到一起研究来对比总结和归纳，将“鹤立鸡群”的题目抽出来单独研究和记忆，而大部分题目据我研究和统计大同小异。要在考试前全部将题库做一遍是不现实，也不必要的。我们要做的就是读懂想通每一道题并思考出自己的理论框架，那么考场上只要在框架中塞些实体就可以了。下面我带领大家快速有效的过一遍分类题库，主要是熟悉一下素材和内容。这个分类题库用的是上海新东方傅顺贤的版本，归类的不是特别严谨和科学，我们下面看了再说。有颜色的题是机经反复出现的重点题，至于对题目的具体写作提纲我没有给大家，只是就论题的一些个人思路和注意点提出来供大家最后在复习浏览题库时做参考。大家还是要结合自身的思想来记忆自己的写作思路，不要偏听偏信，否则这样会禁锢大家自己的思路，所以大家可以参考我的《2004爱让我舍得为你放弃》，有效运用套路自己分析构思，这里时间关系我只会在有些难题上提一下。下面我们开始：
教育
5. "A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer."
国家规定课程和学校选择，注意规定的是基础，选择的侧重选修和地方特色就可以了。
34. "Instead of requiring students to take courses in a variety of disciplines—that is, courses ranging from the arts and the humanities to the physical and biological sciences—colleges and universities should allow students to enroll only in those courses that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields. Such concentration is necessary in today's increasingly work-oriented society."
课程选择应趋向就业而不宜广泛。注意教育是培养全面复合型人才。
39. "The intellectual benefits of attending a university or college are vastly overrated: most people could learn more by studying and reading on their own for four years than by pursuing a university or college degree."
自学优于在校学习。否定，自学必要，学校提供教育手段和学习资源，学习气氛。
42. "Because learning is not a solitary activity but one that requires collaboration among people, students of all ages will benefit academically if they work frequently in groups."
个体学习与集体学习。做QUALIFY，个体能够独立思考，集体能够融合团队智慧。
47."Society does not place enough emphasis on the intellect—that is, on reasoning and other cognitive skills."
社会不重视智力因素。层层深入式展开：从当前教育来看，教育系统重视学生的认知和记忆能力，教育更多只是单方面的传授，如历史，哲学等，而这个是社会片面强调“记忆型人才”的后果。当今很多企业中令总裁头疼的问题之一就是创造性人才的短缺，许多征募回来的“优秀毕业生”根本只会按部就班，唯令适从。拿智力因素中的推理来说，是一个管理人员必备的素质，书本上的只是永远都是以前的一种案例参考，相较于今天永远都是落伍的。所以推理让我们以所知来解决所未知，社会要发展不是依赖所知，而是要靠开发所未知。而这是个循环的过程，未知变为所知后才能继续向前开发，因而认知能力也是必不可少。认识不清跟没有认识一样危险！非智力的灌输只能让人陷于从前的淤泥里驻留而埋没。
这道题很能考察我们的思维能力和理解能力。首先审题注意忽略的主体是“社会”，不是“教育系统”，千万注意！我们可以从当前社会的一个组员——教育入手引出问题的根本，然后有效利用题目给出的两个提示性要素——推理和认知大做文章，有效各自展开。这样文章就比较容易上手了。注意我们检验文章是否回应正确的方法：题目问社会重视智力因素吗？你说当前教育不重视，导致社会上很多管理人才缺乏推理，认知能力，但是今天的社会仍在这种情况下不自觉地进行着这种恶性循环。可见问和答是匹配的。有效利用题目给出的信息，特别是列举是全面有效回应的好方法。
50."In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach."
员工课外实践。有利于理论结合实践，跟上潮流，注意有些课程很难完成社会实践，如哲学。
51."Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."
教育应满足每个学生的需求。不可能，教育需要两者的协调。
52."Education encourages students to question and criticize, and therefore does little to promote social harmony."
学生质疑的好处。质疑不是吹毛求疵，提问本身是创造能力的体现。
53."College and university education should be free for all students, fully financed by the government."
学费应由政府承担。应该一分为二看，对于贫困学生可以考虑政府和社会资助。
55."Competition for high grades seriously limits the quality of learning at all levels of education."
竞争限制学习效果。竞争有了进步，恶性竞争才会产生不良后果。
57."The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is much richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience."
书本知识比实践更丰富。书本的知识都是由实践中而来，实践中的东西回到书本才会有其应有的深度和广度。
67. "Colleges should require students to engage in public-service activities in order to assure that each student receives a balanced, well-rounded education."
参加公益服务有益于全面教育。社会责任心也是教育侧重的地方。
78. "Schools should be required to teach the essential interconnectedness of all human beings and thus help eliminate wars, cultural clashes, and other forms of conflict."
学校应教授人际关系。冲突都是在人际关系不和中产生。
80."All students should be required to take courses in the sciences, even if they have no interest in science."
所有学生都应该学习自然科学。自然科学在生活的各个领域应用广泛，包括艺术。
86."Young people should be encouraged to pursue long-term, realistic goals rather than seek immediate fame and recognition."
年轻人目光应远大。安于现状，让人不思进取，年轻人有更长的路要走。
90. "College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that interest them rather than seek programs that promise entry into the job market."
学生要鼓励学习兴趣课程。参考34，51。
94."Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study because acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly educated."
学生应该学习外专业知识。学科间相互连锁，如生化，物化，计算数学等。参考34，80。
98. "Colleges and universities should offer more courses on popular music, film, advertising, and television because contemporary culture has much greater relevance for students than do arts and literature of the past."
现代艺术的学习很必要。艺术给了人审美和创造力。参考80。
100."The pressure to achieve high grades in school seriously limits the quality of learning. An educational environment without grades would promote more genuine intellectual development."
分数的压力限制学生的学习质量。参考55。
102. "For better or worse, education is a process that involves revising the ideas, beliefs, and values people held in the past."
学习是个修正过程。学习不仅修正，而且了解和创立。
106. "All students should be required to take at least one course in ethics, even if taking the course means a decreased emphasis on academic subjects."
学生应修伦理课。智力因素代表不了健康的人格健全，伦理因素决定着一个连法律都管制不住的道德问题。对比80，98。
112. "Some educational systems emphasize the development of students' capacity for reasoning and logical thinking, but students would benefit more from an education that also taught them to explore their own emotions."
学校侧重开发情感而不是思维。情感让人学会在学习中排除恐惧，获得精神力量，思维让人具备探索的工具和武器。参考47。
117. "The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience."
与57几乎一模一样，表述没有本质差别。
128"It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. In reality, however, formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free."
教育为了思想解放，而如今正相反。参考47，112。
134. "Students should be encouraged to realize that mental agility and rhetorical skill must be accompanied by sincerity and the true conviction of their own beliefs."
真诚和信仰的重要性。真诚讲究实事求是，不蛊惑民心，而自信是施展个人才华的前提。
153."Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."
学生要勇于怀疑。参考52。
154."Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools. Education is too important to leave solely to a group of professional educators."
家长与社会都要加入教学队伍。家长提供思想人生引导，社会提供良好成长外部环境。
（范文）
Can the school alone assume the load of the youngsters’ education? This quite controversial question recently evokes more and more claims and appeals concerning with the challenge against the traditional role of the professional educators and the interrelationship between the professional ones and “unprofessional” ones, the group consists of mainly the students’ parents and the community where they stay at. With the continually blatant social problems coming up, the measures is so urgent to make out to put it into practice, and to my point of view, from a vast domain considering the aftermath, I hold the conviction that educators, parents and communities all can and should join efforts to create a healthy and sound learning environment for our children.
First of all, we should never look down upon the key role that professional educators play in fostering the young generation. A excellent future constructor should embrace the most complete and advanced social and scientific knowledge, most of the latter, such as mathematics, chemistry, physics, hardly can be taught by themselves or else amateurishly imparted by their parents, in some sense, is instilled gradually by our revere professional educators in the long period of school learning life, which is so crucial that constitutes tomorrow’s social statue’s found and straightly guarantee the equilibrium of social operating process. In response to evaluate our children’s learning, the school grants some certifications to them in order to evince the quality and hierarchy of the mastery of knowledge and skills. Equipped with these credentials standing for the working ability gained from the professional educators, to some extent, children then finally begin to separate from the education concatenation and step into the ocean of construction, which emblems the ends of the duty of the professional schools. Thus, whether for the real systematic scientific knowledge or merely for the precious diploma, no excuse can distract the dominant status of the professional education.
Meanwhile, both parents and communities can make significant contributions to school education, whose immense function to other indispensable parts of children’s growing routine cannot be neglected or replaced by some other counterparts. The parents offer the economic support to put children’s learning possibility into reality, also they inculcate the original learning purpose and process into the children’s pristine heart, which in their later life conducts their dealing with the problems and unknowns happened ahead or displays their behaviors and attitudes toward the communication and intervention with the community. Poor parents, poor children, not only hinting the economy background, but also the mentality and ideology, for instance, to some clinging to the faith of “money first” parents, no doubt, they will arrange the pre-law, pre-medical or pre-business courses which can be generalized as one elegant conception of “pre-rich” courses rather than being complaisant with the children’s own interests and choices, this arbitrary decision ultimately push the children into the abyss of pessimism. Similarly, the community who can construct a very genial atmosphere and exorcise the miasma of social crime and drug taken help the children better fit themselves to function in the society and get up in good shape. A authoritative survey organized by an American eminent college in New York appears that the children have a higher rate of committing some certain crimes such as smuggle drugs, murder white women, alcohol addiction whose habitat is around the centers of the crime happening than the ones who live at the skirt of the city relatively free of malign guilt. Then, no one of us can deny both the two sides should be added into the caldron filled with the arcane condiments to refine a unique panacea to cure the drawbacks of the children’s education.
From the above analysis, everybody can conclude the apothegm leading to the righteous education direction that professional educators and the parents-community group ought to surely intertwine with each other to produce the most satisfying expectations. Without the former, no power would the children gain to stretch his or her own ambition, and simultaneously without the latter, it would cause quite a lot post-problems difficult to handle, which also draw the back leg of the proceeding of the school’ s noble missions. In that the God gives us both hands, why shouldn’t we make the two full? (705 words)
155."Contemporary society offers so many ways of learning that reading books is no longer very important."
社会提供多种学习途径，读书不必要。没有理论哪能有效实践，理论知识的终端和精华凝聚在课本中。
158.The arts (music, dance, visual arts, etc.) are vitally important to students' education and should therefore receive as much emphasis as mathematics, science, reading and other mainstream subjects."
艺术与其他学科一样重要。参考94，98。
191."Education should be equally devoted to enriching the personal lives of students and to training students to be productive workers."
教育是为了培训。参考34。
201."The purpose of education should be to provide students with a value system, a standard, a set of ideas—not to prepare them for a specific job."
教育是为了提供价值体系而不是工作。参考34，191。
205."As societies all over the world have more and more access to new information, the effects on life-long learning can only be positive."
终身学习是有益的。注意终身学习会将固有的优秀传统消磨殆尽。
213."Too much emphasis has been placed on the need for students to challenge the assertions of others. In fact, the ability to compromise and work with others—that is, the ability to achieve social harmony—should be a major goal in every school."
过于强调质疑不及努力和谐一致。参考52，153。
214."Society should identify those children who have special talents and abilities and begin training them at an early age so that they can eventually excel in their areas of ability. Otherwise, these talents are likely to remain undeveloped."
社会应照顾超长儿童。
（范文）
There are some children do indeed have some gift perhaps cannot be made sense properly by scientists and educators aggregating around ourselves and needing some special care especially for their cultivation regarding the education process. Some experts ever declared against separating the talented children from the ordinary group after quite a substantial cogitation involving the impact of such seclusion, the influence exerted on their germinal heart, and the probable arrogance may it produce lacerate their later lives. However, weighing the benefits of the special care, I am apt to support the idea of providing special education to those who embrace great potentials on some subjects like arts, music, and natural science, in moral principles.
What impels and shocks me most onto such suggestion is the great waste reported thousands of times on journals and television media, which almost every time took place under the background of the innate special children performing exceptionally the first year staying with the ordinary packs but when came the graduation ceremony as far as the rear of the arrangement of transcripts he may stands, who, somebody ultimately scorned as, was a “mediocre” man. That should be, in my thought, the greatest blasphemy to these gifted children, who ought to be showed adequate respect and attention far different from other scanty of these brilliance. Most of them would surely be aggrieved just in that they step by step follow what the teacher told and instructed they lost the precious self-probity opportunities and make themselves awash under the surface of the ordinary and the banal. On the contrary, another report recently seen from yesterday’s evening paper now come into my memory is an elated story about a poor boy who was imbued with the supernal talent of playing violin was disinterred from the poor district by an experienced professor and then he was taken to the college for free and given the special face-to-face personally instruction from the best maestro group. With the auspicious chance, finally he now has grown up as a shining star above the music territory. All of these, albeit may still not enough to make any authoritative assertion, can to some extent reflect the fresh fact that the potential covered under the soul stone of our cherubic talented children are somewhat like the natural fuel source, once exhumed in the sun, it can produce astounding power but while keeping it dormant, no good but a dead wish of the god.
Taken some experiment schools adopting such children for instance, the splendid records elucidate nothing but the beneficial recommendation. In China, the famous “teenage class” constituted inside the eminent Chinese Scientific Technology University founded in Anhui province have cultivated hundreds of prodigies to be the pundits of what they excel in. As well known to the world, most of the gold medals of the Mathematic Olympic Games and other similar scientific tournaments are obtained by our Chinese teenage prodigies derived from this class. Also, quit a few top academician of the national scientific institution are the graduates of it, the immense function can be evinced from this academician’s speech,” I gained what I am looking for and the priceless courage of fumbling in the dark here, the tribute complemented to my talent and the honor paid off back to my gift refinery.”
Meanwhile, we should take care of the well-rounded education towards those gifted children avoiding the formation of the ill and biased personality. Special educations do mean some extent to distinguish from the ordinary routine but do not necessarily cut down the communication with the ordinary world we confront with every breath. Even the best technicians should also be the good civilian of the community, no exclusive person can survive longer and normally no matter how intelligent he or she is, the reason is so simple that once deprived of the opportunity of communication no exchange of emotional feels and academic ideas will consequently take place, which is essential for the sense of alive. Hence, possibly more important to appeal people’s approbation, the normal channel for communication should not be barricaded by human’s deliberately benevolent actions.
In sum, the phenomenon of the treatments to these gifted children is such a controversial one that certainly some of us, of course, might still cast some doubt on my analysis, but at least what I discussed above to some degree shake the adamantly held reverse belief, which is one of my main purposes writing such a frank issue. The other one is something naïve that I hope more and more experts should excise to discern the talented ones and emancipate them out of the tragic drop, just because every one should share the same sense that they are no doubt the unique resources the God bestowed to us and once missed no measure can be compensated for the huge loss, left only silent cries. (809 words)
222."Learning for learning's sake is an outdated concept. Today, education must serve an ulterior purpose and be directed toward clear goals."
教育要有明确目标。
223."Education is primarily a personal matter; it has little to do with school or college."
教育仅是个人的事，与学校无关。参考39，42。
228."The best way to teach—whether as an educator, employer, or parent—is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones."
教育应该鼓励好的忽略差的。应该提醒注意错误，避免再犯和酿成大错。
230."College students—and people in general—prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions. Therefore, colleges should eliminate as many choices as possible in order to offer students clear direction."
学校应减少选择给学生明确方向。学生有自由选择的权利，教育需要互动，学校的选择不见得明智。
232."The purpose of education should be to create an academic environment that is separate from the outside world. This kind of environment is ideal because it allows students to focus on important ideas without being held back by practical concerns."
教育的目的是要创造与世隔绝。学生学习是为了要踏上社会，不是躲在自我学术陶醉的象牙塔里。参考222。
236."Encouraging young people to believe that they can accomplish great things if they try hard enough is both misleading and potentially harmful."
鼓励年轻人相信自己能成大事。自信是成功的起步，正视成败必不可少。
科技与环境
7."The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become a more important form of documentation than written records."
摄象机比文字在反映现实上更重要。摄象机在反映生活的物质方面比较具体形象和直观，但是在人类的精神和文化的整体性上就有些偏颇。
23."Contemporary technology makes available many small pieces of factual information. As a result, people have become so preoccupied with bits of fragmented information that they pay too little attention to the larger issues and overall perspectives."
科技信息片段阻碍人类整体认识。注意整体与部分的关系，整体是部分的总和，整体认识是细节部分理解的前提，细节认识是整体的深化。必须两者结合。参考229。
30."The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time."
技术进步的主要目标是增加业余时间。技术是为了提高生产力和社会进步，并不是以人们的业余时间为依托，相反进步带来的更多的是更激进的提高和创造，人们的闲暇时间在缩短，时代的步伐在加快。
31."Money spent on research is almost always a good investment, even when the results of that research are controversial."
为了研究，投资值得。研究的结果总是能让人有所启示，争议也是实现进步的必要前提，深化认识的基础。
（范文）
Technology, one of the most pivotal factors determining the destiny of tomorrow, is the mainstream target our social investment shoots on, simply in that the desirous requites are so immense influencing almost every sides and facets of personal life that whether from the point of economy or culture or military it is surely worth the money and energy even purely for the purpose of human’s progress. However, as everybody might know, not a single object can always have just one bright face at any time any place, and the object cannot entice itself being astray into the deviant route unless the person grasped the authority controls the negative range of usage, i.e. the quality of technology is only marked by his user’s will. Hence, money spent on research does not automatically convert to an absolute benign investment.
Generally speaking, scientific research achievements as a result of research have made great contributions to the well being of human beings. Thanks to the born of domestic computers, we can deal with quantities of data almost at a moment of blinking eyes, once got the mobile cellular phone, people can communicate with each other at any time they wish no matter how many miles separated the both, and with the sophisticated aeronautical instruments falling down to the extant world, the long held dream of landing on the planet floating in the galaxy finally become the actuality. All of these revolutionary breakthroughs do benefit human beings immensely, without which we may still strive for the primitive counting methods, conducing to the beacon to keep in touch with the relatives or friends lived miles apart or else merely relying on the pens and paper to entrust his or her miss towards the person accepted, and no controversy will take place that in people’s ideal currents only God is living in the empyrean out of the width they can attain.
Yet there are also cases of research that threaten the interests of people, such as atomic weapons, gene virus, and the clone of human body. Among the oceans of factors contributing to the victory of modern war, the number of echelons is dragged back as a more minor one comparing with the technology, which reflecting the layer of military is the advanced level of weapons. Atomic weapon based its rationale on the achievements of atomic physics largely derived from the astounding theory of Einstein’s relativism, which stuck with the goodwill from the beginning to the end in the great physicist’s mind, but ultimately it planted a hazardous bane to the ecumenical earth as the root of thousands of innocent civilians’ death. And in the gene world today we talking most about, people are becoming more and more apprehended towards the unknown epidemic virus easily push them to the bottom of death valley at a sudden without any eccentric bode, at the same time inevitably starting to discredit the biological advancement is now like a wild horse out of bridling running to the direction of the devastation of human’s civilization. Ethical problems, too, can be evoked if the act of allowing the body clone can be let through, although equipped clone this newborn technology means we can make lots of our enamored things survive and keep our emotional concatenate continuing. So we should give enough priority to the consideration of this dimension for the items provided the large amount of investments since once missed, perhaps no expiation can be used to caulk the huge cleft resulted by this silly mistake.
Therefore, the purpose of research ought to be carefully and responsibly guided to rebel the negative effort while enhance the positive function. Recently, quite a lot regions of my hometown is now planning to build several radiation stations located in inhabitants’ blocks for the new generations of mobile domestic phone named “little well-known”, which provokes hundreds of people lived near the planning location in that they heard the prevalent words telling that the radiation from the stations might injure people’s organs and mental health to some degree, and after a discreet examine and careful analysis the experts declared that there’s nearly being no harm to people’s health meanwhile the company engineers improved the protection apparatus against the radiation around the station body, all of these at last disabuse the expostulation. From the exemplar, we should clearly recognize the necessity of the concordance between the two opposite sides, weighing the benefits from the long-range view and then can extend the advantage of new technologies cater to the people’s taste.
In general, research is a money-worth project no matter the fruits of it is good or evil, because it is not elemental controlling but indeed human controlling; the human motives brand the research its own disposition. What we should expend more energy to debate is not whether to make investments more sensible, but how we can edify and enlighten scholar’s purpose towards the most beneficial ambitions. (817 words)
40."Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society. It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem."
学者不重贡献重兴趣。学者的研究以对人们的贡献来作出评判，不管是否是他们的兴趣所在，只要能够对人们作出贡献的就应当予以支持和肯定，相反有些学者和研究者，比如恐怖主义分子制造一些他们热衷的杀人武器，如沙林毒气，核弹等，则予以阻止和否定。参考171。
44."Government should not fund any scientific research whose consequences, either medical or ethical, are unclear."
政府不投资不明确的医疗或伦理研究。并不是所有有潜在开发价值的研究都是一上来就明确且最后结果也是明确的，如哥德巴赫猜想，但是这些研究的进行使人们对这些领域的认识逐步深化，并相应衍生出许多原本不知道的知识和收获，推动了社会和学术的革命。
66."As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate."
人们依赖技术而忽略自我思考。技术只是辅助思考的工具，思考产生技术，没有思考，技术无用武之地。
68."People make the mistake of treating experts with suspicion and mistrust, no matter how valuable their contributions might be."
人们怀疑专家。专家的观点有权威性和巨大的参考价值，不容任意怀疑。但是专家也不是绝对正确，有切实证据应当予以批驳，这样专家才会保持在地位上的先进性和权威性。参考52，213，18，168。
88."Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics."
科技影响风俗伦理。注意科技只能一定程度上影响风俗和伦理，但是改变的主动权往往在人们自己的主观意识中。从人的角度说，人们很难说会作出有害于自己切身利益的事情。
107."Instant communication systems encourage people to form hasty opinions and give quick replies rather than take the time to develop thoughtful, well-reasoned points of view."
实时通信让人冲动莽撞。通信只是加快了人们交流的步伐和节奏，但是决定与否并不总是与时间相关，而是要人自己主观上的性格决定。
114."Humanity has made little real progress over the past century or so. Technological innovations have taken place, but the overall condition of humanity is no better. War, violence, and poverty are still with us. Technology cannot change the condition of humanity."
科技改变不了人的处境。改变人的处境的是从人自身的意识和行为上去入手。
121."At various times in the geological past, many species have become extinct as a result of natural, rather than human, processes. Thus, there is no justification for society to make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species."
物种灭绝不赖人。注意自然选择和认为破坏的综合影响。参考242。
124."Instant foods, instant communication, faster transportation-all of these recent developments are designed to save time. Ironically, though, instead of making more leisure time available, these developments have contributed to a pace of human affairs that is more rushed and more frantic than ever before."
新技术和发明加快人们工作生活节奏。参考30。
129."Technology is a necessary but not always a positive force in modern life."
科技必要但总不有效。科技是把双刃剑（two-edged sword）。
135."While most of the environmental problems we face result from the use of technology, society must depend upon technology to find solutions to these problems."
科技问题科技解决。同时注意要从根本的一些思想观念入手，很多问题是在运用科技中的疏忽和不重视导致的，比如白色污染和紫外空洞。
149."The most practical and effective way to protect wilderness areas is to attract more tourists to these areas through environmentally sensitive projects."
保护原始地区用旅游策略。筹集资金保护原始地区可以吸收赞助，旅游的引入一定程度上将会带来更大程度的破坏。参考83。
150."Because of television and worldwide computer connections, people can now become familiar with a great many places that they have never visited. As a result, tourism will soon become obsolete."
技术让人们身临其境，旅游业将下滑。人们旅游一方面可能是观光，另一方面也是为了散散心，放松自己。另外看到电视介绍反而刺激了广大踌躇者的决心，吸引他们实地游览。
151."High-speed electronic communications media, such as electronic mail and television, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication."
通信技术阻挡人们思想交流。多亏通信技术的快捷和便利，我们交流的面越来越广。
159."The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of human minds."
人优于机器。机器不会思考，只会按指令行事，而且没有选择的权利，人不同，有理智，有思想，有感情。
166."Over the past century, the most significant contribution of technology has been to make people's lives more comfortable."
科技使生活更舒适。
196."Technology creates more problems than it solves, and may threaten or damage the quality of life."
科技产生无法解决的问题。参考129，135。
216."Most important discoveries or creations are accidental: it is usually while seeking the answer to one question that we come across the answer to another."
发现发明纯属偶然。偶然的发现有，但是发现发明都是以明确性的探索研究为依托，没有目标的瞎撞是有违科学作风的。
（范文）
Scientific discoveries and creations are now gradually evolved into the crucial role of the potential level of human community, to most of our common sense, either form the newspaper or reportorial journals we almost always can take for granted that the fruit is merely a result of arduous efforts devoted by our revere scientific scholars. Dramatically, in fact, there are indeed some revolutionary finds born from nearly a senseless condition, i.e., the course arranger has no predicted expectation towards this contingence but instead just by accident.
If we have the interest to delve the evidence of this assertion, we can take out a thousand of convictions to pick up quite a few such invigorating sagas leading us to approbate the mysterious of natural rules. A case in point is Benjamin Franklin, an early American scientist, invented the lightening rod by sheer coincidence. Not this single case can illustrate but another case is also at hand with the too frequent phenomenon of the falling of an apple from an apple tree, which is ignored by millions upon millions of people for several centuries, but it does set Newton into thinking and finally led to his discovery of the gravity of the earth. In the medicine domain we concerned so long a time, the most-used antibiotic-penicillin, was an abruptly accidental finding as well.
While acclaiming for the great miracle of the history of these powerful creations, we ought to discriminate another factor necessary under most circumstances through the process of the research turning, the mastery of the complicated structure of the theory architecture. Although we regard those happened to come across as the “accidental”, in a sense, from the height of academy, it obviously no accidental factor functions except the destined fortune if someone would still stick to, every procedure is filled with discreet contemplation and purposive action forward. Imagine, if Newton is only a mediocre student scant of any physical and mathematical knowledge, even if he noticed the possible value for further exploitation, he also would hardly to think of putting mathematical means into application of this case to satiate his unique curiosity. Some equipped relevant theory weapons are not like some philistines might think as the decorations of academic status yet stand for actual ability to proceed for anything unknown in the near future.
However, after all, if we render the hope for important discovery focus on the center of this rare coincidence, hardly can we have the auspicious chance to welcome another germinal groups of creations mushroom from the fertile virginal ground, and the history facts ultimately demonstrates this ratiocination. To a researcher in duty, under more situations should he insist on the tasks invested for, no allowance for any tribute’s meticulous investigation for the responsibility to the sponsors, together with his persistent attitudes. In addition, it is highly probable the extra exploration can bring in additional problems deviating the norms of achievements into the backwater, which is totally should primarily be avoided. Hence, as discreet as the researchers ought to be, never recklessly plod into the gate of sideway to bog yourselves, which shapes the percentage of accidental findings relatively minor comparing to the rationally purposive research.
All in all, despite the accidental discoveries does not really occupy such a ponderous proportion of the sum recorded, yet the source of these inspirations drew from the original researches should be advocated to call adequate attention to. Meanwhile, to the long-range view, we still need to put our predominant emphasize onto our mainstream research projects, never ought to let the accidental miracle to take up the conscious ones, after all its appearance is so capricious to expect, in other words, i.e., let the “accidence” perpetuates “accidental”. (616 words)
217."In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must first study the successful work of others to learn what contributions remain to be made."
原创需要先研究成品。要原创首先需要判断自己的目标是否属于原创，接下来需要去进一步利用别人已经在相关领域的成果来加速便利自己的创造。当然某些未知领域的探索没有先例，需要自己去摸索。
219."Now that computer technology has made possible the rapid accessing of large amounts of factual information, people are less likely than ever to think deeply or originally. They feel unable to compete with—much less contribute to—the quantity of information that is now available electronically."
技术让人对信息无法深究。参考107。
220."The increase in knowledge is forcing people to specialize. As a result, the distance between fields of specialization has become so vast that specialists in different areas are rarely able to influence each other."
专业化隔阂。现在的科技发展都是互通有无，学科交叉是大势所趋，比如生化，物化等。参考4等。
233."Although innovations such as video, computers, and the Internet seem to offer schools improved methods for instructing students, these technologies all too often distract from real learning."
技术让教育分心。技术使教育现代化和多样化，分心的只是技术的一部分相关产品，比如游戏，电影和网络聊天。
237."Computers and video technology can make facsimiles of original works such as paintings and historical documents available to everyone. The great advantage of this new technology is that it will enable anyone—not just scholars—to conduct in-depth research without having access to the original works."
技术让人间接深究。有些东西需要直接在研究对象上采样和调研。
242."Societies should try to save every plant and animal species, regardless of the expense to humans in effort, time, and financial well-being."
尽力保护每一物种。自然选择不由人。参考121。
社会(包括国际关系，全球化等)
3."It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to spend it on long-term research that might help future generations."
钱要用在当前不用未来。当前利益不能延伸，只顾眼前会对未来的长远利益造成威胁。
6."The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of its youth."
流行时尚代表现代文化。现代的文化由年轻人与老年人共同组成。
11."All nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the process of solving the world's most persistent social problems."
全球大学解决全球问题。促进国际交流和理解，根除因为理解信仰差异造成的冲突十分有益。
15."The stability of a society depends on how it responds to the extremes of human behavior."
社会稳定对应极端行为。只有对极端行为加强管制，社会才能维持正常秩序，举911事件的例子。
16."Although many people think that the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life are entirely harmless, in fact, they actually prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals."
奢侈生活阻碍独立性格培养。艰苦朴素能够培养忧患意识，使人不断向前，艰苦奋斗。俗话说的好，“富不过三代”，第一代创业，第二代守业，第三代败家子（spendthrift）。
19."If a society is to thrive, it must put its own overall success before the well-being of its individual citizens."
整体优于个人。注意整体的优势在于集体智慧，个人在于独立主见，两者要协调利用。参考：42，60，141，175，194，199。
21."Reform is seldom brought about by people who are concerned with their own reputation and social standing. Those who are really in earnest about reforming a government, an educational system, or any other institution must be willing to be viewed with disdain by the rest of the world."
改革需要抛开声望。改革是一种废旧树新的活动，所谓的“旧”就是为目前大众和社会权威所认可推行的东西，代表了当前的统治力量。没有一种优势力量会通情达理的自动让位，因此改革需要付出代价，名誉，地位等等。
26."Most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of any society's past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served."
古建筑挪为今用。古建筑要被移去，标志着人们对建筑本身身后的历史已经舍弃，否则这些建筑一旦在那儿一辈子就在那儿，只要人们有保护的意识，那么无论多么艰难，都会有选择的余地。
29."Public figures such as actors, politicians, and athletes should expect people to be interested in their private lives. When they seek a public role, they should expect that they will lose at least some of their privacy."
公众人物隐私公开。要成为公众人物，就要向大众展现自己，暴露自己，隐私更应该是他们声望的助燃剂。
32. "A school or college should pay its teachers at the same rate in all disciplines, regardless of differences in salaries for related fields in the world outside of school. For example, entry-level teachers in mathematics and in the arts should receive the same pay, even if outside of school, math specialists earn a much higher salary on average than do specialists in the arts."
老师薪水一致论。应该注意按教学任务和教学时间，教学难度等多种因素综合考虑。
33."Creating an appealing image has become more important in contemporary society than is the reality or truth behind that image."
表象优于本质。表象在今天是人们判断的首要决定因素，然而本质是事物作用的根本，人们的价值观在其中徘徊。
58."The increasingly rapid pace of life today causes more problems than it solves."
快节奏生活引发问题。更多的问题是没有根据的，问题尽管是在进步中的副作用和副产品，但是解决一点就少一点，问题不会凭空产生。
60."The media—and society in general—mistakenly expect an individual to speak for a particular group, whether or not that individual truly represents the views of the entire group."
个人代表整体。个人的意见总是与整体有所出入，不能面面俱到，但是可以最大程度代表，否则议事都要集体出面是不现实的，比如中国人民代表大会，美国的议会。
72."One can best understand the most important characteristics of a society by studying its major cities."
主要城市代表一个社会。主要社会由于是政治、文化和经济等交流中心，所以可以折射一个社会或国家的主要特色，但是并不能涵盖全部，某些小城镇的特色对于全局把握不容忽视。
108."In many countries it is now possible to turn on the television and view government at work. Watching these proceedings can help people understand the issues that affect their lives. The more kinds of government proceedings—trials, debates, meetings, etc—that are televised, the more society will benefit."
政府办公开放有益。政府应该接受民众监督，上下协调才有助于更好的管理和互相理解，但是国家有权对民众保留机密。参考8。
111."The worldwide distribution of television programs and advertisements is seriously diminishing the differences among cultures."
全球传媒减少差异。全球一体化能够使国际间文化的交流频繁，弱小文化在主流文化的攻势下会出现同化，同时主流文化也会不断吸收和自我改进，从而在文化同一性上发展。
116."With the growth of global networks in such areas as economics and communication, there is no doubt that every aspect of society—including education, politics, the arts, and the sciences—will benefit greatly from international influences."
全球网络获益匪浅。方方面面展开。
130."How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society."
孩子成长决定社会命运，家长却不知如何培养。
（范文）
It is widely held the belief that children is the hope source of tomorrow’s society, owing to which the quality of education immediately take effect on the destiny of our society. Although a lot many attention have been called out and packs of innovations have been worked through, there indeed do exist some serious problems in our education system that hinder the construction of a better society in the future.
Firstly, the method we educate our children today determines the orientation of our society. Traditionally, circumscribed by the rare mechanical tools, people construct their economy, culture, and technology, perhaps all of what concerned with ordinary everyday life, on the step stone of agriculture. Thus, the familiarity of this field determines the development prospect and surly becomes the gravity center of the education, which on the contrary pushes this trend to continuity. Once upon a time, our ancestors stuck purely to the plough and hunting style of living without even a little purpose to turn to the industries and business (if exists, it is only accidental.), however, with the foreign culture and commercial mentality beginning to wander around the continent, this lagged conservative development style at once have been crushed into crumb once these revolutionary elements instilling into the drab leaves of the education systems since the incipient generation would have to see the vast potential power hidden behind the chemical experiment and the barter between the local people and the foreigners, all of which is entirely a different world filled with more challenges and opportunities to make money and accelerate the mobility of the locomotive of social progress.
Unfortunately, however, today’s schools have put so much emphasis onto the boring dead memorization and recitation instead of the original creativity. Most of preeminent schools have their prestige not only for their brilliant histories and splendid performances, but also for its unique education system. In these schools, a teacher never strives to explain his own vision; he simply invites you to stand beside him and see for yourself, according to this belief the role of teacher and student has taken place such a great change that it most of time can be interchangeable under the fact that there are really some elite students sometimes embrace the innovative solutions to the puzzles, which is even more better than the ones their teachers ever thought out. As one of my department mentors once said,” We’re truly their teachers, and so we should know much more than whom we teach, but sometimes they emulate us and make ourselves be their students, which is beyond our expectations.” With the chiaroscuro between the excellent colleges and the worse ones, the most conspicuous factor we can easily distinguish is the former students and teachers both regard the pure memorization of information as something nonsensical and vulgar, while the latter, on the contrary, take what the former hates as the greatest weapon to break through the ferocious testing barricades. Hitherto, for our community’s soundly grow up, it is high time for us to consider the amelioration of the teaching method and the shabby relationship of the student and teacher.
To make things even worse, children are often encouraged to win in whatever competitions they participated in rather than to cooperate with others for the common good of the society. As one of the famous editors of Newsweek ever said that he found very few children played sports through a relaxing and jovial attitudes, instead most of time they looked like the two military forces between whom exists the immense feud, all of them held no extra faith but victory; the righteous recognition of failure taught at school, the friendship bridged never at ease, the cooperation we adults always advocating to let them absorb, are totally collided into a debacle. The current is a hazardous caveat towards the bane of atrocious war, which seemly minor but actually crucial we ought not to neglect. Every adult holding with a heart of accountability, it’s up to you to assume the load to counterbalance the weight of children’s value system, for the children themselves, for your adoption duty, or either for your commitment of society.
Children’s socialization exerts a huge impact on the society’s destiny and the problems eliciting from the nowadays’ education as a result cannot be treated as a skit. The traditional backward teaching idea and the explosive bile abruptly erupting are both the flash dilemma we are at hands to dissolve, albeit difficulty and controversies do always block ahead, we confidently assure the final solution ultimately will buoy up to the surface of water. (764 words)
133."The problems of modern society have led many people to complain: 'We live in terrible times.' Yet, given the choice, no one today would prefer to live in any other time."
生活喜新厌旧。人们抱怨更多的想到的是现在的不足，而不会去看到现在他们的优势。
140."What society has thought to be its greatest social, political, and individual achievements have often resulted in the greatest discontent."
成功导致不满。注意每个目标的实现不可能照顾到每个人或团体的利益，总是有人获益，有人不满。
147."Tradition and modernization are incompatible. One must choose between them."
传统和现代无法协调。未必，我们可以同时共享，只要有益于自己和社会，没有什么是无法协调的。
（范文）
With the break-neck celerity of the social development, people have gradually evolved their thoughts into a newborn statement fundamentally based on the plinth of supplanting the antediluvian ones with something fresh or germinal. While it should not come to blame our people for throwing what our forebears ever had been holding for centuries into the litter bin, from our life experience too many traditional laws or regulations greatly turned into the obstacles exhausting our limited resources and time to remove, and standing on this foothold, I'm afraid, anyone who obtains the assertion-the modernization and tradition are incompatible, and in addition, accordingly one who is apt to one of them has to reject the other at the same time-is just inside our prediction. But unfortunately, I cannot have to make an agreement with such conclusion for several reasons just listed below.
Admittedly, many modern objects and views is the extension from the boundary of tradition, which means once separating from the tradition, those ones today we are pride for have no intrinsic and practical values at all. Quite a lot people cannot take hold of the view in that the transition seems so subtle that almost out of the trace we can follow. Nevertheless, let's take a familiar instance into such drab theoretical discussion, the tea culture. As all of us can discern the quality of tea, i.e. the history of discovery and cultivation of tea, is undeniably coming from the ancient ages so far away that no people here, I can take it for granted, would put the cultural drinking material into the phylum of modernization. Then the question is emerging onto the surface, why we still introduce a whole fit of equipment and assembly line to systematically produce the antique materials? The answer is not as difficult as the primary problem encountered at the beginning of the debate toward the relationship between the tradition and modernization. Most of us can answer like this, that's because we like to enjoy drinking it and it can bring about a lot of beneficial effects either to our working or life. Absolutely right. That's what I want to prove, no matter how old the objects are comparing to something coming into our life just now, only if it is beneficial, no exclusion can one make for the both.
What's more, men today have more freedom and opportunities to enjoy both the treasure of tradition and modernization. Take a consideration the moment you resort the task of seeking examples to the memory. You can sit down for a while, in a work interval, relax your tight mind with a cup of cool green tea, or black tea, the production handed down from generations long ago. And if you have some originality or imagination, to better satiate your savor and penchant, you even can exert your seminal thoughts to add a piece of lemon or orange, or decant a certain amount of Coke, which leads the tea out of the traditional gate to the passage directing to the modern. Someone might also open his computer and chatter with some friends or partners on the Internet while drinking the cup, the picture mirroring the compatibility of the modernization and tradition.
Meanwhile, many traditional things such as medical knowledge accumulated by forerunners and the cooking skills standing for the permanent feature of a particular region, can be best applied to the utility of abounding people's life activities. China has a chronically history of medicine, many of its marrows are so paramount to the research of modern pharmacology; once combining them into the modern process of production, the efficacy of the medicine and the raw materials for refinement can greatly fall down to a lower level.
To sum up, what people concern is not whether the thing is traditional or modern, instead as long as it can put into beneficial use to people's ordinary life, no things can be contradicted with each other. The only crucial task we ought to take into consideration is how to make the best use of perfecting the combination of the both qualities. (680 words)
161."In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possible for a society to regard any woman or man as a hero. The reputation of anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be diminished."
媒体摧毁“英雄”。现在的“英雄”都有媒体炒作的成分，媒体掌握着人们了解信息的渠道和判断的素材，然而真正的英雄是可以受到大众的认可的。
165."In any given field, the leading voices come from people who are motivated not by conviction but by the desire to present opinions and ideas that differ from those held by the majority."
领导来源求异。求异不是目的，创新才是关键。
170."The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general welfare of all its people."
国家富强的证明。通知者决定着后面因素发展的生杀大权。
（范文）
Much needs to talk about to correct such a controversial issue. We have to admit, relying on our enduring experience drawing from our common life, too many factors contribute to a nation's greatness growth, while what I want to emphasize here, the surest indication of this emblem, is not something like the issue persistent to-the general welfare of all its people, indeed, its rulers do be.
Not always are we living in a purlieu satisfying enough to let our scientists or artists sit down tranquilly to pick up our respective duty, instead, if the national atmosphere were under a gruesome suppression from the despotism carried out by the ruler, they would rather tramp every day and night at the fear of persecution and incarceration. The only fundamental and necessary task to them all, perhaps, for the further exploration of their innate gift, is to subvert this established regime. Or otherwise, even a single invention or discovery sparkling in this darkness would expect no widespread application and attention, not to mention to put a tile onto the substratum of the refulgence of the country.
Admittedly, albeit bringing about the havoc, only the rulers, no doubt, too, can put it into end. When people finally welcome the peace, their energy then can be gradually switched onto their ordinary focus, such as the scientific research, artistic originality, so on and so forth. A classic case in point is the prosperity after the end of internal war stems from the great leadership by president Abraham Lincoln; the economic recession rapidly awakened from the ash of cannon bombardment and as we can clearly see today, merely during the ensuing ten years, American broke through three revolutions largely pushed the nation into the hegemony status in the world, the abolitionism, the free economy and the industrial structure amelioration. All of these booms cannot even appear in the imagination in the complexion during the North-South war, for the lasso enfettering such active exponents potentially goading the general welfare, the primary sign of a great nation.
The pacific environment construction is the first step heading for the aim, then what brings the nation into ultimate grandeur requires him to continue the trend, and more important, to exert his ability onto the constant improvement, which makes the society tightly following the pace of changeable cosmopolitanism. The history of China, to some extent, do display a scroll of vivid brilliantly picture in front of us. After the emancipation of China, there is quite a long spell of time so miserable that most of our labors put their ebullience onto the nonsensical status conflicts against social hierarchy, which resulted myriad of profligacy and impairment out of compensation. Once the theory of China-character socialism primarily ejaculating in the broaden sky, the countenance of China is destined to have a overwhelming transformation; the feat, no any else civilians or someone the like, only the ruler, our revere chairman, Deng Xiaoping can make.
That's what the ruler plays in the main body of the realization of a great nation. People give their sincere accolades to their estimable ruler today for his contribution to maintain the equable order and suffuse the congenial atmosphere advocating originality and exploration, while tomorrow they might also decry his ruthlessness and ferocity for depressing the free announcement and undermining their deserved welfare, and then throw the nation once again into the abyss of chaos deviant from the route leading to what we most concern, the greatness. Here, in all, I really do not harbor the will of denying the irreplaceable functions of other possible factors as the exhibition in this issue topic, I only elucidate just one paramount fact what a ponderous degree do the rulers influence to the building of a great nation, which persuades us to have to crown the title of surest indicator onto their heads. (639 words)
185."Scandals—whether in politics, academia, or other areas—can be useful. They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could."
丑闻吸力。人们喜欢新奇违背传统的东西，丑闻使更多的人加入对社会现象的思考中来，而不是在平凡麻木的生活中沉睡。
193."It is not the headline-making political events but the seldom-reported social tranformations that have the most lasting significance."
次要变革更持久。变革是个长期的过程，有个从潜伏到突破的过程。
197."The material progress and well-being of one country are necessarily connected to the material progress and well-being of all other countries."
国家水平连锁效应。国家的水平可以依赖他国的技术和水平缩短发展过程。
198."Instead of encouraging conformity, society should show greater appreciation of individual differences."
个性求异不求同。个性造就多元化，没有个性就不会有进步和创新。
203."The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its heroines."
伟人特征决定社会特征。注意这个题目跟主要城市代表社会国家文化是异曲同工的。
210."Most people choose a career on the basis of such pragmatic considerations as the needs of the economy, the relative ease of finding a job, and the salary they can expect to make. Hardly anyone is free to choose a career based on his or her natural talents or interest in a particular kind of work."
工作择优论。必须从基本生活保障为底，然后追逐自己的天赋和兴趣。
215."The bombardment of visual images in contemporary society has the effect of making people less able to focus clearly and extensively on a single issue over a long period of time."
视觉冲击让人认识不全。大量的视觉信息会左右人们的思考判断，使人们缺乏自己独立的原则，对真相无从选择。
224."Censorship is rarely, if ever, justified."
审查不合理。对人们的思想健康负责。
244."Most societies do not take their greatest thinkers seriously, even when they claim to admire them."
社会轻视思想家。思想家往往超前意识，不被世人接受，有的还触犯领导阶层，如伏尔泰。
政治法律
8."It is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public."
政治领导应对公众保留。
10."Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive, because it is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated."
主要城市获支持。
17."There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws."
公平与不公平法律原则。法律具有强制性，公平的判断是要靠整体和时间证明的。
20."National governments should devote more of their social programs and services to children than to adults."
儿童比成人更优考虑。成人问题日益尖锐，没有良好的成人环境，儿童的成长犹如无本之木，无源之水。
24."People in positions of power are most effective when they exercise caution and restraint in the use of that power."
小心使权最有效。贪官就是反例。
43."To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."
好领导的道德素质高。没有好的素质会滥用职权，遗祸无穷。
45."Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather than unquestioningly carrying out the will of the people whom they serve."
官员应有判断力。领导的过人才能就是比民众更有远见，更明智。
56."Governments should focus more on solving the immediate problems of today rather than trying to solve the anticipated problems of the future."
政府重眼前不重未来。参考3。
69."Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"
政府对科学少加限制。对社会和大众负责，限制是必要的，如克隆技术，不管制会带来伦理危机。
79."Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other government experts, who are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public."
重大决定留给领导。参考45。
83."Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state, even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus accessible to only a few people."
政府保护偏远地区。参考149。
97."It is unfortunate but true that political decisions and activities affect all aspects of people's lives."
政治影响方方面面。
105."The true strength of a country is best demonstrated by the willingness of its government to tolerate challenges from it's own citizens."
政治力度在民众的挑战中体现。脆弱的国家不能抵挡住民众的质疑和诘问，甚至民众的叛乱也无力压制，而强大的国家往往在政治，经济和军事上的力度在这时候得到充分体现，比如金融风暴，外敌入侵。
142."The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority."
质疑权威让社会安全。参考52。
160."The most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives. Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little."
好领导要坚持。参考45。
167."It is impossible for an effective political leader to tell the truth all the time. Complete honesty is not a useful virtue for a politician."
政治不能诚实。人全说真话都是一件很难的事，为了国家政府的利益，全说真话是不现实也是有害的，当然诚信是必要的，否则会丧失信誉而遭人们唾弃。
174."Laws should not be rigid or fixed. Instead, they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places."
法律应灵活。法律固定才能让人有法可依，然而时代的变迁使法律也要不断整改和增删。
180."Many problems of modern society cannot be solved by laws and the legal system because moral behavior cannot be legislated."
法律不管道德。
（范文）
After quite a long time of exploration for substantial solution of various social problems, people finally came to take the form of legal domination. But out of their expectation so many years later, albeit the legislation system is becoming more and more perfect and broaden, no end might be anticipated to include all of the possible problems perhaps emerging here and there either today or tomorrow. Again and again they ask themselves, what on earth is the substantive root of these annoyance? How can so many laws fail to protect the proliferation of problems? And ultimately, some of them may be able to find the answer: the exclusion of moral behaviors.
Laws, from the first day being established and coming into the effect, are only used to rule people's behaviors expressed in ordinary life protecting them from the detriment to the normal operation of the whole community, but its antennae cannot elongated into the domain of moral thoughts wandering inside people's mind. For instance, any judge can sentence a man to a certain range of incarceration for his atrocious action exerted onto an old woman into an extent of injury, while he cannot convict the same crime to a man merely not willing to give up his seat to the old, in that he has not worked against the clauses of the law, but against the potential laws of morality accepted and shared by the whole society, and at the point of the regulation of morality, he commits a misdemeanor for irreverence to the old. Hence, for the case of just like the latter under discussion, the law system accordingly is far away from the anticipated perfection.
Then comes the vacancy of this dimension hastily needed to be filled in with effective strategies, due to the incompetence of the law and legal system, thus no other way can we turn to but the education institution. To deal with the field of human ideology and mentality, no weapon is weighed equivalently with the educational inculcation. A great man later predominant in our human society almost at times resort his current success to his earlier knowledge gained from either formal or informal education in public, and nowadays to our teenagers' crime the attitude our society acquiesced is the right leading of legal views and proper instillation of moral generalities, but how can the complexion today is turned out like that, the focus on the education is just circumscribed in the circle of the tiny piles of our children with the preclusion of our adults? Are our adults sacred and righteous enough to rule out any invasion of the fallacious and criminal ideas? Never! It is promising to disperse the education course convergent in the center of morality and ethos any wholesome community should stick to can obtain as evident as the prosperity of the growth of our children appeared.
Admittedly, load the package of these out-law behaviors to the education system does not mean the legal system can break away from the ally with the teaching institution. Both of the behaviors, despite the existence of the discrepancy regarding to different categories behaviors belong to, "communicate" with each other sometimes. Like commonly seen in daily life, the son of a family does not intend to afford the last half of life enjoyed by his parents at the same time has the craving to get the affluent inheritance accumulated by them for their formal half life, then the tragedy might happen when the son compelled his parents to remove all their earnings into the credit of his own without promising the compulsory commitment to take care of them. In the end, one morning, abruptly and surprisingly, he received a subpoena from the court for the prosecution from his parents. To avoid such tragic matters perform once again, it is almost necessary and urgent to bridge the joint between the two systems and let the comprehensive effects produce the most powerful strength extirpating the problems involved in the whole discussion range.
As talked so much above, not only must legal system try its best to escalate his duty onto a higher stage for stabilizing social order, but also the education system ought to associate into the solution group to function at the law-forbidden domain of morality. Once the primary measure proffered above can put into practice, I believe insofar, the social problem's extinction is just lying in the near future. (735 words)
195."The goal of politics should not be the pursuit of an ideal, but rather the search for common ground and reasonable consensus."
政治寻求大多数意见。必须在领导和民众间取得一致，民众是政策的受益者，但是领导有远见，所以都要对自己负责。
202."Unlike great thinkers and great artists, the most effective political leaders must often yield to public opinion and abandon principle for the sake of compromise."
好领导要服从民众态度。参考195，45，79，160。
历史
48."The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."
历史不由名人决定。历史是由些伟人在其中起到主导作用的，而人民大众的参与才使历史成为可能。
54."History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today."
历史与今天无关。历史的两个作用：研究事物更替规律，折射未来的道路；避免重蹈覆辙。参考103，120，125。
81."Patriotic reverence for the history of a nation often does more to impede than to encourage progress."
热爱历史的阻碍作用。热爱历史不是让人因袭传统，而是从中解剖出规律来规划发展。
84."In any field of endeavor, it is impossible to make a significant contribution without first being strongly influenced by past achievements within that field."
领域没有前果难以成功。参考217。
103."The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives."
历史与生活才有价值。历史与生活相联系的领域有价值是肯定的，然而某些过去的与今天不相关的知识也是值得人们去探索的，比如关于文化和信仰的标记等，对于一个国家的文化地位和国际声望是有意义的。
110."When we concern ourselves with the study of history, we become storytellers. Because we can never know the past directly but must construct it by interpreting evidence, exploring history is more of a creative enterprise than it is an objective pursuit. All historians are storytellers."
历史学家是讲故事的人。讲故事的人可以以自己的主观想象来组织自己的材料，但是历史学家必须以当前事实为依托，对自己的论断出示客观证据。
120."So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present."
过去认识对今天没有意义。
125."The past is no predictor of the future."
过去不预示将来。
221."The chief benefit of the study of history is to break down the illusion that people in one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at any other time in history."
历史研究让我们看清时代差别。相似的规律也是可以看出的。
226."People are mistaken when they assume that the problems they confront are more complex and challenging than the problems faced by their predecessors. This illusion is eventually dispelled with increased knowledge and experience."
知识消除现在问题较以前复杂的错觉。现在问题比以前复杂要一分为二看，对于一些诸如计算，测量等问题，由于有先进计算工具的辅助，我们处理起来远远比前人容易，然而不可否认由于知识体系的深化，我们将面临许多前人难以想象的难题。
管理（包括企业与个人成功）
2."Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society."
竞争好大于坏。竞争刺激人们奋斗进取，只有一味停留在胜败成果上的人，才会将其引入恶性的反面。
27."No one can possibly achieve success in the world by conforming to conventional practices and conventional ways of thinking."
守旧之人不成功。某些优秀的传统需要保持和发扬。参考21。
37."In most societies, competition generally has more of a negative than a positive effect."
竞争是消极的。参考2。
46."While some leaders in government, sports, industry, and other areas attribute their success to a well-developed sense of competition, a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation."
社会重合作非竞争。参考42，2，37。
（范文）
An eminent society is never short in large quantities of great leaders active in various fields covering each side of human life, and traditionally it is believed that these elites' production results from the socially welcomed form-competition. While with the development of the complexity of social work level, cooperation is exerting an innegligible influence on the growing leaderships; I still warrant the competition is the unique source of leaderships.
As we all can easily understand, being a leader means the power he embraces is largely different with other else, and at the same time he has the admiring privilege to enjoin someone else to action as what he said and thought to realize his design, which in the end is involved into his solo contributions. Nobody, I believe, would like to live under the other's feet and willingly work for other's profits heart and soul; briefly, the throne of leadership is the dream of nearly everyone. Thus comes the competition, the ferocious competition, whose aim is stuck to snatch the limited opportunity to launch a higher ascendance to higher status. And from the perspective of cooperation, the situation is not necessarily the same. Each person works as a particularly fixed position previously distributed, and until the finish of this task, no phenomenon of preeminence is emerged from this assembly line, and leadership is just like the moon in the pond.
A corroborative evidence to display this assertion is the current trend suffuses American schools as an exotic picture. No matter in what kind of activities, children today is no less than any anterior generation to concern about their performance in comparison with their coeval classmates. In the classroom presentation, the participants' behavior of caviling each other's claim gradually evolved into a campaign of defending their own belief; and in the pastime the relaxed games such as football, usually begins at a asphyxiate atmosphere like the dawn of war and ends with crying and moaning. All these signs are speaking of the prevalent existence of children's mentality for best, owing to their teachers' instilment, their parents' preachment, perhaps adding the community's propaganda, about how competition successfully mold a group after a group of admirable leaders.
Admittedly, one of the indispensable dispositions any leader should be contain is the ability to get negotiation, or make a concord with the subordinates, only then you can make best use of them to serve for you. But, we have to face the possible aftermath for idolizing this policy, between the partners they is getting more and more the sense of inalienability from each other, which seems a beneficial and inapproachable fruit, while further they will ineluctably miss themselves in the fogy forest of self-exhibition, and each one of them cannot credit him alone can do better, see farther, think wiser, than the others. If that happens, the community can make any revolutionary progress in that each similar ones ought to rely heavily on the courage and sage stems from the individual leaders not perceptible by other ordinary. Following the vanishing of distinguish, the disappearance of these impulses pushing society ahead thereby turns into a pond of backwater.
In any level of society, it is always a statement of a minority dominating the majority, which imbues the role of leader a paramount load to take responsibility to the progress of human civilization; and it is just this load requiring the most serious sifting for the apropos person to assume this task deprived of any frivolous. As a factor worthy of consideration, cooperation, after all, might immerse the talent the gifted people fit for the leadership, while competition, and only competition, can be fulfilled as the touchstone to pick out the "real gold" and let it radiate its brilliant gloss. (623 words)
64."Many people know how to attain success, but few know how to make the best use of it."
多有人成功，少有人利用成功。利用成功的连锁效应来获得更大的成功，成功不是永恒的，而是要借难得的成功来实现更大的突破，否则只是昙花一现而已。
70."In any profession—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership."
新旧更替。老的领导有经验，但是不容易适应新形势，扭转旧观念，活力不及年轻人，而5年任期给了后继者足够学习和积累经验来担当大任的机会。
75."The people who make important contributions to society are generally not those who develop their own new ideas, but those who are most gifted at perceiving and coordinating the talents and skills of others."
成功人士善用他人成果。参考217。
95."People work more productively in teams than individually. Teamwork requires cooperation, which motivates people much more than individual competition does."
团体合作激发激情。参考42，2，37，46。
99."In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options."
实践取代空想。实践能够产生实效，但是空想也是进一步开拓实践的灯塔。
141."Most people recognize the benefits of individuality, but the fact is that personal economic success requires conformity."
个体成功需要集体合作。参考2，37，42，46，95。
148."Many people admire idealism, but it usually leads to disappointment or trouble."
追求理想惹麻烦。理想是空洞虚无的，但是理想是人生奋斗的目标，只有目标的追求才是有意义的。
152."The only responsibility of corporate executives, provided they stay within the law, is to make as much money as possible for their companies."
CEO唯一任务是赚钱。作为执行官他要关注相应的其他领域，比如公司文化，员工健康状况，社会义务等。
175."It is always an individual who is the impetus for innovation; the details may be worked out by a team, but true innovation results from the enterprise and unique perception of an individual."
个人推动革新非团体。参考199及相应大量个人与团体关系优劣的题。
192."Success in any realm of life comes more often from taking chances or risks than from careful and cautious planning."
成功源于冒险。成功需要深思熟虑和周密的计划，仓促的行动往往付出惨重的代价。在没有确定形势和方向的危急情况下必要时需要冒险。
194."The best preparation for life or a career is not learning to be competitive, but learning to be cooperative."
竞争合作兼备。太多了，前面重复了很多。
211."Any decision-whether made by government, by a corporation, or by an individual person-must take into account future conditions more than present conditions."
长远不短见。参考3等。 |
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发表于 2004-3-5 13:52:39
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