argument147 『勇往直前小组』第六次作业linshao

linshaoUID：2338229

ARGUMENT147 - The following appeared in an editorial in a business magazine.
"Although the sales of Whirlwind video games have declined over the past two years, a recent survey of video-game players suggests that this sales trend is about to be reversed. The survey asked video-game players what features they thought were most important in a video game. According to the survey, players prefer games that provide lifelike graphics, which require the most up-to-date computers. Whirlwind has just introduced several such games with an extensive advertising campaign directed at people 10 to 25 years old, the age-group most likely to play video games. It follows, then, that the sales of Whirlwind video games are likely to increase dramatically in the next few months."
尽管Whirlwind游戏公司的游戏销量在过去两年中下降了，最近一次对于电子游戏玩家的调查显示这种销售趋势可能会逆转。该调查询问游戏玩家对于一个游戏来说他们所认为的最重要特征是什么。根据调查结果，玩家倾向于那些需要最先进的电脑的，具有活灵活现图象的游戏。Whirlwind刚刚面向10－25岁的人群开展了大力的广告活动来推广若干此类游戏，10－25岁是最喜欢玩游戏的年龄层。这说明Whirlwind公司的游戏销量将会在未来几个月猛增。

In this editorial, the author claims that the sales of Whirlwind video games will increase dramatically in the future for the new games with lifelike graphics. However, the argument is not cogent for several reasons.

First of all, the author’ argument based on an assumption that the declined sales our company can be revised by selling new popular games and new ad policy. However, the author ignores the other facts which can influence the sales. There is no evidence to indicate that our decline is caused by the unpopular game type and inefficient ad. It is possible that a restricting was made to limit the children and youth for playing violent games. If so, the games with lifelike graphics which always were graded as violent level still could not be sold to the youth. Or the whole game market was in depression because of the piracy, so our action in game types would be useless to improve our sales but to increase the profits of those illegal merchants. Before making any conclusion, the author should take into account other reasons causing the sells decline.

Furthermore, the fact that respondents prefer games that provide lifelike graphics cannot get the conclusion that they are willing to buy our new games. First, the games need most up-to-date computers, which cost too much. Considering that many of the game players are very young, most of our respondents may be the youths who have lower economical condition. If they cannot afford the high price of new computers, the games will still be unavailable to them. Second, common sense informs me that to appraise a game, the graphics is important, however, besides it there are many factors need to be considered, as music, sound effect, the multiple function and the plot. Therefore only excellent in graphics is insufficient to assume us to get increased sales. People who buy games will consider more than only graphics. If the new games are less performance in other factors, the customer will still be unwilling to buy our products. Without detailed introduction of our new games, the author’s prediction remains unconvincing.

In sum, this paper is unconvincing as it stands. To better support it, the author should inform us more about the reason of decline, and the other hobby of the respondents. To strengthen it, the author also needs to provide information about the purchase ability of the players. More information about our competitors will be useful to justify this argument.

提纲：
ARGUMENT39 - The following appeared in a memorandum from the president of Humana College.
"Last year the number of students who enrolled in long-distance degree programs at Omni University increased by 50%. During the same year, Omni showed a significant decrease from prior years in expenditures for dormitory and classroom space, most likely because instruction in the long-distance programs takes place via interactive video computer connections. In contrast, over the past three years, enrollment at Humana College has diminished and costs of maintaining buildings have risen. Thus, to increase enrollment and solve the problem of budget deficits at Humana College, we should initiate and actively promote long-distance degree programs like those at Omni."

去年报名参加Omni大学远程教学系统的学生人数上升了50％。同年，Omni用于宿舍和教室的开支比前一年显著下降，很可能是因为远程教学通过互动电脑录像授课。比较而言，在过去三年中，Humana学院的报名人数下降了，而且用于房屋维护的费用上升。因此，为增加报名数量并解决Humana学院财政赤字问题，我们也应该开展并积极推广与Omni一样的远程教学系统。

1．是否有足够多的学生愿意注册远程学位。如果没有学生愿意注册，那么开设也只能再多花费钱，对于注册人数不可能有任何帮助。
2．论者没有提供有关O校去年整体注册数目是否也有所上升。如果仅仅是远程的上升了，而总体没变或是下降了，它们的经验就不值得我们借鉴，因为我们是要提高整个注册数。
3．O校花销比前几年有明显下降，也不能仅凭猜测归于是远程课程和电脑的结果，论者没有提供相关的资料。
4．论者没有提供任何资料说明O校的与我们有什么相同的地方，面临的问题是否相同，以及师资情况，学生结构等等，缺乏这些资料，我们并不能得出结论O校的经验值得我们借鉴。
5．开设远程学位是项很复杂的工程。它涉及到新添设备、运作等环节，这些都会增加开销。论者没有提供资料证明这部分开销的上涨会小于远程学位帮助降低的开支。另外远程学位的开设有可能会使部分已注册的学生转去，这也不必然保证注册数的上升。

ARGUMENT217 - The following appeared in a brochure promoting the purchase of local franchises for a national chain of gyms.
"Now is the time to invest in a Power-Lift Gym franchise so that you can profit from opening one of our gyms in your town. Consider the current trends: Power-Lift Gyms are already popular among customers in 500 locations, and national surveys indicate increasing concern with weight loss and physical fitness. Furthermore, last year's sales of books and magazines on personal health totaled more than $50 million, and purchases of home exercise equipment almost doubled. Investing now in a Power-Lift Gym franchise will guarantee a quick profit."
现在是投资于Power-Lift Gym特许权的良好时机从而你可以在你们城市开设一家体育馆。考虑一下当前的潮流：Power-Lift Gym已经在500个地点的消费者中相当流行，全国调查表明对于减肥和健身的关注越来越多。而且，去年关于个人健康的书籍和杂志销售总额超过了5千万元，家庭健身器具的购买量几乎翻了一番。现在投资Power-Lift Gym特许权将保证快速致富。
1．是否所有的P都在营利。 ·既然五百多个地方都已经有P，市场是否还有空间允许新的投资进入。
2．论据只能说明在全国范围内人们越来越关心体形健康，除此之外没有任何意义。投资人当地也许没有这样的趋势。
3．关心体形健康的人不保证都会去体育馆建身，，另外家庭健身器具翻番说明人们有在家里锻炼的趋势，而不是去体育馆。

ARGUMENT160 - As people grow older, an enzyme known as PEP increasingly breaks down the neuropeptide chemicals involved in learning and memory. But now, researchers have found compounds that prevent PEP from breaking neuropeptides apart. In tests, these compounds almost completely restored lost memory in rats. The use of these compounds should be extended to students who have poor memory and difficulty in concentrating-and therefore serious problems in school performance. Science finally has a solution for problems neither parents nor teachers could solve.

随着人们的衰老，一种已知叫做PEP的酶不断地分解与学习和记忆有关的神经化学物质。但现在研究人员已经发现了一些阻止PEP分解神经化学键的化合物。在试验中，这些化合物几乎完全恢复了老鼠失去的记忆。这些化合物的使用可以扩展到那些记忆力较差和因注意力不能集中而在学习中存在严重问题的学生。科学最终能够解决家长和教师都无法解决的问题。

1．老鼠跟人不一样，对老鼠成功了，不见得在人生上能够成功，实验最终还需要在人身上进行。
2．没有证据表明PEP分解神经会在青少年时期就会发生，论述中说的是随着人们的衰老而出现的。
3．学生记忆不好和不集中精力的主要原因不是生理原因，懒惰、贪玩是老师家长解决不了的。
该混合物有无副作用还有待进一步的试验，现在下结论还太早。

ARGUMENT151 - The following is a letter to the editor of the Atticus City newspaper.
"Former Mayor Durant owes an apology to the city of Atticus. Both the damage to the River Bridge, which connects Atticus to Hartley, and the traffic problems we have long experienced on the bridge were actually caused 20 years ago by Durant. After all, he is the one who approved the construction of the bridge. If he had approved a wider and better-designed bridge, on which approximately the same amount of public money would have been spent, none of the damage or problems would have occurred. Instead, the River Bridge has deteriorated far more rapidly over the past 20 years than has the much longer Derby Bridge up the river. Even though the winters have been severe in the past several years, this is no excuse for the negligence and wastefulness of Durant."

前任市长Durant应该向Atticus市道歉。连接着Atticus和Hartley两座城市的River Bridge的损害和长期困扰着我们的桥上的交通问题实际上都是20年前因Durant而导致的。无论如何，是他批准了桥梁的建造。如果他能够批准一个差不多花同样的钱的设计更好的方案的话，桥梁的损坏和交通问题都不会出现。但现在，River Bridge在过去20年间的损坏程度

比上游另外一座更长的Derby Bridge更加严重。尽管近几年的冬天气候确实比较恶劣，但这也不是为Durant的过失和浪费开脱的借口。

1．桥在20年前建设的，后来车多了，还有这条道变重要了，设计建造的时候可能没这么大的流量。
2．River Bridge的质量是否真的不好，需要专家的考察研究，仅仅与Derby Bridge比较不能说明问题，因为位置不同，水流，使用情况都会不同。
3．天气的寒冷是可能确实是造成损坏的原因。
4．即使桥不好，可能是因为当时的技术问题和资金问题，未必就是前任市长Durant的责任。



[ 本帖最后由 linshao 于 2007-7-26 04:56 编辑 ]

strontium023UID：2316968

In this editorial, the author claims that the sales of Whirlwind video games will increase dramatically in the future for the new games with lifelike graphics. However, the argument is not cogent for several reasons.

First of all, the author’ argument based on an assumption that the declined sales our company can be revised by selling new popular games and new ad policy. However, the author ignores the other facts which can influence the sales. There is no evidence to indicate that our decline is caused by the unpopular game type and inefficient ad. It is possible that a restricting was made to limit the children and youth for playing violent games. If so, the games with lifelike graphics which always were graded as violent level still could not be sold to the youth. Or the whole game market was in depression because of the piracy, so our action in game types would be useless to improve our sales but to increase the profits of those illegal merchants. Before making any conclusion, the author should take into account other reasons causing the sells decline.

Furthermore, the fact that respondents prefer games that provide lifelike graphics cannot get the conclusion that they are willing to buy our new games. First, the games need most up-to-date computers, which cost too much. Considering that many of the game players are very young, most of our respondents may be the youths who have lower economical condition. If they cannot afford the high price of new computers, the games will still be unavailable to them. Second, common sense informs me that to appraise a game, the graphics is important, however, besides it there are many factors need to be considered, as music, sound effect, the multiple function and the plot. Therefore only excellent in graphics is insufficient to assume us to get increased sales. People who buy games will consider more than only graphics. If the new games are less performance in other factors, the customer will still be unwilling to buy our products. Without detailed introduction of our new games, the author’s prediction remains unconvincing.

In sum, this paper is unconvincing as it stands. To better support it, the author should inform us more about the reason of decline, and the other hobby of the respondents. To strengthen it, the author also needs to provide information about the purchase ability of the players. More information about our competitors will be useful to justify this argument.
小结:A感觉已经很不错了,哎,这个游戏除了画面还需要其他东西我咋就没想到呢?嘿嘿,没什么经验啊.

zhangjing106UID：2157010

In this editorial, the author claims that the sales of Whirlwind video games will increase dramatically in the future for the new games with lifelike graphics. However, the argument is not cogent for several reasons.

First of all, the author’ argument based on an assumption that the declined sales our company can be revised by selling new popular games and new ad policy. However, the author ignores the other facts which can influence the sales. There is no evidence to indicate that our decline is caused by the unpopular game type and inefficient ad. It is possible that a restricting was made to limit the children and youth for playing violent games. If so, the games with lifelike graphics which always were graded as violent level still could not be sold to the youth. Or the whole game market was in depression because of the piracy, so our action in game types would be useless to improve our sales but to increase the profits of those illegal merchants. Before making any conclusion, the author should take into account other reasons causing the sells decline.（这个提的不错）

Furthermore, the fact that respondents prefer games that provide lifelike graphics cannot get the conclusion that they are willing to buy our new games. First, the games need most up-to-date computers, which cost too much. Considering that many of the game players are very young, most of our respondents may be the youths who have lower economical condition. If they cannot afford the high price of new computers, the games will still be unavailable to them. Second, common sense informs me that to appraise a game, the graphics is important, however, besides it there are many factors need to be considered, as music, sound effect, the multiple function and the plot. Therefore only excellent in graphics is insufficient to assume us to get increased sales. People who buy games will consider more than only graphics. If the new games are less performance in other factors, the customer will still be unwilling to buy our products. Without detailed introduction of our new games, the author’s prediction remains unconvincing.

In sum, this paper is unconvincing as it stands. To better support it, the author should inform us more about the reason of decline, and the other hobby of the respondents. To strengthen it, the author also needs to provide information about the purchase ability of the players. More information about our competitors will be useful to justify this argument.
很不错，仅仅挑了两个毛病就足够反驳了，崇拜ing