Issue10 第四次作业，感觉好痛苦啊，多谢修改~~

@amy@UID: 209096

题目
Issue10 "Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive, because it is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated."
翻译：政府必须要确保主要城市发展所需的财政支持，因为一个国家的文化传统主要是在城市中得以保存和发展。

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提纲
（1）主要城市可能是一个国家的政治、经济、或者文化的中心，常常代表着一个国家的形象，比如说到美国就会马上想到纽约、华盛顿，说到法国想到巴黎，说到中国想到北京上海，所以保证主要城市的发展是很重要的，但是一个国家的财政也是有限的，次要城市或者农村的发展也很重要，所以需要保持一个平衡。而且当主要城市的发展走上正轨以后，它可能自己就可以保持发展，不一定需要国家的支持。
（2）一个国家的文化传统不一定主要保存在主要城市，在大城市可能有很多的博物馆，古迹等等，比如古代的皇宫，但是文化传统还包括流传的思想、风俗等等，这些可能在一些次要城市或者农村能够更好的保存，因为大城市受到全球化的影响。
（3）给主要城市财政支持并不一定就能保存文化传统，保存文化传统需要人们的意识。

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正文（518字）
The author asserts that financial support should be ensured for major cities' prosperity in that a nation's cultural traditions are mainly preserved and generated in cities. As far as I am concerned, I have different opinions on this matter however and I will expand my idea from the following facets.

In the first place, major cities are always the center of a nation's politics, economy or culture, and represent the nation's impression. It is very common that people learn a nation through its major cities first, because major cities have great influence and have much possibility to be propagandized. For instance, when referring to America, New York or Washington is most likely to appear on people's brain; For France, it is Paris; For China, it is Peking or Shanghai; and it is same for other country. Thus, to guarantee the development of major cities is very important, however, the prosperity of minor cities or the rural areas are also quite important. If a nation only emphasize on large cities, and neglect the other areas, which cover most population of the nation, fortune polarization will come into being and even demolish the stabilization. Since the financial support of a nation is limited, the government should keep a balance between the support to major cities and other areas. On the other hand, after the development of a city has been operated well, it is completely possible that it can thrive depending on itself and does not need the nation support any more.

In the second place, are a nation's cultural traditions always preserved and generated in cities? It depends. Cultural tradition is a widely concept; it can refer to the historic cite or cultural relic, likewise, it can also be customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior. Where the former or the latter locate is not necessary. Take the historic cites as an example. The famous Imperial Palace of China, where the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasty dwell and manage the country matters, locates at Peking, the capital of China. However, the world-famous rock caves locate at Dunhuang, a minor or correspondingly behindhand city. Moreover, when referring to the latter kind of culture, such as customs, minor cities or the rural areas are more likely to preserve them in respect that large cities are influenced by globalization dramatically and many customs have disappeared. When you go to megalopolis, you will have a familiar feeling in that you can find lots of high buildings and nosheries such as KFC all around similar to other megalopolises; Whereas, at small villages, you can experience the traditional life style of the nation.

In addition, financial support cannot ensure the preservation of cultural traditions and it needs the whole nation's consciousness. What's more, not all traditions are needed to be reserved; people should distinct essential from draffy.

To sum up, major cities, as well as the other areas, need the nation's financial supports, so the government should make a balance. But whether a city is flourishing or not does not have direct relation to the preservation of cultural traditions. They should be considered separately.

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参考资料
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mo ... p;highlight=issue10
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mo ... p;highlight=issue10
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mo ... p;highlight=issue10

智恩UID: 2160717

提纲
（1）主要城市可能是一个国家的政治、经济、或者文化的中心，常常代表着一个国家的形象，比如说到美国就会马上想到纽约、华盛顿，说到法国想到巴黎，说到中国想到北京上海，所以保证主要城市的发展是很重要的，但是一个国家的财政也是有限的，次要城市或者农村的发展也很重要，所以需要保持一个平衡。而且当主要城市的发展走上正轨以后，它可能自己就可以保持发展，不一定需要国家的支持。
（2）一个国家的文化传统不一定主要保存在主要城市，在大城市可能有很多的博物馆，古迹等等，比如古代的皇宫，但是文化传统还包括流传的思想、风俗等等，这些可能在一些次要城市或者农村能够更好的保存，因为大城市受到全球化的影响。
（3）给主要城市财政支持并不一定就能保存文化传统，保存文化传统需要人们的意识。
提纲好棒哦！
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正文（518字）
The author asserts that financial support should be ensured for major cities' prosperity in that a nation's cultural traditions are mainly preserved and generated in cities. As far as I am concerned, I have different opinions on this matter however and I will expand my idea from the following facets.简洁明了

In the first place, major cities are always the center of a nation's politics, economy or culture, and represent the nation's impression. It is very common that people learn a nation through its major cities first, because major cities have great influence and have much possibility to be propagandized. For instance, when referring to America, New York or Washington is most likely to appear on people's brain; For France, it is Paris; For China, it is Peking or Shanghai; and it is same for other country. Thus, to guarantee the development of major cities is very important, however, the prosperity of minor cities or the rural areas are also quite important. If a nation only emphasize（s） on large cities, and neglect（S） the other areas, which cover most population of the nation, fortune polarization will come into being and even demolish the stabilization. Since the financial support of a nation is limited, the government should keep a balance between the support to major cities and other areas. On the other hand, after the development of a city has been operated well, it is completely possible that it can thrive depending on itself and does not need the nation support any more.

In the second place, are a nation's cultural traditions always preserved and generated in cities? It depends. Cultural tradition is a widely concept; it can refer to the historic cite or cultural relic, likewise, it can also be customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior. Where the former or the latter locate is not necessary. Take the historic cites as an example. The famous Imperial Palace of China, where the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasty dwell and manage the country matters, locates at（in） Peking, the capital of China. However, the world-famous rock caves locate at Dunhuang, a minor or correspondingly behindhand city. Moreover, when referring to the latter kind of culture, such as customs, minor cities or the rural areas are more likely to preserve them in respect that large cities are influenced by globalization dramatically and many customs have disappeared. When you go to megalopolis, you will have a familiar feeling in that you can find lots of high buildings and nosheries such as KFC all around similar to other megalopolises; Whereas, at small villages, you can experience the traditional life style of the nation.

In addition, financial support cannot ensure the preservation of cultural traditions and it needs the whole nation's consciousness. What's more, not all traditions are needed to be reserved; people should distinct essential from draffy.可以展开再写点，人们要如何意识到保护传统文化等等

To sum up, major cities, as well as the other areas, need the nation's financial supports, so the government should make a balance. But whether a city is flourishing or not does not have direct relation to the preservation of cultural traditions. They should be considered separately.

@amy@UID: 209096

哇~~ 智恩修改的好快哦，多谢呢:$  
我再看看修改一下:lol

hzyj0322UID: 2155800

The author asserts that financial support should be ensured for major cities' prosperity in that a nation's cultural traditions are mainly preserved and generated in cities. As far as I am concerned, I have different opinions on this matter however and(两个连次放一起感觉有点别扭呢) I will expand my idea from the following facets.

In the first place, major cities are always the center of a nation's politics, economy or culture, and represent the nation's impression. It is very common that people learn a nation through its major cities first, because major cities have great influence and have much possibility to be propagandized. For instance, when referring to America, New York or Washington is most likely to appear on people's brain(有点别扭); For France, it is Paris; For China, it is Peking or Shanghai; and it is same for other country. Thus, to guarantee the development of major cities is very important, however, the prosperity of minor cities or the rural areas are also quite important. If a nation only emphasize on large cities, and neglect the other areas, which cover most population of the nation, fortune polarization will come into being and even demolish the stabilization. Since the financial support of a nation is limited, the government should keep a balance between the support to major cities and other areas. On the other hand, after the development of a city has been operated well, it is completely possible that it can thrive depending on itself and does not need the nation support any more. 修改意见：(after fully development, the city can thrive  itself and does not need the nation support any more. dan)

In the second place, are a nation's cultural traditions always preserved and generated in cities? It depends. Cultural tradition is a widely concept; it can refer to the historic cite or cultural relic, likewise, it can also be customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior. Where the former or the latter locate is not necessary. Take the historic cites as an example. The famous Imperial Palace of China, where the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasty dwell and manage the country matters, locates at Peking, the capital of China. However, the world-famous rock caves locate at Dunhuang, a minor or correspondingly behindhand city. Moreover, when referring to the latter kind of culture, such as customs, minor cities or the rural areas are more likely to preserve them in respect that large cities are influenced by globalization dramatically and many customs have disappeared. When you go to megalopolis, you will have a familiar feeling in that you can find lots of high buildings and nosheries such as KFC all around similar to other megalopolises; Whereas, at small villages, you can experience the traditional life style of the nation.

In addition, financial support cannot ensure the preservation of cultural traditions and it needs the whole nation's consciousness. What's more, not all traditions are needed to be reserved; people should distinct essential from draffy.

To sum up, major cities, as well as the other areas, need the nation's financial supports, so the government should make a balance. But whether a city is flourishing or not does not have direct relation to the preservation of cultural traditions. They should be considered separately.

hzyj0322UID: 2155800

第一次盖贴，实在是看不出来有什么毛病了，不过我会尽力的啦

hzyj0322UID: 2155800

The author asserts that financial support should be ensured for major cities' prosperity in that a nation's cultural traditions are mainly preserved and generated in cities. As far as I am concerned, I have different opinions on this matter however and(两个连次放一起感觉有点别扭呢) I will expand my idea from the following facets.

In the first place, major cities are always the center of a nation's politics, economy or culture, and represent the nation's impression. It is very common that people learn a nation through its major cities first, because major cities have great influence and have much possibility to be propagandized. For instance, when referring to America, New York or Washington is most likely to appear on people's brain(有点别扭); For France, it is Paris; For China, it is Peking or Shanghai; and it is same for other country. Thus, to guarantee the development of major cities is very important, however, the prosperity of minor cities or the rural areas are also quite important. If a nation only emphasize on large cities, and neglect the other areas, which cover most population of the nation, fortune polarization will come into being and even demolish the stabilization. Since the financial support of a nation is limited, the government should keep a balance between the support to major cities and other areas. On the other hand, after the development of a city has been operated well, it is completely possible that it can thrive depending on itself and does not need the nation support any more. 修改意见：(after fully development, the city can thrive  itself and does not need the nation support any more. )


In the second place, are a nation's cultural traditions always preserved and generated in cities? It depends. Cultural tradition is a widely concept; it can refer to the historic cite or cultural relic, likewise, it can also be customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior. Where the former or the latter locate is not necessary. Take the historic cites as an example. The famous Imperial Palace of China[/color],（直接说故宫就好了） where the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasty dwell and manage the country matters, locates at Peking, the capital of China. However, the world-famous rock caves locate at Dunhuang, a minor or correspondingly behindhand city. Moreover, when referring to the latter kind of culture, such as customs, minor cities or the rural areas are more likely to preserve them in respect that large cities are influenced by globalization dramatically and many customs have disappeared. When you go to megalopolis, you will have a familiar feeling in that you can find lots of high buildings and nosheries such as KFC all around similar to other megalopolises; Whereas, at small villages, you can experience the traditional life style of the nation.

In addition, financial support cannot ensure the preservation of cultural traditions and it needs the whole nation's consciousness. What's more, not all traditions are needed to be reserved; people should distinct essential from draffy.

To sum up, major cities, as well as the other areas, need the nation's financial supports, so the government should make a balance. But whether a city is flourishing or not does not have direct relation to the preservation of cultural traditions. They should be considered separately。

[ Last edited by hzyj0322 on 2005-12-22 at 09:57 ]

hzyj0322UID: 2155800

差不多了

leedgenUID: 160823

amy的提纲好详细啊，赞一个

对于这道题，我有点疑问：
Issue10 "Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive, because it is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated."
翻译：政府必须要确保主要城市发展所需的财政支持，因为一个国家的文化传统主要是在城市中得以保存和发展。

题目中也没有写政府的财政支持是用于保护文化传统，可是我们却都是这么写的，对不对啊？大家来讨论一下吧

@amy@UID: 209096

:$ 谢谢大家~~ 嘿嘿，因为这个题目觉得好难，头绪很乱，只能写了详细的提纲才能开始写正文:(

题目中也没有写政府的财政支持是用于保护文化传统，可是我们却都是这么写的，对不对啊？大家来讨论一下吧

我觉得可能是只有经济发展到一定程度，物质得到保障，人们才会注意到去保护文化传统之类的事情，可也不需要到很繁荣的程度啊:L

leedgenUID: 160823

The author asserts that financial support should be ensured for major cities' prosperity in that a nation's cultural traditions are mainly preserved and generated in cities. As far as I am concerned, I have different opinions on this matter however and I will expand my idea from the following facets.开头真不错，赞

In the first place, major cities are always the center of a nation's politics, economy or culture, and represent the nation's impression（民族的形象这么说吗？）. It is very common that people learn a nation through its major cities first, because major cities have great influence and have much possibility to be propagandized. For instance, when referring to America, New York or Washington is most likely to appear on people's brain（brain改成mind）; For France, it is Paris; For China, it is Peking or Shanghai; and it is same for other country. Thus, to guarantee the development of major cities is very important, however, the prosperity of minor cities or the rural areas are also quite important. If a nation only emphasize on large cities, and neglectthe other areas, which cover most population of the nation, fortune polarization will come into being and even demolish the stabilization. Since the financial support of a nation is limited, the government should keep a balance between the support to major cities and other areas. On the other hand, after the development of a city has been operated well, it is completely possible that it can thrive depending on itself and does not need the nation support any more.

In the second place, are a nation's cultural traditions always preserved and generated in cities? It depends. Cultural tradition is a widely concept; it can refer to the historic cite or cultural relic, likewise, it can also be customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior. Where the former or the latter locate is not necessary. Take the historic cites as an example. The famous Imperial Palace of China, where the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasty dwell and manage the country matters, locates at Peking, the capital of China. However, the world-famous rock caves locate at Dunhuang, a minor or correspondingly behindhand city. Moreover, when referring to the latter kind of culture, such as customs, minor cities or the rural areas are more likely to preserve them in respect that large cities are influenced by globalization dramatically and many customs have disappeared. When you go to megalopolis, you will have a familiar feeling in that you can find lots of high buildings and nosheries such as KFC all around similar to other megalopolises; Whereas, at small villages, you can experience the traditional life style of the nation.

In addition, financial support cannot ensure the preservation of cultural traditions and it needs the whole nation's consciousness. What's more, not all traditions are needed to be reserved; people should distinct essential from draffy.这段才两句话啊？再展开点吧

To sum up, major cities, as well as the other areas, need the nation's financial supports, so the government should make a balance. But whether a city is flourishing or not does not have direct relation to the preservation of cultural traditions. They should be considered separately.

@amy@UID: 209096

The author asserts that financial support should be ensured for major cities' prosperity in that a nation's cultural traditions are mainly preserved and generated in cities. As far as I am concerned, I have different opinions on this matter however and I will expand my idea from the following facets.

In the first place, major cities are always the center of a nation's politics, economy or culture, and the representation to give impressions of the whole nation on the foreigners. It is very common that people learn a nation through its major cities first, because major cities have great influence and have much possibility to be propagandized. For instance, when referring to America, New York or Washington is most likely to appear on people's mind; For France, it is Paris; For China, it is Peking or Shanghai; and it is same for other country. Thus, to guarantee the development of major cities is very important, however, the prosperity of minor cities or the rural areas are also quite important. If a nation only emphasizes on large cities, and neglects the other areas, which cover most population of the nation, fortune polarization will come into being and even demolish the stabilization. Since the financial support of a nation is limited, the government should keep a balance between the support to major cities and other areas. On the other hand, after the development of a city has been operated well, it is completely possible that it can thrive depending on itself and does not need the nation support any more.

In the second place, are a nation's cultural traditions always preserved and generated in cities? It depends. Cultural tradition is a widely concept; it can refer to the historic cite or cultural relic, likewise, it can also be customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior. Where the former or the latter locate is not necessary. Take the historic cites as an example. The famous Palace Museum of China, where the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasty dwell and manage the country matters, locates in Peking, the capital of China. However, the world-famous rock caves locate at Dunhuang, a minor or correspondingly behindhand city. Moreover, when referring to the latter kind of culture, such as customs, minor cities or the rural areas are more likely to preserve them in respect that large cities are influenced by globalization dramatically and many customs have disappeared. When you go to megalopolis, you will have a familiar feeling in that you can find lots of high buildings and nosheries such as KFC all around similar to other megalopolises; Whereas, at small villages, you can experience the traditional life style of the nation.

In addition, financial support cannot ensure the preservation of cultural traditions and it needs the whole nation's consciousness. What's more, not all traditions are needed to be reserved; people should distinct essential from draffy. Take augury as an example. In the ancient time, people were used to auguring whether it was auspicious before doing anything or judging whether the constellations of the boy and girl were suitable before marriage. Undoubtedly, these are fetish and should not be inherited any longer.

To sum up, major cities, as well as the other areas, need the nation's financial supports, so the government should make a balance. But whether a city is flourishing or not does not have direct relation to the preservation of cultural traditions. They should be considered separately.