Issue87-information referred to as a fact should be mistrusted

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87) Claim: Any piece of information referred to as a fact should be mistrusted, since it may well be proven false in the future.
Reason: Much of the information that people assume is factual actually turns out to be inaccurate.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based.
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原有思路：
I agree with the reason but I do not agree with the claim both in academic and social field.
As for the reason, some information that people assume is factual turns out to be inaccurate because people abstract the real information in order to building a model or people have not found the accurate information.信息不精确的原因分为两种：人为抽象和未知信息。从人为抽象方面，人们抽象信息从而建立模型研究问题，虽然不精确，但是人们可以排除不必要的因素，方便对问题进行研究。举例：物理中的质点概念，经济中的无差异曲线。从未知信息方面，信息不精确是因为研究还没有到一定水平，举例：爱因斯坦的相对论是对牛顿万有引力定律的精确化。
If the information is abstracted by people, it should be trusted even if it might be proven false in the future.抽象信息使得在该问题中不相关信息被排除，使得研究得到简化；即使在之后的其他情况下这种简化导致的不精确被认为是错误的，此处的简化信息任然适用。举例：将月球堪称质点在研究地月引力是适用，在研究月球自转是不适用，但是不能否定将月球看成质点的价值。
If the information is inaccurate because people have not known the entire information, the information now referred to as the fact can also be trusted even if it may be proven false in the future.对于目前没有完全掌握的领域，目前公认的信息对现在具有适用性。错误可能由新的变化或者新的发现证明。变化对使得一个信息变为错误并不改变这个信息在当代的适用性。举例：君主专制在封建社会有利于国家发展，在现代社会不利于国家发展。对于新的发现从而证明错误，新的发现可能对目前影响不大。举例：虽然爱因斯坦的相对论证明牛顿的万有引力定律的不精确，但是不影响牛顿万有引力定律在速度远小于光速的情况下使用，误差很小。

讨论后思路：
Any piece of information referred to as a fact should be trust in engineering fields and science fields, but not in social science fields.
In engineering fields, information should be trusted as long as it can be applied into practice.工程领域以后推翻或者证伪不会影响现在的应用价值。举例：爱迪生发明电灯使用了钨丝，即使后来人们发现了更好的灯丝材料，钨丝电灯在那个年代任然适用。
In science fields, information now should also be trusted because it can be used to explain many phenomena. 举例：相对论与牛顿万有引力定律。
In social science, however, any piece of information referred to as a fact should be mistrusted and more proof is needed because the information may be biased.搜集数据者先入为主，使得观察结果带有偏误；根据Hawthorne effects，观察者知道自己在被观察时表现会受到影响。举例：社会学中的社会调研。

感想：
Claim & Reason的题型在写作时不应该将二者分开讨论，应该将两句话当成一个句子进行审题。举例：Issue 89

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issue 92有点关联