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发表于 2006-9-19 12:50:43
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NO.5-1
Section 1
8.APPLE:SKIN:: 苹果：皮
(A)potato:tuber 马铃薯：块茎
(B)melon:rind 瓜：瓜皮
(C)tomato:fruit 番茄：水果
(D)maize:cob 玉米：玉米棒子
(E)rhubarb:leafstalk 大黄：叶柄
[分析]
事物以及其表皮
9.FIRE:INFERNO:: 火：火海，地狱
(A)speech:shout 演讲：大喊
(B)wind:temperature 风：温度
(C)storm:hurricane 暴风雨：龙卷风
(D)whale:minnow 鲸鱼：小鱼
(E)plant:flower 植物：花
[词义]
inferno
n: a place or a state that resembles or suggests hell;intense heat
storm
n: 1, a heavy fall of rain, snow, or hail with high wind; 2, a violent outbreak or disturbance ;3, a mass attack on a defended position
[分析]
程度类比：火海比火程度深，范围大，一般的火不是灾难，火海就可能是灾害，或者意外了；龙卷风也是暴风雨过大，形成的灾害天气；同时火对风是自然元素的对应
10.BODYGUARD:PERSON:: 保镖：人
(A)police officer:traffic 警察：交通
(B)teacher:pupil 教师：小学生
(C)major:city 市长：城市
(D)soldier:country 战士：国家
(E)secretary:office 秘书：办公室
[分析]
保护关系：保镖保护人；战士保卫国家
11.LOPE:RUN:: 大步慢跑：跑
(A)uncover:lose 揭开：丢失
(B)view:see 看：看
(C)sigh:moan 叹气：呻吟
(D)chew:drink 咀嚼：喝
(E)drawl:speak 拉长声音慢慢说：说
[词义]
drawl
"v.
intransitive verb : to speak slowly with vowels greatly prolonged
transitive verb : to utter in a slow lengthened tone
n.
: a drawling manner of speaking"
lope
"n.
1 : an easy natural gait of a horse resembling a canter
2 : an easy usually bounding gait capable of being sustained for a long time
v.
: to move or ride at a lope"
[分析]
动词种属：动作的缓慢形式
12.HOAX:DECEIVE 骗局：欺骗
(A)scandal:vilify 丑闻：诽谤
(B)lottery:disburse 抽彩：支付
(C)gimmick:wheedle 噱头：欺骗
(D)filibuster:delay 阻碍议案通过：阻碍
(E)boast:cajole 自夸：甜言诱骗
[词义]
gimmick
"n.
1 a : a mechanical device for secretly and dishonestly controlling gambling apparatus b : an ingenious or novel mechanical device : GADGET
2 a : an important feature that is not immediately apparent : CATCH b : an ingenious and usually new scheme or angle c : a trick or device used to attract business or attention *a marketing gimmick*
v.
1 : to alter or influence by means of a gimmick
2 : to provide with a gimmick — often used with up"
filibuster
"n.
1 : an irregular military adventurer; specifically : an American engaged in fomenting insurrections in Latin America in the mid-19th century
2 [2filibuster] a : the use of extreme dilatory tactics in an attempt to delay or prevent action especially in a legislative assembly b : an instance of this practice
v.
intransitive verb
1 : to carry out insurrectionist activities in a foreign country
2 : to engage in a filibuster
transitive verb : to subject to a filibuster"
[分析]
这题宋昊的书认为是目的关系，我觉得可以理解为名词以及其性质：骗局是一种欺骗活动；阻碍议案通过是一种阻碍活动
13.ALCOVE:RECESS:: 壁龛：凹陷
(A)turret:chimney 塔楼：烟囱
(B)dome:roof 圆屋顶：屋顶
(C)column:entrance 柱子：入口
(D)foyer:ballroom 门厅：大舞厅
(E)foundation:building 基础：建筑物
[词义]
alcove
"1 a : a small recessed section of a room : NOOK b : an arched opening (as in a wall) : NICHE
2 : SUMMERHOUSE 2"
dome
"1 archaic : a stately building : MANSION
2 : a large hemispherical roof or ceiling
3 : a natural formation or structure that resembles the dome or cupola of a building
4 : a form of crystal composed of planes parallel to a lateral axis that meet above in a horizontal edge like a roof
5 : an upward fold in rock whose sides dip uniformly in all directions
6 : a roofed sports stadium
7 : a person's head"
[分析]
种属关系：壁龛是一种凹陷；圆屋顶是一种屋顶
14.BALLAST:INSTABILITY 压舱物：不稳定
(A) buoy:direction 浮标：方向
(B)purchase:slippage 支点（钱包）：滑动
(C)lathe:metal 车床：金属
(D)pulley:leverage 滑轮：杠杆作用
(E)hoist:elevator 起重机：电梯
[词义]
purchase
"transitive verb
1 a archaic : GAIN, ACQUIRE b : to acquire (real estate) by means other than descent c : to obtain by paying money or its equivalent : BUY d : to obtain by labor, danger, or sacrifice
2 : to constitute the means for buying *our dollars purchase less each year*
intransitive verb : to purchase something"
[分析]
消除关系，通过左边的事物，使得右边的状态或者动作消失，失去作用
15.MUFFLE:SOUND 消音：声音
(A)assuage:grief 平息，抚慰：悲伤
(B)maul:object 伤害：物体
(C)extract:flavor 提取：味道
(D)endure:agony 忍受：痛苦
(E)conceal:secret 隐瞒：秘密
[词义]
agony
"1 a : intense pain of mind or body : ANGUISH, TORTURE b : the struggle that precedes death
2 : a violent struggle or contest
3 : a strong sudden display (as of joy or delight) : OUTBURST
synonyms see DISTRESS"
maul
"n.
: a heavy often wooden-headed hammer used especially for driving wedges; also : a tool like a sledgehammer with one wedge-shaped end that is used to split wood
v.
1 : BEAT, BRUISE
2 : MANGLE 1
3 : to handle roughly"
assuage
"1 : to lessen the intensity of (something that pains or distresses) : EASE *unable to assuage their grief*
2 : PACIFY, QUIET *vainly stroveTto assuage an implacable foe — Edward Gibbon*
3 : to put an end to by satisfying : APPEASE, QUENCH *assuaging his thirst*
synonyms see RELIEVE"
[分析]
消除关系
16. MITIGATE:SEVERE:: 平息，抚慰：严重的
(A)compile:available 编译：可获得的
(B)restore:new 恢复：新的
(C)contribute:charitable 捐助：仁慈的
(D)venerate:reverent 尊敬：尊敬的
(E)quality:general 使合格的：一般的
[词义]
quality
"adj.
: being of high quality
n.
1 a : peculiar and essential character : NATURE *her ethereal quality — Gay Talese* b : an inherent feature : PROPERTY *had a quality of stridence, dissonance — Roald Dahl* c : CAPACITY, ROLE *in the quality of reader and companion — Joseph Conrad*
2 a : degree of excellence : GRADE *the quality of competing air service — Current Biography* b : superiority in kind *merchandise of quality*
3 a : social status : RANK b : ARISTOCRACY
4 a : a distinguishing attribute : CHARACTERISTIC *possesses many fine qualities* b archaic : an acquired skill : ACCOMPLISHMENT
5 : the character in a logical proposition of being affirmative or negative
6 : vividness of hue
7 a : TIMBRE b : the identifying character of a vowel sound determined chiefly by the resonance of the vocal chambers in uttering it
8 : the attribute of an elementary sensation that makes it fundamentally unlike any other sensation
synonyms QUALITY, PROPERTY, CHARACTER, ATTRIBUTE mean an intelligible feature by which a thing may be identified. QUALITY is a general term applicable to any trait or characteristic whether individual or generic *material with a silky quality*. PROPERTY implies a characteristic that belongs to a thing's essential nature and may be used to describe a type or species *the property of not conducting heat*. CHARACTER applies to a peculiar and distinctive quality of a thing or a class *remarks of an unseemly character*. ATTRIBUTE implies a quality ascribed to a thing or a being *the traditional attributes of a military hero*."
venerate
"1 : to regard with reverential respect or with admiring deference
2 : to honor (as an icon or a relic) with a ritual act of devotion
synonyms see REVERE"
[分析]
消除关系，这里重点在于对于答案qualify:general的理解。“使合格”是设定了一些要求，然后在候选的一般性事物中选择满足要求的称为“使合格”，这样原来“一般的”东西就也成为具有相应属性的特殊事物了。
Section2
8.BABBLE:TALK:: 说蠢话：说
(A)chisel:sculpt 凿子：雕刻
(B)harmonize:sing 使和谐：唱
(C)scribble:write 涂鸦：写
(D)hint:imply 暗示：隐含
(E)quibble:elude 遁词，吹毛求疵的反对：躲避
[词义]
quibble
"v.
intransitive verb
1 : to evade the point of an argument by caviling about words
2 a : CAVIL, CARP b : BICKER
transitive verb : to subject to quibbles
n.
1 : an evasion of or shift from the point
2 : a minor objection or criticism"
hint
"n.
1 archaic : OPPORTUNITY, TURN
2 a : a statement conveying by implication what it is preferred not to say explicitly b : an indirect or summary suggestion *helpful hints*
3 : a slight indication of the existence, approach, or nature of something : CLUE
4 : a very small amount : SUGGESTION *with just a hint of spice*
v.
transitive verb : to convey indirectly and by allusion rather than explicitly *a suspicion that she scarcely dared to hint*
intransitive verb : to give a hint — usually used with at *hint at the answer*
synonyms see SUGGEST"
scribble
"transitive verb
1 : to write hastily or carelessly without regard to legibility or form
2 : to cover with careless or worthless writings or drawings
intransitive verb : to write or draw hastily and carelessly"
[分析]
动词种属：胡乱对正常
9.SYLLABUS:COURSE:: 教学大纲：课程
(A)rules:jury 裁决：陪审团
(B)map:destination 地图：目的地
(C)recipe:ingredients 菜谱：成分，原料
(D)appetizer:meal 开胃品：一顿饭
(E)agenda:meeting 开会议程：会议
[词义]
agenda
"1 : a list or outline of things to be considered or done *agendas of faculty meetings*
2 : an underlying often ideological plan or program *a political agenda*"
[分析]
预先的安排组织；同时教学大纲跟开会议程都是纲领性的材料，也很对应
10.VARNISH:WOOD:: 上清漆：木头
(A)etch:glass 蚀刻：玻璃
(B)tarnish:silver 使失去光泽：银
(C)wax:linoteum 上蜡：油毡
(D)burnish:metal 抛光：金属
(E)bleach:fabric 漂白：纺织品（结构）
[词义]
wax
"vt.
1 a : to treat or rub with wax usually for polishing, stiffening, or reducing friction b : to apply wax to (as legs) as a depilatory
2 : to record on phonograph records
3 slang : to defeat decisively (as in an athletic contest)
vi.
1 a : to increase in size, numbers, strength, prosperity, or intensity b : to grow in volume or duration c : to grow toward full development
2 : to increase in phase or intensity — used chiefly of the moon, other satellites, and inferior planets
3 : to assume a (specified) characteristic, quality, or state : BECOME *wax indignant* *wax poetic*"
etch
"v.
transitive verb
1 a : to produce (as a pattern or design) on a hard material by eating into the material's surface (as by acid or laser beam) b : to subject to such etching
2 : to delineate or impress clearly *scenes etched in our minds* *pain was etched on his features*
intransitive verb : to practice etching
n.
1 : the action or effect of etching a surface
2 : a chemical agent used in etching"
[分析]
左边给右边涂物质使之发光，受保护
11.PITCH:SOUND:: 音调（投掷）：声音
(A)color:light 颜色：光
(B)mass:weight 质量：重量
(C)force:pressure 力：压力
(D)energy:heat 能量：热
(E)velocity:time 速度：时间
[词义]
color
"n.
1 a : a phenomenon of light (as red, brown, pink, or gray) or visual perception that enables one to differentiate otherwise identical objects b (1) : the aspect of the appearance of objects and light sources that may be described in terms of hue, lightness, and saturation for objects and hue, brightness, and saturation for light sources *the changing color of the sky*; also : a specific combination of hue, saturation, and lightness or brightness *comes in six colors* (2) : a color other than and as contrasted with black, white, or gray
2 a : an outward often deceptive show : APPEARANCE *his story has the color of truth* b : a legal claim to or appearance of a right, authority, or office c : a pretense offered as justification : PRETEXT *she could have drawn from the Versailles treaty the color of legality for any action she chose — Yale Review* d : an appearance of authenticity : PLAUSIBILITY *lending color to this notion*
3 : complexion tint: a : the tint characteristic of good health b : BLUSH
4 a : vividness or variety of effects of language b : LOCAL COLOR
5 a : an identifying badge, pennant, or flag — usually used in plural *a ship sailing under Swedish colors* b : colored clothing distinguishing one as a member of a particular group or representative of a particular person or thing — usually used in plural *a jockey wearing the colors of the stable*
6 a plural : position as to a question or course of action : STAND *the USSR changed neither its colors nor its stripes during all of this — Norman Mailer* b : CHARACTER, NATURE — usually used in plural *showed himself in his true colors*
7 a : the use or combination of colors b : two or more hues employed in a medium of presentation *movies in color*
8 plural a : a naval or nautical salute to a flag being hoisted or lowered b : ARMED FORCES
9 : VITALITY, INTEREST *the play had a good deal of color to it*
10 : something used to give color : PIGMENT
11 : the quality of timbre in music *the color and richness of the cello*
12 : skin pigmentation especially other than white characteristic of race *a person of color*
13 : a small particle of gold in a gold miner's pan after washing
14 : analysis of game action or strategy, statistics and background information on participants, and often anecdotes provided by a sportscaster to give variety and interest to the broadcast of a game or contest *a color commentator*
15 : a hypothetical property of quarks that differentiates each type into three forms having a distinct role in binding quarks together
v.
transitive verb
1 a : to give color to b : to change the color of (as by dyeing, staining, or painting)
2 : to change as if by dyeing or painting: as a : MISREPRESENT, DISTORT b : GLOSS, EXCUSE *color a lie* c : INFLUENCE *the lives of most of us have been colored by politics — Christine Weston*
3 : CHARACTERIZE, LABEL *call it progress; color it inevitable with shades of job security — C. E. Price*
intransitive verb : to take on color; specifically : BLUSH"
pitch
"n.
1 : a black or dark viscous substance obtained as a residue in the distillation of organic materials and especially tars
2 : any of various bituminous substances
3 : resin obtained from various conifers and often used medicinally
4 : any of various artificial mixtures resembling resinous or bituminous pitches
n2.
1 a : SLOPE; also : degree of slope : RAKE b : the distance between any of various things: as (1) : distance between one point on a gear tooth and the corresponding point on the next tooth (2) : distance from any point on the thread of a screw to the corresponding point on an adjacent thread measured parallel to the axis c : the theoretical distance a propeller would advance longitudinally in one revolution d : the number of teeth or of threads per inch e : a unit of width of type based on the number of times a letter can be set in a linear inch
2 : the action or a manner of pitching; especially : an up-and-down movement — compare YAW
3 archaic : TOP, ZENITH
4 a : the relative level, intensity, or extent of some quality or state *tensions rose to a feverish pitch* b (1) : the property of a sound and especially a musical tone that is determined by the frequency of the waves producing it : highness or lowness of sound (2) : a standard frequency for tuning instruments c (1) : the difference in the relative vibration frequency of the human voice that contributes to the total meaning of speech (2) : a definite relative pitch that is a significant phenomenon in speech
5 a : a steep place : DECLIVITY b : the portion of a route (as in mountain climbing or caving) between belay points
5 a : a steep place : DECLIVITY b : the portion of a route (as in mountain climbing or caving) between belay points
6 chiefly British a : an outdoor site (as for camping or doing business) b : PLAYING FIELD 1
7 : an all-fours game in which the first card led is a trump
8 a : an often high-pressure sales presentation b : ADVERTISEMENT c : RECOMMENDATION, PLUG *made a pitch for tax cuts*
9 a : the delivery of a baseball by a pitcher to a batter b : a baseball so thrown c : PITCHOUT 2"
[分析]
事物与属性；声对光
12.DISCOMFITED:BLUSH:: 慌乱的：脸红的
(A)nonplussed:weep 慌乱的：啜泣
(B)contemptuous:sneer 蔑视的：轻蔑
(C)affronted:blink 被冒犯的：眨眼
(D)sullen:groan 忧郁的：呻吟
(E)aggrieved:gloat 受伤害的：窃喜，幸灾乐祸
[词义]
nonplussed
" : to cause to be at a loss as to what to say, think, or do : PERPLEX
synonyms see PUZZLE"
blush
"n.
1 : outward appearance : VIEW *at first blush*
2 : a reddening of the face especially from shame, modesty, or confusion
3 : a red or rosy tint
4 : a cosmetic applied to the face to give a usually pink color or to accent the cheekbones
v.
1 : to become red in the face especially from shame, modesty, or confusion
2 : to feel shame or embarrassment
3 : to have a rosy or fresh color : BLOOM"
discomfitted
mw无此词
[分析]：
动作以及其表达感情
13.INVINCIBLE:SUBDUED:: 无法征服的：被征服的
(A)inconsistent:expressed 不连贯的：被表达的
(B)impervious:damaged 坚不可摧的，不能渗透的：被损坏的
(C)imprudent:enacted 不谨慎的：被颁布的
(D)bolted:separated 分开的：被分开的
(E)expensive:bought 贵的：被买的
[词义]
bolted
"1 : to move suddenly or nervously : START
2 : to move or proceed rapidly : DASH
3 a : to dart off or away : FLEE b : to break away from control or a set course
4 : to break away from or oppose one's previous affiliation (as with a political party or sports team)
5 : to produce seed prematurely
transitive verb
1 a archaic : SHOOT, DISCHARGE b : FLUSH, START *bolt rabbits*
2 : to say impulsively : BLURT
3 : to secure with a bolt *bolt the door*
4 : to attach or fasten with bolts
5 : to eat hastily or without chewing *bolted his breakfast*
6 : to break away from or refuse to support (as a political party)"
imprudent
: not prudent : lacking discretion, wisdom, or good judgment *an imprudent investor*
invincible
: incapable of being conquered, overcome, or subdued *a seemingly invincible army*
[分析]
对立关系：无法征服的是不可以征服的；不能渗透的是不能被损坏的
14. STRIATED:GROOVE:: 条纹的：线条
(A)adorned:detail 被装饰的：细节
(B)woven:texture 被编织的：纹理，质地
(C)engraved:curve 被雕刻的：曲线
(D)constructed:design 被建造的：设计
(E)braided:strand 股状的：绳子的一股（搁浅）
[词义]
braided
"1 a : to make from braids *braid a rug* b : to form (three or more strands) into a braid
2 : to do up (the hair) by interweaving three or more strands
3 : MIX, INTERMINGLE *braid fact with fiction*
4 : to ornament especially with ribbon or braid"
strand
"n1
: the land bordering a body of water : SHORE, BEACH
n2.
1 a : fibers or filaments twisted, plaited, or laid parallel to form a unit for further twisting or plaiting into yarn, thread, rope, or cordage b : one of the wires twisted together or laid parallel to form a wire rope or cable c : something (as a molecular chain) resembling a strand *a strand of DNA*
2 : an element (as a yarn or thread) of a woven or plaited material
3 : an elongated or twisted and plaited body resembling a rope *a strand of pearls*
4 : one of the elements interwoven in a complex whole *one strand of the novel's plot*"
[分析]
名词与其对应形容词
15.DOGGEREL:VERSE:: 打油诗：诗
(A)burlesque:play 讽刺的戏剧：戏剧
(B)sketch:drawing 素描（概叙）：画
(C)operetta:symphony 歌剧：交响乐
(D)fable:narration 寓言：叙事文
(E)limerick:sonnet 五行打油诗：十四行诗
[词义]
burlesque
"n.
1 : a literary or dramatic work that seeks to ridicule by means of grotesque exaggeration or comic imitation
2 : mockery usually by caricature
3 : theatrical entertainment of a broadly humorous often earthy character consisting of short turns, comic skits, and sometimes striptease acts
synonyms see CARICATURE
v.
transitive verb : to imitate in a humorous or derisive manner : MOCK
intransitive verb : to employ burlesque"
[分析]
种属关系：滑稽，非正式对应大概念
16.DROLL:LAUGH:: 好笑的：笑
(A)grisly:flinch 令人恐怖的：害怕
(B)bland:tire 平淡的：厌烦
(C)shrill:shriek 刺耳的：尖叫
(D)coy:falter 腼腆的：支吾
(E)wily:smirk 狡猾的：傻笑
[词义]
falter
"v.
intransitive verb
1 a : to walk unsteadily : STUMBLE b : to give way : TOTTER *could feel my legs faltering* c : to move waveringly or hesitatingly
2 : to speak brokenly or weakly : STAMMER *her voice faltered*
3 a : to hesitate in purpose or action : WAVER *he never faltered in his determination* b : to lose drive or effectiveness *the business was faltering*
transitive verb : to utter hesitatingly or brokenly
synonyms see HESITATE
n.
: an act or instance of faltering"
wily
": full of wiles : CRAFTY *a wily negotiator*
synonyms see SLY"
coy
"adj.
1 a : shrinking from contact or familiarity *'tis but a kiss I beg, Why art thou coy? — Shakespeare* b : marked by cute, coquettish, or artful playfulness *using coy tricks to attract attention*
2 : showing reluctance to make a definite commitment *a coy response*
synonyms see SHY
v.
transitive verb obsolete : CARESS
intransitive verb , archaic : to act coyly"
droll
"adj.
: having a humorous, whimsical, or odd quality *his dignified presence decorated our droll little quarters — Gwendolyn Brooks*
n.
: an amusing person : JESTER, COMEDIAN"
[分析]
因果关系：好笑的，所以笑；令人恐怖的，所以害怕 |
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发表于 2006-9-19 13:24:54
发表于 2006-9-19 20:19:13
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