[主题活动] 7月22日同主题 issue 78 [复制链接]

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发表于 2015-7-21 19:59:39 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

78) People’s attitudes are determined more by their immediate situation or surroundings than by society as a whole.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

这道题前不久有同学考过，最好事先准备一下。
还是提醒大家要限时完成作文以及要订正语言方面的问题。

The society as a whole, the attitudes of individuals towards different issues and the immediate situation or environment interact with one another to create the complex human experience as we know it. In my opinion, our attitudes are fundamentally shaped by the society through education, media and government policies which also, to a large extent, determine the situation and surroundings in which we find ourselves.

这道题对比的是社会和周围环境对人的态度的决定性作用。这里社会的概念非常的大而抽象，不太好处理。另外，态度这个概念也不具体，需要在文章中具体化。本文的立论是借用了一个媒介的概念。就是说社会不是直接影响人的态度，而是通过一些媒介如教育、媒体和政府政策来影响。这样就将社会这个抽象的概念转化为三个更具体的概念。同时指出社会也会影响周围环境，这样就做到了回应题目的另一个关键词。

Education is an important social institution that determines our attitudes as well as our social environment. Take the simple example of priority seating in public transportation. As schoolchildren, we learned the social etiquette of offering our seats to those in need, e.g. pregnant or sick passengers. Such practices are encouraged in our education based on the golden rule: “Treat people the way you want to be treated.” Our attitudes towards our fellow passengers are shaped by this belief developed through education. Meanwhile, the society would also make sure the environment reflects the same principle that is consistent with our attitudes. Priority seats are clearly marked in buses and subway trains to remind us this social etiquette.  In other words, the society would first shape our attitudes and then design our environment that would facilitate the related practices.

主题句引出教育
举出例子很简单的生活中的例子
这个例子中教育的部分
具体展开教育部分
再指出周围的环境也配合了这种态度的形成
最后总结概括

Our attitudes are also determined by the society via the mass media and the corporations. This is particular true in today’s consumer-oriented society. Through extensive advertising campaigns, we are brainwashed into the belief that we need all the luxurious products and services to be happy. We come to believe that our value as human beings is determined by the material goods we buy as advertised in the media. Meanwhile, the society would shape our environment in such a way that shopping and buying these items are effortless. The Amazon’s 1-click ordering, for example, enables the online shoppers to place their orders with just one click without even confirmation.  Such arrangement in our surrounding, along with the advertising and promotion in the media, reinforces the attitudes we hold towards consumption.

主题句指出态度受媒体的影响
指出这里的语境是消费主义社会
广告作为媒体的一部分对人的影响
具体展开这种价值观是怎样的
在讨论社会对环境的影响
具体以Amazon为例
最后总结

Finally, the society may also influence our attitudes through government policies. In recent years, gay marriages have become increasingly acceptable in American and European societies as the governments have adopted more lenient policies towards the civil unions or marriages of homosexual couples.  Despite the fierce opposition from certain social groups, the public attitudes towards gay marriages have gradually changed from hatred or reluctance to acceptance.  On the other hand, the changes in government policies also stimulate the industries for gay romance and wedding.  New products and services become increasingly available for homosexual couples to celebrate their relationships and bonding.  Again the social environment would respond to the shift in government policies and public attitudes.
最后讨论政府政策
指出政策带来的整体社会的变化
然后指出公众态度的变化
再从周围环境的角度来讨论
展开说一些细节
最后总结

以上三个中间段基本上都是按照同一个思路来展开的，这样做的好处是写中间段基本不用动脑筋想思路，只需要想具体的例子。对于时间比较紧的考试作文来说，这是不错的策略。

In conclusion, I do not believe that our attitudes towards different issues are determined by our immediate surrounding. Rather, our attitudes are shaped by the larger society through institutions such as education, media and government, which, at the same time, would shape our social environment and make sure that it is in harmony with our attitudes and behaviors.