同主题写作第六期Argument45

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45.The following appeared as an editorial in a wildlife journal.
"Arctic deer live on islands in Canada's arctic region. They search for food by moving over ice from island to island during the course of a year. Their habitat is limited to areas warm enough to sustain the plants on which they feed, and cold enough, at least some of the year, for the ice to cover the sea separating the islands, allowing the deer to travel over it. Unfortunately, according to reports from local hunters, the deer populations are declining. Since these reports coincide with recent global warming trends that have caused the sea ice to melt, we can conclude that the decline in arctic deer populations is the result of deer being unable to follow their age-old migration patterns across the frozen sea."

In this argument, the arguer concludes that the inability of deer to follow their age-old migration patterns across the frozen sea results in the decline in arctic populations. To strengthen the argument, the arguer points out that arctic deer search for food by moving over ice from island to island during the course of a year. Besides that, the arguer shows that the decline according to reports from local hunters coincides with recent global warming trends that have caused the sea ice to melt. However, this argument is suffering from several critical fallacies.

In the first place, the arguer fails to demonstrate that the population of arctic deer is declining, though there are reports from local hunters. As hunters hunt for their lives not for calculating the population of animals as researchers, their reports might not be truly correct. It is a possibility that in the area where they often go to hunt the population is declining, and deer may go to other places for food. It is also possible for them that they do not see the whole arctic deer in the area, as they usually go back after they hunt enough. So the arguer should make sure that the population of arctic deer is whether or not declining through scientific research.

In the second place, the arguer fails to convince us that the recent global warming trends could affect arctic deer’s search for food. Though the earth is becoming warmer and warmer year by year, the temperature is one or two higher than before. And this temperature may not highly influence the ice in the area where arctic deer live and get food. If it really melts ice more, there could still be time when it is cold enough for ice and arctic deer could get food. So it is hasty for arguer to correlate the recent global warming trends with less food for arctic deer.

In the third place, though the population of arctic deer is really declining, the arguer fails to convince us there is a causal relationship between recent global warming trends and the decline. There might be many reasons that could render the decline of the amount of arctic deer. It is possible that there is a plague raging in the arctic deer, which render many deer’s death. What is more, maybe too more hunt and kill caused the decline, or just for the struggle among arctic deer. According to the argument, the arguer may believe that it is for less food that lead to the decline, however, the arguer provides no evidence.

In sum, as there exist several fallacies listed above, it is hard for us to believe the conclusion of the argument. In order to give a clear and accurate outcome, the arguer would better make more research and provide more evidence.

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