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发表于 2005-1-23 13:38:14
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重新再贴!我是从记事本贴过来的,有谁能告诉我为什么会这样吗?一步步调整好累哦, 多谢
17.There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just law and, even more important, to disobey and resist unjust law.
The Syllabus:
1. Put forward my opinion: Everyone should obey the laws, which are objective and compelling, thus are regardless of its justice.
2. Laws must be complied with.
3. Its endangerment of disobeying laws.
4. It is hasty to define laws as just or unjust.
5. Conclusion.
The Text:
As the speaker alleges, everyone has the rights to disobey unjust laws besides the obligation to obey just laws. I cannot agree with the allegation which not only violates the compelling force of laws but also has a potentially harmful impact.
The primary reason for my disagreement with the speaker is that laws are compellent regulations which ensure a society to operate in an orderly manner, according to the laws' infrangibleness. Laws,established by authority, guaranteed by police force, is meant to govern the behaviors of members of a country. Laws serves a session of functions, including protecting private properties and lives to manage a relatively stable society, limiting the powers of the privileged to entitle each citizen with equal freedom that would not otherwise be possible, eliminating class discriminations as well as ethic prejudice, and so on. We are obliged to obey all the laws, regardless of its characters, in order to maintain an amicable society in which every individual's rights are treasured and respected.
Another reason why I oppose the speaker's position is that justifying a violation of laws which we regard as unjust will result in illegal conducts, even egregious criminals, then it will probably break up the balance of the legal system and bring the society into a perishing chaos state. The endangerment of disobeying a sort of unjust law according to personal judgment is undisputable. Take tax evasion for example, had those who consider the income taxation laws as unjust refused to pay the amount, the government will be short of funds to run properly, leading to the country's education, arts and people's welfare being terribly impaired. Also imagine a victim, who is unsatisfied with the punishment sentenced by the criminal laws, thus takes revenge at the criminal and kills him. Such behaviors will make the laws meaningless and peoples' interests and lives exposed in an insecure status. In short, disobeying unjust laws is by no means justifiable especially when others' legitimate rights or safety are threatened.
Another fundamental flaw with the speaker's point of view is that his judgment of the fairness of a law is hasty and unsophisticated. People's different education background, domestic environment and religious beliefs shape their different personal value systems, which makes it not a straightforward issue to determine whether a law is just or unjust. A most controversial case in point is perhaps euthanasia, an act of ending the life of an individual suffering from a terminal illness or an incurable conditions, usually by lethal injection. Most countries interdict this practice illegal, taking into consideration its inhumanity to deprive a person's right to survive without his nod. By contrast, a respectable number of people argue that leave the patient in endless unconsciousness or affliction is another kind of agony. What is more, people
tend to regard laws as unjust which are likely to impair their own interests, without a concern for others or the whole society. Laws are to resolve interest conflicts peacefully, ensuring each individual's interest together with the benefits
of the society to reach a balance. In conclusion, laws are objective while the justice of laws is subjective, which makes laws indispensable to adjusting peoples' conduct.
Admittedly, laws are sometimes established that people later recognized as being unjust. In a democratic society, laws should keep abreast of the advancement and innovations of the society, but through lawful means instead of disobeying or resistance. Otherwise the effectiveness and authority of the laws will be abused.
Taking all these factors into account, we may safely arrive at the conclusion that laws are set up to protect individual rights and strike a balance of an orderly society. Accordingly, disobedience or resistance is by no means allowed merely by one's subjective judgment. |
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