Scientific American 60 Second Science听抄（有音频文件）

kelediguoUID: 149939

on dcb

2007-8-3

Programs that encourage only abstinence from sex do not lower the risk of HIV infections in the United States. That’s the conclusion over a review published by (no the) University of Oxford researchers in the August 4th issue of the British Medical Journal. Currently a third of all the HIV prevention funding under the US (no 's) Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief goes to abstinence-only programs which limits funding available for other safer sex initiatives. The Oxford researchers reviewed 13 US-based trials that examined over 15,000 subjects. The data suggest (no s) that abstinence-only programs didn’t prevent sex or decrease frequency for those already having sex. Nor did the programs lower the incidence of unprotected sex. An accompanying editorial in the British Medical Journal notes that programs that promote condom use have been shown to lower the risk of HIV infection. The US Senate has already agreed to spend another 141 million dollars on abstinence-only programs. Prediction in a new study will probably not change that appropriation. Don’t expect programs based on ideology to be affected by scientific findings.

[ 本帖最后由 kelediguo 于 2007-8-4 04:40 编辑 ]

H-KevinUID: 2182070

2007-8-3

Based on kelediguo

Programs that encourage only abstinence from sex do not lower the risk of HIV infections in the United States. That’s the conclusion over a review published by University of Oxford researchers in the August 4th issue of the British Medical Journal. Currently a third of all the HIV prevention funding under the US Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief goes to abstinence-only programs which limits funding available for other safer sex initiatives. The Oxford researchers reviewed 13 US-based trials that examined over 15,000 subjects. The data suggest that abstinence-only programs didn’t prevent sex or decrease frequency for those already having sex. Nor did the programs lower the incidence of unprotected sex. An accompanying editorial in the British Medical Journal notes that programs that promote condom use have been shown to lower the risk of HIV infection. The US Senate has already agreed to spend another 141 million dollars on abstinence-only programs. Prediction in a new study will probably not change that appropriation. Don’t expect programs based on ideology to be affected by scientific findings.

liucirongUID: 2215759

August 03, 2007: 60-Second Science Abstinence-Only Programs Fail

A British Medical Journal study finds that HIV-prevention abstinence-only programs don't work. Steve Mirsky reports.

Programs that encourage only abstinence from sex do not lower the risk of HIV infections in the Unite States. That’s the conclusion of(over) a review published by University of Oxford researchers in the August 4th issue of the British Medical Journal. Currently, a third of all the HIV prevention funding under the US Emergency Plan for AIDS eɪdz Relief goes to abstinence only programs which limits funding available for other safer sex initiatives. The Oxford researchers reviewed 13 US-based trails that examined over 15,000 subjects. The data suggested that abstinence only programs didn’t prevent sex or decrease frequency for those already having sex, nor did the programs lower the incidence of unprotected sex. And accompanying editorial in the British Medical Journal notes that programs that promote use have been shown to lower the risk of HIV infection. The US Senate has already agreed to spend other $141m on abstinence only programs. Predication in a new study will probably not change that proporation(appropriation). Don’t expect programs based on ideology to be affected by scientific findings.

Mistakes 10

New words:

editorialˌediˈtɔ:riəla.编者的；社论的 n.(报刊的)社论，重要评论

condoms（男用）避孕套,

Senateˈsenitn.参议院，上院
ideology  [ˌaidiˈɔlədʒi]n.思想(体系)，思想意识
没听出与听错:
appropriation  [əˌprəupriˈeiʃən]n.拨款，挪用公款
of(over)

initiatives

The data suggested that

Grammar mistakes:

Predication in a new study

nor did the programs lower

reading material:

from science daily

Abstinence Programs Fail To Cut Risk Of HIV Infection

Science Daily — Programmes that exclusively encourage abstinence from sex do not seem to affect the risk of HIV infection in high income countries, finds a review of the evidence in the British Medical Journal.

This also calls into question the continued use of public money to fund abstinence only programmes in the United States.

Abstinence only programmes encourage sexual abstinence as the exclusive means of preventing HIV infection, without promoting safer sex behaviours, but their effectiveness in high income settings remains unclear.

At present, thirty-three per cent of HIV prevention funds from the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) are used for abstinence only programmes. This limits the funding available for other safer sex strategies. Domestic US programs also receive substantial federal and state funding.

A pre-existing review has already examined programme effectiveness in low income countries, so researchers at the University of Oxford reviewed 13 trials involving over 15,000 US youths to assess the effects of abstinence only programmes in high income countries.

Programmes aimed to prevent HIV infection or HIV and pregnancy. They measured self reported biological and behavioural outcomes such as sexually transmitted infection, pregnancy, frequency of unprotected sex, number of partners, and sexual initiation.

Compared with various controls, no programme had a beneficial effect on incidence of unprotected vaginal sex, number of partners, condom use, sexual initiation, incidence of pregnancy, or incidence of sexually transmitted infection.

The results also suggest that abstinence only programmes did not increase primary abstinence (prevention) or secondary abstinence (decreased incidence and frequency of recent sex).

Despite some study limitations, these conclusions are consistent with previous reviews that found no evidence of an effect of abstinence only programmes in developing countries or the United States, say the authors. They call for more rigorous evaluations of these programmes in the future.

They also point out that the US Senate has agreed to extend funding of community based abstinence education (CBAE) to $141m which, in view of this evidence, needs to be reconsidered, they argue.

In contrast to abstinence only programmes, programmes that promote the use of condoms greatly reduce the risk of acquiring HIV, especially when such programmes are culturally tailored behavioural interventions targeting people at highest risk of HIV infection, say researchers in an accompanying editorial.

They suggest that in the United States priority should be given to culturally sensitive, sex specific, behavioural interventions that target Black and Hispanic patients in clinics for sexually transmitted infections, men who have sex with men, and adolescents being treated for drug misuse who are at highest risk of acquiring HIV.

In the developing world the contribution of the "ABC" message (abstinence, be faithful, use a condom) also remains unknown, they conclude.

Note: This story has been adapted from a news release issued by BMJ-British Medical Journal.

[ 本帖最后由 liucirong 于 2007-8-4 14:15 编辑 ]

xbx_leeUID: 129512

You got it: The data suggested that...

zhenzhen_163UID: 196150

原帖由 xbx_lee 于 2007-8-4 15:05 发表
You got it: The data suggested that...

Although both suggested and suggest are grammatically correct, Steve distinctly said "suggest".  :)

zhenzhen_163UID: 196150

:)   Top-down in action again.  :)

Prediction: The new study will probably not change that appropriation. Don’t expect programs based on ideology to be affected by scientific findings.

This is the announcer’s short conclusion. He was expressing his pessimistic view and predicting that the Oxford study would probably not sway the US lawmakers.

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

The Tour de France ended Sunday with 24-year-old Spaniard Alberto Contador taking home the yellow jersey. The doping scandals tarred the race which is a shame because what clean riders duo is a Superhuman. They cover, and quickly 2200 miles in 20 days over mountains. Contador spent 90 hours in the saddle during the race. The other 140 cyclists who finished spent even more time riding because they were slower. And according to researchers at Pennington Biomedical Research Center at Baton Rouge, the riders need more than 20 million calories to complete the course. To put that in perspective, 20 million calories is what’s in about 72000 cheese burgers. That worked out to be equivalent of about 25 cheese burger per rider per day. When they were on the road, each tour rider generates somewhere between 250-350 watts. If all that power could be captured, the one million people lining the course everyday to watch the Pelletonspeech by could probably run all of their iPods and radio off the cyclists’ output, plus have enough left over to cook up a cheese burger of their own.

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

Wednesday's mountain stage was supposed to be the most exciting in the 2007 Tour de France, but once again the cloud of doping has descended on the world's biggest cycling race.
Tuesday's rest day was full of bad news for the Tour: Alexandre Vinokourov of Kazakhstan, the popular prerace favorite who came back from early crashes to win two stages, tested positive for blood doping in his July 21 time trial win. His B sample test results are expected by the end of the week, but Vinokourov and his Astana team have already been booted from the Tour.


TOUR TROUBLE: Vinokourov tests positive

Police raided the team's hotel in the southern city of Pau after the test result was revealed, looking for evidence because sports doping is a criminal offense in France.

Across town, race leader Michael Rasmussen fielded tough questions about his alleged involvement in shipping banned bovine blood products to Italy in 2002, as well as having missed four drug tests in the past year because he did not provide notice of his whereabouts, which is required under anti-doping rules.

wjy3368UID: 2197206

:) :handshake

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

Programs that encourage only abstinence from sex do not lower the risk of HIV infections in the United States. That’s the conclusion of a review published by University of Oxford researchers in August fourth issue of the British Medical Journal. Currently a third of all HIV prevention funding under the US emergency plan for AIDS relief goes to abstinence only program which limits funding available for other safer sex initiatives. The Oxford researchers review 13 US-based trials that examined over 15000 subjects. The data suggested that abstinence didn’t prevent sex or decrease frequency for those who already have sex, nor did the programs lower the incidents of unprotected sex. An accompanying editorial in the British Medical Journal notes that programs that promote condom use have been shown to lower the risk of HIV infection. The US senate has already agreed to spend another 141 million dollars on abstinence only programs. Prediction in a new study will probably not change that appropriation. Don’t expect programs based on ideology to be affected by scientific findings.

H-KevinUID: 2182070

August 1

Could reading be good for your health, in more ways than one? Last week we talked about research that shows far higher mortality rates in people with low literacy skills. They just don’t know how to follow health care advice. This week’s study published by the American Academy of Neurology found stronger reading skills seems to help shield lead smelter workers from toxic damage. The new study divided smelter workers in Canada into two groups: those with high and lower cognitive reserve. That’s the brain’s ability to function in spite of damage. The workers were tested from cognitive skills--how fast they think, motor speed skills--how fast they react, and reading ability. Despite similar level of exposure to lead, the groups showed very different results. The cognitive effects of lead were 2.5 times greater than workers with poor reading ability. Scientists think that heavy reading could contribute to more brain capacity and an ease of using alternative circuits, a kind of brain backup system. Still, the fancy book learning wasn’t the curer. Exposure to lead impacted the motor speed of both groups in about the same way.

bolai808UID: 2206779

第一次听写，bow～

August 03, 2007: 60-Second Science
Abstinence-Only Programs Fail

This is Scientific American's 60 seconds science. I'm Steve Mursky. This is all just take a minute.

Programs that encourage only abstinence from sex do not lower the risk of HIV infections in the United States. That's the conlusion over a view published by university of Oxford researchers in the August 4th issues of the British Medical Journal. Currently, a third of all the HIV prevention funding under US emergency plan for AIDS relief goes to abstinence-only programs which limits funding available for the other safer initiatives. The Oxford researchers review 13 US basic trials that examine 15,000 subjects. The datas suggest that the abstinence-only programs didn't prevent sex or decrease frequency for those already having sex, nor did the program lower the incidence of unprotected sex. And the commenting on the editorial British Medical Journal notes that program that promots condom use have been showed to lower the risk of HIV infection. The US senate has already agreeded to spend another 140 million dallors on abstinence-only programs. Prediction, the new study will propably not change that proportion. Don't expect the program based on the ideology to be effective by scitific findings.

Thanks for the munite for the Scientific American's 60 seconds Science. I'm Steve Mursky

hy0709UID: 2373277

高手们，小弟刚开始听～我听抄只能是一句句的听抄，做不到每听一遍记核心信息，而且我打字速度似乎没手写快，请问练习初期有什么好方法没？中期和后期呢？:)

dcbUID: 2232749

Aug 03

On the August 2rd episode, we talked about the amazingly high ?(not catch) of the cyclists competing in the Tour de France. Now comes a study about a group of animal athletes that burns sugar three times faster than even world-class cyclists. They're nectar-feeding bats. And they go though their fuel faster than any other mammal on earth, according to research reported in the journal Functional Ecology. The bats' hover, and that kind of fly, really burns energy. The scientists fed long-tongued bats. They need those long-tongues to get at the nectar in flowers. They fed the bats sugar, labeled with radioactive carbon and then measured the carbon at the bats' exhale. They found that bats burned the sugars and ingested within minutes. And after less than half of an hour, they were fueling all of their metabolism with the new sugar. The highest rates in humans are on athletes who can fuel about a third of their metabolisms from recently suck-down(not sure) power drinks. Most mammals store energy in an excess, but the bad lifestyle require them to develop a just-in-time sugar delivery system.

[ 本帖最后由 dcb 于 2007-8-6 15:07 编辑 ]

wcr27UID: 174576

August 06
On the August second episode, we talked about the amazingly high caloric needs of the cyclists competing in the Tour de France. Now comes a study about a group of animal athletes that burns sugar three times faster than even world-class cyclists. They are Nectar-feeding bats and they go though their fuel faster than any other mammal on earth. According to researchers reported in the Journal Functional Ecology. The bats' hover and that kind  fly really burns energy. The scientists fed long-tongue bats. They need those long-tongue to get the Nectar in flowers. They fed the bats sugar, labelled with radioactive carbon and then measured the carbon at the bats' exhale. They found that bats burned the sugars and ingested within minutes and after less than half  an hour, they were fueling all of their metabolism with the new sugar. The highest rates in humans are athletes who can fuel about a third of their metabolisms from recently suck-down power drinks. Most mammals store energy and excess it, but the bat lifestyle require them to develop a just-in-time sugar delivery system.