issue87 同主题7~~

shmilyaUID: 2180336

TOPIC: ISSUE87 - "In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important discoveries."
WORDS: 615       TIME: 上午 12:45:00          DATE: 2006-8-4

提纲
1.新手较专家的优势
2.专家较新手的优势
3.现实中赋予专家的无关科学本身的优势
结论
考虑到现实情况 不公平竞争 专家胜出

To make important discoveries, the speaker maintaining, more possibilities belong to the beginner rather than the expert, no matter which field of inquiry are they in. Having some merits in it, his assertion is not so persuasive in my view--solely considering the process of inquiry from academic respect, the beginner and expert have the same opportunities to accomplish breakthroughs. However, taking the reality in to consideration, I have to say, it is the expert who enjoys the predominance to make discoveries.

Being a newcomer, the beginner is faces with a blank world of exploration, which endow him endless innovation and energy, while what the expert confront is a well established building, even a skyscraper. Just like the Chairman Mao has said (and I paraphrase): It is the blankness of paper that indicates a more promising blueprint. This saying invariably points out that less fundamental means less restriction and more possibility. Compared with an expert, a beginner prone to consider the same issue from more aspect, without keeping warning himself with some pre-existing principles in his mind, which may be a veil on the truth. Further, questioning, the essential of inquiry, is so exciting and appealing to beginners for they have something urging in their minds and nothing to lost while the expert have to take his skyscraper into consideration. Because of their authority, experts have to be prudent to challenge the classical and raise a newborn theory not only for his reputation but also for the stability of the whole society. All those mentioned reasons have showed the beginner do possess some benefit than the expert to make discoveries.
With more experience, the expert always have some special sense and feelings of this domain, which is crucial and central for discovery and could only harvest from time--the vital shortcomings of beginners, for which they  absolutely could do nothing to make up. When faced with a same collection of data, an expert, based on his aged experience, is prone to make a exacter observation and acuter judgment than the beginners. And when conducting an experiment he also knows more about the possible factors that may affect the result than the beginners, for maybe he has fail once in his early years. What's more, an expert maybe have cultivated the feelings to his filed  which makes him be more persistent in the road of inquiry while the beginner's flare of enthusiasm could easily be put out by frequent failures.  In these senses, the experts also has his own advantages to make discoveries.

If we be reality and turn our attention to our contemporary world, we can see many other advantages, which due to the social causes, for expert to attain discoveries. The most important one is that experiment, which relies on a firm financial supporting, has play an significant role in the process of inquiry. Experts, been acknowledged in his realm by the society, is more likely to obtain the money he want. When it comes to the beginner, finding the money support is a big problem for them, because he has nothing persuasive to convincing the investors that their money will come back with more interests. Without sufficient exploration, especially in the experiencing science area, great discoveries are really far away from the beginner. In addition, a discovery becomes into an acknowledged one after be examined by the public. There will be no denial that the authorities’ advantage in attracting the public’s attention. Meanwhile, a beginner’s discovery is highly probable to be ignored in the mass of new come outs, without drawing any attention. Consequently, the reality, not so fair as the science itself to gave the each individual the same opportunities to win out, provide more convenient to the expert.

No one will deny the beginner's advantages to discoveries, notwithstanding, the fact that all beginners proceed to the position of expert reveals that the reality give more advantages to experts besides their intrinsic advantages in the journey of inquiry. It then stands that the experts are more likely to make great discoveries, especially in contemporary society.