【515特训】绿岛： trees

yadcxUID: 93144

最初由 绿岛 发布
[B]今天做了03.8，比较受打击~
听力9个7，2 感觉小对话有点难   语法5个！ 阅读7个

语法12
12．        At its center, the sun has a density of over a hundred times _______..

以下省略...... [/B]

你需要复习倍数的表达方法之一:
n times +　名词1 +　of　＋名词2
这里名词1就是比较的对象。所以that用来指代density

yadcxUID: 93144

最初由 绿岛 发布
[B]忘了个问题，考试时填的免费送分学校是出成绩后不管你要求没有ETS都要送到学校吗？这样的话考不好的话是不是影响哪个学校对你的印象。 [/B]

是的
会有一定影响但是问题不大

yadcxUID: 93144

最初由 绿岛 发布
[B]11．        In jazz music, a riff is a simple melodic figure, _________ and repeated several times.
(A)        usually one or two measures lasted
(B)        lasted one measure or ..

以下省略...... [/B]

逗号后面是并列分词结构（lasted and repeated）做状语

treesUID: 82785

英语倍数句型及其译法


转自：中国翻译网

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样，其中有 一些（如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、（12） 等， 见圈码）很容易译错——其主要原因在于：英汉两语在
表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。现将常 用的英语倍数句型及其正确译法归纳如下：
倍数增加

(一) A is n times as great（long，much，…）as B.（①）

A is n times greater （longer， more，…）than B.（②）

A is n times the size （length， amount，…）of B.(③)

以上三句都应译为；A的大小（长度，数量，……）是B的n倍[或A比B大（长，多，……）n-1倍].

Eg. This book is three times as long as （three times longer than，three
times the length of ）that one.
这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍（即长两倍）。

注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than（as，of）B常被省去。

（二）increase to n times（④）

increase n times／n-fold（⑤）

increase by n times（⑥）

increase by a factor of n（⑦）

以上四式均应译为：增加到n倍（或：增加n-1倍）。

Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times
as compared with last year.
集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。

Eg. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against
l986．
化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。

Eg. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times.
那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍（即提高1倍或2倍）。

Eg. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four.
漏电压增加了3借（即增加到原来的4倍）。

注：在这类句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等词所替代。

（三）There is a n-fold increase/growth…（⑧）

应译为：增加n-倍（或增至n倍）。这个句型还有其它一些形式：

Eg. A record high increase in value of four times was reported.
据报道,价值破记录地增长了3倍。

（四）double (增加1倍），treble（增加2倍），quadruple（增加3倍）。(⑨)

Eg. The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled．
这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。

（五）此外，英语中还有一种用again而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方法，如：

A is as much （large，long，…）again as B.（= A is twice as much （large，long，…）as
B.（⑩）
应译为：A比B多（大，长，……）1倍。

A is half as much （large， 1ong，…)again as B.
【= A is one and a half times as much （large， 1ong，…）as B.】（11）
应译为:A比B多（大，长……）一半（即A是B的一倍半）。



倍数减少

（一）A is n times as small （light，slow，…）as B.（12）

A is n times smaller （lighter， slower，…) than B.（13）

以上两句均应译为：A的大小（重量，速度，……）是B的1/n[或A比B小（轻，慢，……）（n-1）/n]。

Eg. The hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom.
氢原子的重量约为氧原子的1/16（即比氧原子约轻15/16）。

Eg. This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper.
这种薄膜比普通纸张要薄一半（即是普通纸厚度的1/2）。

注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than/as B常被省去。

（二）decrease n times/n--fold （14）

decrease by n times（15）

decrease by a factor of n（16）

以上三式均译为：减少到1/n[或：减少(n-1)/n]。
decrease常被reduce， shorten， go／slow down等词替代。

Eg. Switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times.
新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了1/3（即缩短到2/3）。

Eg. When the voltage is stepped up by ten times， the strength of the current
is stepped down by ten times.
电压升高9倍，电流强度便降低9/10（即90％）。

Eg. The equipment reduced the error probability by a factor of 5.
该设备误差概率降低了4/5。

（三）There is a n-fold decrease/reduction…
应译为：减至1/n [或：减少（n一1）/n]。（17）
这个句型还有其它一些形式，

Eg. A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed．
发现迅速减少到1/7。

Eg. The principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in
weight.
这些产品的主要优点是重量减轻了1/2。

从上列倍数增减句型及其译法中不难看出：与汉语不 同的是，英语在表述或比较倍数时，无论使用什么句 型（除了不含倍数词的again句型外）都包括基础倍
数在内，因此都不是净增或净减n倍，而是净增或 净减n-1倍。所以句型⑤、③表示的倍数增量=句型④； 句型(13)表示的倍数比差＝句型12，且decrease（by）
3 times应译为“减少2/3”，而不是“减少3/4”。

绿岛UID: 153747

谢谢trees给了那么详细的说明，也多谢yadcx.
还有几个关于考试的问题：
1.免费的学校我不太准备写了，到时候可以空着吗？或者乱填数——有可能不代表任何一个学校的代码。
2.写作文可以用自动笔吗？用铅笔感觉一会就把头磨粗了，HB的不经写，估计5支也不够我用的！我见过有一种自动笔写出来的字跟2B铅笔差不多的，那种可以吗？

绿岛UID: 153747

11． In jazz music, a riff is a simple melodic figure, _________ and repeated several times.
(A) usually one or two measures lasted
(B) lasted one measure or two usually
(C) is lasting one or two measures usually
(D) usually lasting one or two measures
前面问过这个题了，当时说正确答案是B，说错了，应该是D，不过还是不明白。如果lasting做伴随的话，repeated做什么呢，总不会是谓语吧，如果是过去分词做后置定语，我觉得前面有个and挺别扭的。

另外还有几个问题：
1.finely什么意思，字典上没查到

2. Designers of [U]athletic footwear [/U]  finely tune each [U]category of shoe [/U]  to its [U]particularly [/U]  activity by [U]studying[/U]  human motion and physiology.
答案是C这我明白，但B中的shoe为什么不用复数？（95.8.29题）

3.[U]The[/U]  main [U]advertising[/U]  media include [U]direct mail[/U] , radio,television,magazines,and[U] newspaper[/U] .
答案是D，newspaper加s.但是其他的象television,radio,mail我怎么记得都有复数啊。（95.8.39）

现在越学越觉得分不清楚可数和不可数名词了，很多时候看到一个名词单数前面没the就怀疑是不是错了，但如果是不可数，那就没错，所以经常在这上面改错了。有没有可数和不可数名词的总结啊？

4.any后面可以跟复数名词，every、each后面只能跟单数，对不对

5.The majority of people are还是is,我看到的是are,但感觉is是对的。

treesUID: 82785

1.免费的学校我不太准备写了，到时候可以空着吗？或者乱填数——有可能不代表任何一个学校的代码。

空着就可以了：）或者填个你几乎不准备申请的学校，万一成绩很好，还可以接着用：）

2.写作文可以用自动笔吗？用铅笔感觉一会就把头磨粗了，HB的不经写，估计5支也不够我用的！我见过有一种自动笔写出来的字跟2B铅笔差不多的，那种可以吗？

可以用自动笔呀。不过用铅笔字大闲的多：）

treesUID: 82785

11题是要看被动还是主动啊。AND只是说分词的并列
LASTING的内容是主动,然后被REPEAT N遍

1.finely什么意思，字典上没查到
MERRIAM-WEBSTER上的解释：
Main Entry:finely
Pronunciation:*f*n-l*
Function:adverb
Date:14th century

: in a fine manner: as  a : extremely well : EXCELLENTLY *plays the hero very finely New Yorker*  b : with close discrimination : PRECISELY  c : with delicacy or subtlety : SENSITIVELY *a leader finely attuned to the needs of the people*  d : MINUTELY *finely ground meal

2. Designers of athletic footwear finely tune each category of shoe to its particularly activity by studying human motion and physiology.
答案是C这我明白，但B中的shoe为什么不用复数？（95.8.29题）
这里只能基本解释为SHOE不是用作具体物品，在这里做统称

3.The main advertising media include direct mail , radio,television,magazines,and newspaper .
答案是D，newspaper加s.但是其他的象television,radio,mail我怎么记得都有复数啊。（95.8.39）
前3个都是不可属的，查查字典就知道喽：）

现在越学越觉得分不清楚可数和不可数名词了，很多时候看到一个名词单数前面没the就怀疑是不是错了，但如果是不可数，那就没错，所以经常在这上面改错了。有没有可数和不可数名词的总结啊？
这个很难总结的哦。总不能把字典搬上来。
一般抽象名词是不可数的。但hope, experience除外
还有时候不是可数不可数的区别。有可能是复合名词或者是单数形式表复数。

我明天会再总结其他的：）

4.any后面可以跟复数名词，every、each后面只能跟单数，对不对
对的：）

5.The majority of people are还是is,我看到的是are,但感觉is是对的。
这个后边是复数。因为是大多数嘛

绿岛UID: 153747

Some universities require students to take classes in many subjects.Other require students to specialize in one.

Whether universities should require students to take classes in many subjects or to specialize in one has been discussed for a long time not only by the teachers,students and their parents but also by many other people who are not in the education field. From a personal perspective,taking chasses in many subjects can bring more benefits to students. The following characters will come to support my point.

Foremost, specializing in one subject will narrow the students’ sight.Accountants, for instance, are always relatively prudent, thus not making mistakes in their jobs,but facing other problems, they are often too prudent to make a quick decision and opportunities such as investment pass by. Students who only study accounting will easily get this drawback, so it is important for them to learn many other subjects to complement it. Through studing other subjects, they extend their knowledge, upgrade their level of culture, and are more familiar with other kinds of people.

Furthermore,students obtain much information from these subjects, thereby with various kinds of people. A friend of mine know many acquaintances, and he ever told me that is because he know knowledge in various fields, from geography, physics and biology to music, art, history, and anthropology. Therefore, students should absorb knowledge as much as possible to prepare for a good relationship in the society.

However, since most issues are multifaceted, each alternative chosen from them involves advantages and disadvantages. The main, even the only disadvantage of taking many subjects is that it takes too much time, and students may not have enough time to study their major. But as long as they arrange a good schedule, this unfavorable factor can be reduced to the minimum.

All to all, universities should require students to study many subjects and much more benefits that are not mentioned in the short essay will emerge.   

正中的三段里有两段写优点，一段让步，观点很明确。这样写可以吗，让步的部分是不是有点多了。

给打个分吧，或者告诉我得4.5或以上的可能性有多大。

这样写有模版的痕迹吗？会被判3分吗？

treesUID: 82785

第一个会计学的例子能说出哪个专业对宏观了解有帮助就好了。比如（macro-economics）

Furthermore,students obtain much information from these subjects, “students could obtain much more information from more  than one subject” is betterthereby with various kinds of people. A friend of mine know 注意主谓一致，而且用know比较别扭，recognizes等吧many acquaintances, and he ever told me that[that在这里是什么？他没告诉你他认识这么多人？PUZZLE] is because he know knowledge in various fields, from geography, physics and biology to music, art, history, and anthropology. Therefore, students should absorb knowledge as much as possible to prepare for a good relationship in the society.[and 学校应该提供这样的机会。扣下你的观点]
这一段问题比较大。

让步不算多，因为你最后一句又让步一次，让回去了~：）

文章主要问题在第2个理由。水平有限，没明白你要表述的意思：P

这个文章也可以写各个学科是有共通性的。多学几个辅助学科有助于主课的加强：）

绿岛UID: 153747

第二段打字时漏了一点，就是下划线的那部分。这样应该稍微清楚一点了吧
Furthermore,students obtain much information from these subjects, [U]thereby having many topics when talking with various kinds of people [/U]  . with various kinds of people. A friend of mine know many acquaintances, and he ever told me that is because he know knowledge in various fields, from geography, physics and biology to music, art, history, and anthropology. Therefore, students should absorb knowledge as much as possible to prepare for a good relationship in the society.

另外告诉我能得4.5吗，不用怕打击我

让步让回去没关系吧~

treesUID: 82785

呵呵。我觉得不一定能到4。5。语言驾御还是有待提高地

让步让回去没有关系啊。还看着有逻辑性：）

绿岛UID: 153747

Today,fifty years after its construction, the Alaska Highway conveys 40,000 vehicles [U]in normal [/U]  year.
应该怎么改？

In the nineteenth century,North American locomotives ran on hardwood [U]fuel[/U] , which was inexpensive and plentiful [U]in [/U]  the time.
第2个错误，应改成什么？during吗？对这类时间前的介词不太清楚，有这方面的总结吗？
fule我怎么记得见过加s的情况，到底可数不可数？


35. Electric lamps came into widespread use during the early 1900’s and have replaced other[U] type [/U]  of fat, gas, or oil lamps for almost every purpose

type永远不能裸奔吗？

treesUID: 82785

in the normal year
year类型的词在in后时，表示具体时间不加the，一段或一种时间的加the

第2个是D错了。改成at the time
all the time
始终；一直
from time to time
有时；偶尔；时常
have no time for
没时间做（某事）
in no time (at all)
立刻；赶快；马上
on time
准时；按时
at one time
同时的;曾经在过去的某一时刻或某段时期
at the same time
但是，然而
at times
有时
in good time
及时；迅速地


type做类型讲一般都是可数
但是个别时候不是，如：sale on type