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TOPIC: ARGUMENT71 - Copper occurs in nature mixed with other minerals and valuable metals in ore, and the proportion of copper in the ore can vary considerably. Until fairly recently, the only way to extract pure copper from ore was by using a process that requires large amounts of electric energy, especially if the proportion of copper in the ore is low. New copper-extracting technologies can use up to 40 percent less electricity than the older method to process the same amount of raw ore, especially when the proportion of copper in the ore is high. Therefore, we can expect the amount of electricity used by the copper-extraction industry to decline significantly.
WORDS: 460 TIME: 0:35:39 DATE: 2006-7-13
In the argument above, the arguer concludes that the amount of electricity used by the copper-extraction industry will decline significantly, for the reason of the new technologies. This argument is relatively sound, however, the author fails to recognize all the elements necessary to evaluate his situation.
In the first place, in claiming that the new technologies will save more electricity the author depends on a series of vague data which render the conclusion inconvincible. The author points that when the proportion of copper in the ore is low, the older method could cost large amounts of electric energy, and that when the proportion is high the new technologies will save more electric, even up to 40 percent. However, perhaps when the proportion is low, the new technologies will cost equal electric energy as the older method, even more than the older one. If this is the case, the author must show the ration of the ore of low proportion in all the ore.
In second place, the author fails to make a thorough analysis on extracting copper. In common sense, it is impossible that the amount of pure copper extracted from the same amount of raw ore by different methods will be distinct, thus what we are concerned with in the technology of extracting copper not only the amount of electricity but also the extracting-rate, a index which shows the amount of the copper extracted from 1 ton raw ore in a certain proportion. No where in the argument, however, is the extracting-rate of two methods is discussed. If the copper exacted by the new technologies have much more impurities, the saving electricity will be meaningless. Consequently, the author must provide statistical data about the pure-rate of the new technologies.
In the third place, the author's conclusion that the amount of electricity used by the copper-extraction industry will decline significantly relies on the assumption that the new technologies will be adopted by most factories. However, it is not necessarily the case. Perhaps, the cost of switching to new technologies is too high to afford, so most factories cannot change to it immediately. And it is entirely possible that the save money through the new technologies is smaller than the cost of purchasing the new instruments. Further more, a few factories may consider that the shift of extracting method will cause to the change of workers or the cost of training the worker to operate the new instruments. So the author must offer substantial evidence to prove that most factories will adopt the new technologies.
In sum, to better convince me the author must provide more concrete information about the new technologies, such as the extracting-rate, the electricity consumption in every proportion, and also the cost of switching to new methods.
**感谢帮忙看过的朋友,请大家把自己的链接贴到回复中,我尽快回拍:)
[ 本帖最后由 winnie_nn 于 2006-7-13 18:33 编辑 ] |
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