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积重难返!!!
参考了你的建议,又重新盖了下,多加勒个body,一段的例子也换了,参考了坛子里老帖子的牛人评论信息。我语法错误多,越着急写越多,上次叫sunny非眼睛了。这回又臭又长,烦大家继续拍!!
Issue157
------题目------
There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires.
------正文------
In the argument above, the author asserts that all observation is not objective, but subjective, because that the observers are easily influenced by their expectation or desires. While I agree with the author that some observers may be influenced by their own attitudes, but actually there are still some observations aims at describing or demonstrating in an objective way, especially in science field.
Admittedly, the areas which build upon the origin of human being and are serviced for the mind of us are easily cause subjective observation. Such as the religion, history, politics, art and so forth which are related with the intellectuality and humanity of us, and are generated from the development of our society and the advancement of history. In those areas, usually, no definite conclusions or settled observations exist, and we can give our own opinions or ideas towards a fact or a work. We do not have to look very far to see the validity through differed view points regarding an abstract painting in an art museum, the young girl may see a handsome prince is emerging from the frame; the middle-aged housewife may catch a basket of vegetables in the printing; and the senior man who suffer pulmonary disease only sees some smokes are rising out of the work. Therefore, different people view a same affair often from diverse angles, hence the conclusions are not the same due to their have differed expectations or desires.
Nevertheless, in the scientific research, the observation must base on real data and logical deductions. It is acknowledged that no matter in science study or in the economic research, the researchers must trace a great deal of information and give a lot of proofs which are strictly related with the affairs or entities. Only through that, they can give reasonable and appropriate conclusions which can be applied to in most occasions. Understandingly, the research methods, the view points to a question, the conclusions from the same data are varied from individual to individual due to the expectations and experiences of the scientists, however, actually the real truth of a definite affair is unique, though the explanations of it maybe in different modes. If there are researchers who do not obey the principle and create something by unreal and subjective minds, they will be eventually proved committing this or that kind of fallacies. The forever moving machine, the theory that earth is the core of the universe, and so forth are all vivid examples to indicate that using objective observation and study, we can acquire true theories and discover new facts.
If we only accentuate observations in the subjective mode, we cannot establish a definite concept to an entity or a phenomenon, owing to that we all can express our own ideas and interpretations to something. Consequently, we would have no common languages at all. You can imagine, what a mess will cause because the diverse attitudes towards a same thing: when there is a homicide committed by a husband who had already endured the household violence for long years, and eventually killed his wife, it is difficult to judge the man due to the diverse opinions concerning his behaviors. In some persons’ judgement, the man is also a casualty as well as his wife and he is innocent; others who hold opposite opinions may deem that the man is a fierce offender and he should be penalized to death. Both sides have their own reasons and their advocators, hence the outcome of the trial is difficult to put forward and the quarrel may continue for long years. Therefore, it is essential to establish acceptable criteria which are based on the objective observations, in order to formulate the definite consequence of the violent action, such as the functions of laws and regulations. And at the same time, we should give a certain considerations to the specific conditions of every affair, which may be from someone’s subjective observation, such as the justifications and pleads from lawyers and the offender. Therefore, it is obviously that the observation from an objective angle plays an essential and fundamental role to rule and judge our actions.
To sum up, we can give the conclusion that as a matter of fact, there are indeed some kind of observations are subjective, in which we can freely express our own attitudes and favors to them, such as different persons can give his or her opinion on a printing, and the comments usually do not harmful at all. But actually, there are also lots of observations are based on objective attitude, in which we must stick to the concrete evidences and information, which can ensure us that we gradually access to the solitary truth of a fact, and can give a frame of reference to our opinions and actions. |
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