Argument65 【0710G-小猪快跑小组】第5次作业 By freckle

frecklewang1984UID: 2355474

Argument 65
65.The following appeared in a memo from the president of a chain of cheese stores located throughout the United States.
"For many years all the stores in our chain have stocked a wide variety of both domestic and imported cheeses. Last year, however, the five best-selling cheeses at our newest store were all domestic cheddar cheeses from Wisconsin. Furthermore, a recent survey by Cheeses of the World magazine indicates an increasing preference for domestic cheeses among its subscribers. Since our company can reduce expenses by limiting inventory, the best way to improve profits in all of our stores is to discontinue stocking many of our varieties of imported cheese and concentrate primarily on domestic cheeses."
字数：596
In this argument, the arguer argues that the best way for the company to gain profits is to abandon  stocking many diversified imported cheese, and concentrate fundamentally on domestic cheeses. To consolidate the point, the arguer states that the five best-selling cheeses at the newest store were all domestic cheddar cheese from Wisconsin last year. Moreover, a recent survey by Cheese of the World magazine is also exhibited to indicate an increasing inclination for domestic cheeses among its subscribers. The argument suffers from several flaws and drawbacks, albeit well-presented.
To begin with, the arguer should provide adequate evidences to justify that success in the newest store attributes exclusively to domestic cheeses, and is representative of all cheese stores through
the Unites States last year, now, and future. It is probably that attractive advertisements, totally aiming to domestic cheese in the newest store, draw effectively customers to purchase. Or the reason for inclination of the five-best selling cheeses is the locale where the newest store is situated, and consumers there or nearby just prefer to all kinds of cheeses from Wisconsin, rather than any other domestic, according to endemic support. Or cheddar cheeses is the true factor facilitating the selling, with special population in different age and work bracket, and satisfies accidentally residences where the newest store locates. In addition, the arguer does not also provide sufficient evidences to summarize the trend of what kind of cheeses, domestic or imported, is more popular in the Unites States. Perhaps, the circumstance appears just last year, not in the least representative. Therefore, the arguer can not convince us.

Moreover, we can not deduce similar or the same situation in United States from the survey by cheeses of world magazine, which covers also Asian and African, most developing and undeveloped countries struggling from economic vexation and taking no consideration of imported cheeses, thus possibly contributing to an illusion when applied to the Unites States. Moreover, even if the reflection from the survey by cheeses of the world magazine is admitted, no adequate evidence is provided to the extent of an increasing preference for the domestic cheeses. If previous preference for imported cheeses significantly outweigh domestic cheeses, and just a little increasing inclination appears, the result is probably that imported cheeses have a larger market. The arguer does not consider other possible alternatives, and therefore unpersuasive.

Finally, even though all above are admitted, the arguer does not still rule out other possibilities to  improve profits, other than reducing expense by limiting inventory. Many factors may contribute to the improvement in profits, such as closing some profit-less or profit-none store to less burdens, publicizing different customers in different time in a day and different festivals with appealling advertisements and corresponding gifts to kids, lovers, or larger-consuming individuals and etc. To discontinue stocking many of varieties of imported cheese is likely devoiding of the characteristic of cheese stores, meanwhile concentrating primarily on domestic cheeses seem to so trepid and bland for a chain of cheese stores throughout the whole nation. Maybe it is a wiser decision to adjust the proportion of imported and domestic cheeses, rather than replacing one with the other.

In sum, the arguer does not provide sufficient to justify the argument. In order to substantiate the  argument, the argument should involve adequate evidences of representativeness in the newest stores and a recent survey by cheeses of world magazine, and foreseeing a trend of consumption between imported and domestic cheeses. In addition, the arguer must also provide sufficient to rule out any other possibilities to improve profits in all stores through the nation.  

Arg37：
37.Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been unique to the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a "Palean" basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could only have crossed it by boat, but there is no evidence that the Paleans had boats. And boats capable of carrying groups of people and cargo were not developed until thousands of years after the Palean people disappeared. Moreover, Paleans would have had no need to cross the river-the woods around Palea are full of nuts, berries, and small game. It follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not unique to Palea.
1：river: no evidence is provided to support ancient paleans can not swim
Even if they can not swim, maybe swift across the river
2: maybe a simpler boat just can carry a person and palean baskets, and maybe lithos have boats
3:no sufficient evidence to palean have no need to cross the river, short of meat, woods or other necessities. Or litho go to palea for nuts and palean baskets

Arg131
131.The following appeared in an environmental newsletter published in Tria Island.

"The marine sanctuary on Tria Island was established to protect certain marine mammals. Its regulations ban dumping and offshore oil drilling within 20 miles of Tria, but fishing is not banned. Currently many fish populations in Tria's waters are declining, a situation blamed on pollution. In contrast, the marine sanctuary on Omni Island has regulations that ban dumping, offshore oil drilling, and fishing within 10 miles of Omni and Omni reports no significant decline in its fish populations. Clearly, the decline in fish populations in Tria's waters is the result of overfishing, not pollution. Therefore, the best way to restore Tria's fish populations and to protect all of Tria's marine wildlife is to abandon our regulations and adopt those of Omni."
1:omni report no significant decline: report is not equal to true, no significant decline does not equate no decline, on the other hand, it means also decline,
And the extent maybe just subjective
2:admit the omni is true, the ban is effective, this can not conclude the conclusion,
3:no evidence to support only two factors can influence the results, weather, climate
4: to best way is too hastily.