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Observation, meaning that the basic method watching something and taking note of anything it does, should not be affected by personal factors. Although people accomplish observations with various knowledge and background and some purpose and expectations, most observations are objective.我觉得 这个观点表达的就跟没有观点似的 说具体一点:什么时候客观 什么时候不客观 把意思提炼出来摆在这里 不要让人家去猜。开头是“总”,是要照应“分”的
For amateurs, it is difficult to consider whether the observations are objective or subjective, for the different attitude of amateurs when doing observations. Some amateur observers, who deem the observation just as a hobby and interest and do not focus much on the result of observations, will keep their brain blank during the observation. For example, the famous documentary “Micro Cosmos”, completed by a France group, is the achievement of 15 years careful and objective watching. From that documentary, we can have an authentic and complete recognition of the insects. At the same time, some observers are watching a fact with a strong emotion, which lead to the subjective judgment of an observation. A good case in point is watching football or basketball match. Since it is a fact that most people have their favorite team or players, people are likely to put their confidence and desire into the match and are extremely yearning for their icons to win the competition. When Allen Iverson got the MVP of the NBA 2005's All Stars Game, most of his fans were too excited to believe that game was wonderful; while there were also many people considering that game as unexciting and monotonous because their favorite players lost the game需要进一步确定的是:我们在看一场比赛的时候 什么是observation什么是feelings什么是critique. Thus, as amateurs, it is possible to demand them to be tremendously strict and objective with a certain fact and hence the observations can be either objective or subjective.
看完了body1 我觉得这个题目还是要从observation的精确理解上入手
AHD的解释:
observation
n.Abbr. obs.(名词)缩写 obs.
The act or faculty of observing.
观察的行为或能力
The fact of being observed.
被观察到的事实
The act of noting and recording something, such as a phenomenon, with instruments.
观测:用仪器注意到并记录下来,如某种现象
The result or record of such notation:
观测结果:观测的结果或记录:
a meteorological observation.
一项气象学的观测结果
A comment or remark.See Synonyms at comment
评论:一项评价或议论参见 comment
An inference or a judgment that is acquired from or based on observing.
观测结论:从观测得出的推论或判断
出乎意料的是,observation竟然包括了评论,推论,判断这些个很主观的意思。
虽然出乎意料,我觉得却恰恰给我们指明了一个破题的思路,那就是把observation拆开来讨论,套用上面的含义,当observation是被观测的事实,那么她基本上是客观的;作为评论等,那基本上是主观的了。这样想来,倒了却了我们对observation和observation之后的事情的区分和混淆。——这是我个人认为的比较理想的破题思路;继续看下文
For scholars or experts, observation is more an objective course rather than a subjective process. Being professionals, scholars and experts have cultivated an objective and strict attitude when doing experiment and observations, for the reason that most of their work is of great importance to the society and human beings. When doing weather forecasts, it is not almost impossible for observers to bring their expectations or desires in the observation, since what they do is just focusing their concentration on recording the temperature, moisture and capability of water and snow and so forth, and these natural factors could not be affected by human's thoughts. In medicine realm, when scientists are doing clinical experiments, subjective consideration can bring about great changes to the patients, for the reason that before knowing the functions of the new method or medicine, doctors would not introduce other factors to the experiments. In the sphere of astronomy, the great observation Hubble's redshift, which has took many years for the scientists, is still being researched and studied and scientists have not made much conclusions according to their own perspectives and expectations yet, but still keep watching until they find accurate and convincing explanations about that phenomenon.
Admittedly, since most people have a wish that things can develop toward an orientation that will benefit the society and human beings or achieve their own demands, they are willing to put their best wishes into the observations. However, these desires and yearns could not change what they perceive. What make an observation different is various knowledge and aspect when explaining the phenomenon, but not the process of an observation. Furthermore, people in modern society are paying much attention to the objectivity of experiments and observations and have made many rules of scientific research, commercial standard and so on, which will benefit people in cultivating a precise stance their observations and do much good to a society.
In conclusion, to most observers, although sometimes they put their expectations and purpose into their observation and experiments, they are more likely to abbey the objective rules of observation and note things that they watched accurately and carefully during the process.
看完之后 还是让我松了一口气 比我想象的要好 虽然你的思路很新颖 但是写的还是不错的 只是经不住推敲。一个观点和理论的得出,并不是有例子支持 那么就是正确的,我们还要站在第三者的角度还看这个观点,判断它究竟是不是站的住脚。从我的理解来看,把观察者分成业余和专业并不是一个很严谨的针对于可主客观问题的分角度方法,简单说来,专家不会完全客观,业余不会完全主观,而且专家,业余者的观察主体很难有完全一致性,这就导致了不可对比性。还有,主客观的产生和知识的掌握程度至少不是一个直接的逻辑关系。所以整篇文章给人感觉比较含糊,因为一些桥梁没有建好,却到达了河的另一岸。可能这就是所谓思维跳跃?我们要尽量的使用一层的逻辑关系,比如,一个因,然后得出一个果;而不是a-->b-->C,只给出了a,然后就给出了c. 先说这些 有问题再谈。千万别着急,不要浮躁,好好准备。没问题。 |
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