[优秀习作] Issue169 新种的椰树，政治和道德 [复制链接]

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发表于 2004-4-8 03:55:10 |显示全部楼层

Those who treat politics and morality as though they were separate realms fail to understand either the one or the other.

提纲：
1. 同意。政治和道德虽然有不同点，但实际上并不能被孤立开来，而是相互关联的。
2. 政治和道德的概念解释，其在概念上的不同点
3. 政治利用道德作为其统治手段
4. 道德一定程度随政治变化，但也具有相对的独立性
5. 总结

It is justified that those who regard politics and morality as two separate realms do not understand either of them. I do agree with this point.  Politics and morality, though some differences could be found between them, actually are somewhat not isolated from but relative to each other.

Primarily, to understand their relationship quite needs an exact scrutiny about their definitions and realms they concerned about respectively.  Politics, which is a kind of science of government manners, mainly care for the relationships among people and groups in the societies, not only established by one single country but also by nations.  It also envelops all affairs of governing and diplomacy. On the other hand, morality is much more a metaphysical concept than politics. It is consisted of a gather of doctrines, which are formed norms to tell goodness from evil.  Morality functions as conduction to people's action and politics works to offer a living circumstance for them.

However, such difference in their interpretations of concepts is nothing but a skin-deep idea. Politics do need the assistance of morality to reach its purpose to attain most profits as possible for the governing hierarchy.  Since morality is accepted norms for the mass, politics usually utilize it to keep the stability of society.  By compelling people to take a solid kind of morality sense, which is beneficial for the governing hierarchy, as their action rules, government or politicians could unify its or their people, dwindle the objections from the mass, and establish a long-lasting control of the power. For example, the ideas of Kongzi have been adopted as the basic rules in China. What he advocated, to be committed to one's governor and to love one's homeland, would restrict people not to be insubordinate, for which it has been a potent instrument for the government in controlling people for over 2 thousand of years. On the contrast, those kinds of morality which do not stand for the profit of governors, would inevitably encounter a same fate to be banned or expelled.  A considerable amount of ideas were named heresies for this reason, whether they are or are not reasonable. In the case of Tibet before the establishment of People's Republic of China, when it was still in slave society, the morality of equality of human beings was laughed at and opposed to by the slave owners there. In brief, where there is politics, where there is morality.

In addition, morality can also be influenced by politics but sometimes it can live against politics. First, morality is not invariable and it surely changes along with the change of society, especially at the same rate of politics. For example, when England is still in feudal society, morality sense in people's mind would treat devoice as immoral. Oppositely, it is commonly accepted today and even to be considered a sign of feminine liberation. That is because of the advance of politics from feudalism to democracy, making more moral standards opening. However, when the flagrant regime Taliban was ever in charge of Afghanistan, democratic morality had to suffer from a big backslide, for example, that females would never be admitted to have educations. Second, morality is not be determined by politics totally but it enjoys some extent of independence. For example, even though Bush’s government of the United States launched the war against Iraq one year ago, and wants to force the mass to agree with it, the morality sense of the US people motivated them to go on to the streets and hold numerous processions against the war. Somehow, morality is concealed in people’s mind and direct them do what they regard correct, no matter how the politics advocates.

In sum, Politics is stringently linked with morality, so is morality with politics. The former usually utilize the latter as a tool to obtain its goals and the latter is sometimes be buttressed or deserved by the former. Their mutual effects cannot be denied and ignored when one takes a study of either. To retreat politics and morality as entirely separated realms might be only based on the ignitions about both of them. （684 words）

1个小时完成的梦想彻底破灭。这篇和小渔女的角度有些不一样。大家看看吧！没有仔细检查词句，太困了。

[优秀习作] Issue169 新种的椰树，政治和道德 [复制链接]

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