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[主题活动] 7月24日辨析假设的专项练习 [复制链接]

tesolchina
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发表于 2015-7-24 00:36:03 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

本帖最后由 tesolchina 于 2015-7-24 00:36 编辑

7月22日的argument练习中暴露出一个严重的问题- 很多同学对于assumption这个概念不太理解。在概括assumption的时候出现照抄或者复述原文的claim的情况。这里有必要再温习一下Toulmin模型，并针对辨析assumption进行专项练习。

argument 153
The following appeared in a memo to the board of directors of Bargain Brand Cereals.

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

One year ago we introduced our first product, Bargain Brand breakfast cereal.

Our very low prices quickly drew many customers away from the top-selling cereal companies.

Although the companies producing the top brands have since tried to compete with us by lowering their prices and although several plan to introduce their own budget brands, not once have we needed to raise our prices to continue making a profit.

Given our success in selling cereal, we recommend that Bargain Brand now expand its business and begin marketing other low-priced food products as quickly as possible.

拿到题目，我们首先要找到claim，也就是结论。

这里的结论或者claim是

游客，如果您要查看本帖隐藏内容请回复

那么这里的data有哪些呢

data 1:

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data 2:

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data 3:

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接下来要考虑的就是从data推理到claim的过程里暗含的某些假设或者规律、原则

实际上这里的data 123是要放在一起考虑的
基本的故事情节就是退出减价产品抢走客人后其他公司也减价并退出廉价品牌而公司并不需要涨价来盈利

这里面的假设包括
1. 关于其他公司的计划对BBC的影响：

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2. 关于BBC产品的前景：

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3. 关于BBC新产品的前景：

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注意这里的假设都不是复述claim或者data 而是要看到从data到claim的推理过程中一些暗含的关系
文章既然提出要扩张营业、推出新的产品，那就意味着...... 要按这个思路去考虑才能找到假设

=============午夜的分割线========================

argument 95

The following appeared in a memo from the new vice president of Sartorian, a company that manufactures men's clothing.

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

Five years ago, at a time when we had difficulty obtaining reliable supplies of high-quality wool fabric, we discontinued production of our popular alpaca overcoat.

Now that we have a new fabric supplier, we should resume production.

Given the outcry from our customers when we discontinued this product and the fact that none of our competitors offers a comparable product, we can expect pent-up consumer demand for our alpaca coats.

This demand and the overall increase in clothing prices will make Sartorian's alpaca overcoats more profitable than ever before.

相信大家可以很轻松的辨认出

claim 1:

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claim 2:

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claim 3:

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注意这种argument有三个claim 而且其中两个又是支持另一个的data

data 1:

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data 2:

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data 3:

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data 4:

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那么这里可以讨论的假设包括
1. 关于新的供应商：

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2. 关于消费者对草泥马毛料大衣的需求：

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3. 关于做草泥马大衣的成本和利润：

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==========午夜厨房惊现小强分割线======================

Argument 73

The following appeared on the Mozart School of Music Web site.

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

The Mozart School of Music should be the first choice for parents considering enrolling their child in music lessons.

First of all, the Mozart School welcomes youngsters at all ability and age levels; there is no audition to attend the school.

Second, the school offers instruction in nearly all musical instruments as well a wide range of styles and genres from classical to rock.

Third, the faculty includes some of the most distinguished musicians in the area.

Finally, many Mozart graduates have gone on to become well-known and highly paid professional musicians.

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============出完这题去睡觉分割线=======================

argument 77

The following recommendation appeared in a memo from the mayor of the town of Hopewell.

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

Two years ago, the nearby town of Ocean View built a new municipal golf course and resort hotel.

During the past two years, tourism in Ocean View has increased, new businesses have opened there, and Ocean View's tax revenues have risen by 30 percent.

Therefore, the best way to improve Hopewell's economy - and generate additional tax revenues - is to build a golf course and resort hotel similar to those in Ocean View.

这道题我不写了你们自己写吧
我写过一篇类似的 169 在博客 422楼

希望大家通过这几道题能明白assumption的含义，并尝试回帖练习写主题句概括assumption。