刚开始准备作文,2篇ARGUMENT,请高手指教

CatKillerUID: 192034

1The following appeared in a memorandum written by the vice president of Nature's Way, a chain of stores selling health food and other health-related products.

"Previous experience has shown that our stores are most profitable in areas where residents are highly concerned with leading healthy lives. We should therefore build our next new store in Plainsville, which has many such residents. Plainsville merchants report that sales of running shoes and exercise clothing are at all-time highs. The local health club, which nearly closed five years ago due to lack of business, has more members than ever, and the weight training and aerobics classes are always full. We can even anticipate a new generation of customers: Plainsville's schoolchildren are required to participate in a 'fitness for life' program, which emphasizes the benefits of regular exercise at an early age."

------------------------------
Before Nature’s Way (NW) has built their next new store in Plainsville, as the vice president  recommends, the evidence that he/she cites should be examined from several other angles. The vice president assumes that Plainsville residents are highly concerned with leading healthy lives due to several seemingly reasonable facts. However it is not cogent because the stated correlation does not necessarily imply causation.

In the first place, high sales of running shoes and exercise clothing in Plainsville does not necessarily indicate that residents in this area are highly concerned with leading healthy lives, which the vice president considers to be the strongest evidence of the profitability of their products. In fact, it is entirely possible that these apparels are fashionable at the moment or are inexpensive compared to other kinds of apparels. Without ruling out these possibilities, the vice president can not convince us that the residents in Plainsville are living healthy lifestyles and will buy the products of NW.


Secondly, the vice president fails to establish a causal relationship between the fact that the local health club are now having more members than ever and the fact that residents in Plainsville are living healthy lifestyles. As we know, the club was forced to close five years ago due to being lack of business, from which we can easily conclude that the amount of membership of this club was extremely small at that time. Even if the club is now more popular than ever before, it is still possible that the number of members is also very limited. Besides, the fact that weight training and aerobics classes are always full can still not fully support the vice president’s conclusion because we are not informed with how big the classes are arranged. If the classes admit only several members, we can hardly say that the club is coming back successfully although the classes are always full.

Last but not the least, the fact that a fitness program is mandatory for Plainesville's schoolchildren accomplishes nothing toward bolstering the recommendation. The truth is, children are not sophisticated enough to care about their health condition. Instead, what they really concern with is what they are actually fond of. How can you keep a 10-year-old kid from KFC if you simply state that food in KFC does no good physically. What is more, an imposed program can probably cause  schoolchildren to develop a kind of repellence to it, let alone that they will buy the heaithy products that NW sells.

To sum up, the conclusion of this argument lacks credibility in that the evidence provided does not lend strong support to what the vice president maintains. To better evaluate the argument, we would need more information, perhaps based on a local survey, about how Plainsville residents react to the NW’s products. Also to make the argument logically acceptable, the vice president would have to demonstrate that Plainsville residents would prefer products of NW rather than those of other companies and this preference would last for a substantially long time.

CatKillerUID: 192034

18The following appeared in an editorial in a Prunty County newspaper.

"In an attempt to improve highway safety, Prunty County recently lowered its speed limit from 55 miles per hour to 45 on all major county roads. But the 55 mph limit should be restored, because this safety effort has failed. Most drivers are exceeding the new speed limit and the accident rate throughout Prunty County has decreased only slightly. If we want to improve the safety of our roads, we should instead undertake the same kind of road improvement project that Butler County completed five years ago: increasing lane widths and resurfacing rough roads. Today, major Butler County roads still have a 55 mph speed limit, yet there were 25 percent fewer reported accidents in Butler County this past year than there were five years ago."

------------------------------
The arguer’s recommendation that the 55mph speed limit on major roads of Prunty County should be restored instead of being lowered to 45mph is unwarranted due to the mere facts provided in the argument. The arguer considers the adjustment to be ineffective and also cites Butler County as an analogy. However, there are several other aspects that deserve to be concerned with.

In the first place, it is unthoughtful for the arguer to assert the new speed limit in Prunty County to have failed simply because most drivers are exceeding it and the decreasement of accident rate is slight. As it is informed in the argument, the new speed limit is put into practice only recently, hence there should be more time for the drivers to get used to it before evaluating its efficiency. In fact, it is entirely possible that most drivers in Prunty County have conformed to the former limit for such a long time that they unconsciously speed up to 55mph if the 45mph one has been in operation for only a week. In the same sense, the fact that accident rate in Prunty County has decreased slightly is also not cogent enough to support the failure of the new speed limit. Given sufficient time, it may contribute enormously to declining the accident rate and thus the drivers in Prunty County would benefit a lot from it.

Secondly, the arguer fails to convince us that Prunty County will improve the safety of their roads if they undertake the same road improvement project as Butler County: increasing lane width and resurfacing rough roads. There absolutely exist possibilities that the lane width in Prunty County is already large enough or the cars in this place are mostly small ones such as mini cooper. Moreover, maybe the roads in Prunty County are in such a good condition that resurfacing them is completely a waste of money. Therefore, without ruling out these possibilities, the arguer can hardly manage to persuave us to undertake the road improvement project.

Last but not the least, the fact that there were 25 percent fewer reported accidents in Butler County this past year than five years ago is insuffient to prove that Butler County benefit from the 55mph speed limit. As we can infered from the argument, the survey is based merely on reported accidents, which can hardly represent the real accident rate in Butler County. What if the victims were so accustomed to accidents due to the high rate that they no longer reported and handled the situation privately, or there were some other kinds of progress that governors in Butler County made to improve the road safety? In these cases, the evidence provided seemed to be unpersuasable.

Thus, the conclusion of this argument lacks credibility in that the evidence provided does not lend strong support to what the arguer maintains. To better evaluate the argument, we would need more time to assure whether or not the 45mph spped limit is effective. Also, to make it logically acceptable, the arguer would have to demonstrate that the road improvement project of Butler County can also work well in Prunty County.

CatKillerUID: 192034

都是不限时的,只想写多写好,第一篇507词,第二篇524词.
多多指教,欢迎拍砖

CatKillerUID: 192034

没人看......