ISSUE１０４ 第一篇 硬着头皮造出．．．请狠拍！！

lignumvitaeUID: 207532

ISSUE104
It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears.


Formal education is generally considered as an important program in society, since it influences its people greatly and further contributes to the society's development as a whole. It is understandable that a culture, as one aspect in society, tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears through formal education.

Firstly, formal education is responsible and able to be the foundation for the idea renovation by culture. If formal education is defined as the education institutions that have the authority to award diploma, they are programs of instruction offered to children, adolescents, and adults through schools and colleges fully or partly operated by the local or national government. Such education system is accompanied with corresponding management and law to insure it running regularly and healthily, which make it even more powerful and influential to the society development, including culture. In this view, as the manager of formal education, the government endues formal education with force and authority for renovating ideas.

Secondly, through formal education, government holds the temporal culture and further perpetuates the ideas it favors as well as discredits the ideas it fears, varying from country to country,from period to period. Different countries have their own culture, which may be characteristic and distinctive, because of the different formal education. For instance, the China government applauds the socialism through the curriculum from elementary school to university, which compose the main formal education. So the China contemporary generations are indoctrinated such culture with the idea that socialism is a great system and grow up in this environment. When they are mature enough to affect the society, most of them may hold it as their own idea in their lives and go on being loyal to it, and the idea could be perpetuated. On the contrary, many western countries authorities hold the different idea that capitalism runs more efficiently, which is also perpetuated mainly through formal education. Therefore, the people would advocate and go on handing down the faith brought from that culture atmosphere. In addition, in retrospect, in different periods with different culture, government of special time also engrafts the idea according to the approved culture. The archaic Chinese formal education system, which was composed of many Sishu, instructed that obedience is such a virtue that everyone should learn and stand to it strictly. The idea has been prevailing so long time that the Chinese could not be open, competitive, and innovative to a great extent nowadays, though more and more people have recognized that it is unilateral, just through contemporary formal education.

Thirdly, I confess that some other ways, by which culture innovate the ideas, is existent, such as mass media, law, social groups etc. Apart form their textbook, people could learn something from TV, radio programs. Making some face-to-face interview to famous writers, musicians, artists, TV could show the culture vividly presently, which may not be contained in textbook. And radio could broadcast many commentaries on current affairs and issues. As to law, it affects people’s daily lives directly with government in power. Meanwhile, some radical discussion and reasoned analysis from social groups may exert a subtle influence on the idea innovation. But I insist that formal education is the most primary aspect to the culture and further idea development.

In sum, though ideas might change and improve partly as a result of some other factors, it is mainly through formal education that culture perpetuates the ideas it favors and discredits the ideas it fears. In my view, it is a general system managed by the government in power and represent the way of major culture development.


真不知道怎么说，还中途请教了同学，才造出来，麻烦大家多多指点，不胜感激！！

改了一下，看看还好点，谢谢！

[ Last edited by lignumvitae on 2005-7-15 at 01:35 ]

lignumvitaeUID: 207532

拉一把，随便帮我提点意见也好啊
送首歌给大家听听，旋律满好的
http://bbs.pq163.com/upjpfcyy/2005-1/20051617230923.mp3

lignumvitaeUID: 207532

诚心寻求互拍！！！

11yvetteUID: 2102418

wood~~~
我先占个座儿吧，明天给你拍啊～～～
今天写得好晕哦～～
:hug:

[ Last edited by 11yvette on 2005-7-14 at 22:43 ]

dr_greenUID: 193584

Formal education is generally considered as an important program in society, since it influences its people greatly and further contributes to the whole society's development. It is understandable that a culture, as one aspect in society, tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears through formal education.

Does it means that u partly agree with the statement? This beginning doesn’t sounds very powerful, and lacks of emphasis on the “primary” status of formal education in culture maintenance.

Firstly, formal education is responsible for and able to be the foundation of the idea renovation by of?? culture. I’m a little puzzled here. Is formal education the primary way of preserving culture as what it is, or of renovating ideas according to the statement?  

If formal education is defined as the education institutions that have the authority to award diploma, they are programs of instruction offered to children, adolescents, and adults through schools and colleges fully or partly operated by the local or national government. Such education system is accompanied with corresponding management and law to insure it running regularly and healthily, which make it even (more?) powerful and influential to the society development, including culture. In this view, as the manager of formal education, the government endues formal education with force and authority for renovating ideas.

Secondly, by managing formal education, government impacts the culture and further perpetuates the ideas it favors as well as discredits the ideas it fears. Is this the ts of this paragraph? It seems to have little to do with what u discuss in the following context, which seems to me is saying ‘ideas that given through formal education by government to students varies from culture to culture, from time to time’.
Different countries have their own culture, which may be characteristic and distinctive, because of the different formal education. For instance, the China government applauds the socialism through the curriculum from elementary school to university, which compose the main formal education. So the China contemporary generations are indoctrinated such culture with the idea that socialism is a great system and grow up in this environment. When they are mature enough to affect the society, most of them may hold it as their own idea in their lives and go on being loyal to it, and the idea could be perpetuated. On the contrary, many western countries authorities hold the different idea that capitalism runs more efficiently, which is also perpetuated mainly through formal education. Therefore, the people would advocate and go on handing down the faith brought from that culture atmosphere. In addition, in retrospect, in different periods with different culture, government of special time also engrafts the idea according to the approved culture. The archaic Chinese formal education system, which was composed of many Sishu, instructed that obedience is such a virtue that everyone should learn and carry out it strictly. The idea has been prevailing so long time that the Chinese could not be open, competitive, and innovative to a great extent nowadays, though more and more people have recognized that it is unilateral, just through contemporary formal education.

Thirdly, I concede that some other ways, by which culture innovate the ideas, is existent, such as mass media, law, social groups etc. People could learn something from TV, radio program out of their textbook. Making some face-to-face interview to famous writers, musicians, artists, TV could show the culture vividly at present time, which may not be contained in textbook. And radio could broadcast many commentaries on current affairs and issues. As to law, it affects people’s daily lives directly with government in power. Meanwhile, some radical discussion and reasoned analysis from social groups may exert a subtle influence on the idea innovation. But I argue that formal education is the most primary aspect to the culture and further idea development.

In sum, even if ideas might change and improve partly as a result of some other factors, it is mainly through formal education that culture perpetuates the ideas it favors and discredits the ideas it fears. Since it is a general system managed by the government in power and represent the way of major culture development. A sentence that begins with ‘since’ doesn’t looks like an end of a complete essay to me.

第一次改别人的文章 不知道有没有帮助

lignumvitaeUID: 207532

谢谢楼上的两位，我会认真再改改！！
其实我是这样理解这个观点的：文化通过正规教育两方面影响观念，所以我没用maintenance,又不能老是说perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears，就用了innovate这个词，不知道好不好，跟大家探讨
还有就是culture这个东西它是一个抽象的东西，那么就要有实体反映它，我们要说是people，从全局看，国与国间文化不同，跟他们的统治阶层所推崇的理念有关，社会里的小个体会有不同观念的影响，但看主导影响还是当权的盛行的观念，封建社会当道的文化就是封建阶级观念，虽然有反抗的新观念，但终究是少数，直到大到一定程度，有力量推翻前者，那这个力量又开始当政，所以我觉得应该说到政府；并且正规教育，不论公立还是私立，都还要受政府管理，这是我的观点，不知对不对

dr_greenUID: 193584

又看了一遍你的文章 发现之前改的时候好像我理解有点偏差。。。。
你是不是想以政府主导教育的方式和内容 教育主导ideas 来证明论题呀
那我觉得在开头应该明确提出政府和文化的作用  这样会比较清楚一点 因为看下来 关于政府、文化和教育的关系 有点晕。。。

阿择菜UID: 2110339

把你的提纲列出来  
先把题目和翻译写上
然后把提纲列出来  
这样就不会误解你的文章的意图了,等你格式对后我给你拍哦!~~