issue138 我至今最完美的一篇啊~请大家拍拍吧

vitamin_cUID: 2366079

138 Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress.
Syllabus
1.         各领域都有失误后进步的例子，但细究之后发现背后另有原因
2.         就算表面上有联系，错误原因不一，不是所有错误都有价值
3.         很容易沦为借口
Is discovery or progress only made through mistakes, as the speaker maintains? In my view, this assertion is unfairly generalized, while it seems to be based on some reasonable observations. My points of contention with the speaker involve the analysis of how do those discovery and progress really be achieved, and the original causes of mistakes.
First of all, I do concede that the famous instances of discoveries coming along with mistakes, no matter in which realm of human endeavor, are defying enumeration; however, under this ostensible correlation, there are some hidden –but more worth our more attention- reasons of these achievements . In fact, mistakes just provide a clue to reveal an ignored or unknown truth, with which a new discovery or progress can come along; but this clue can only be well utilized by faithful, unremitting, daily efforts toward a well-directed purpose, from which all of these discoveries and progress truly spring. Consider, for example, the invention of the Penicillin, a widely recognized milestone in the history of medicine. People may mention the incidentally experiment mistake which gave Alexander Fleming the chance to discover this effective antibody with an air of anecdote. But no one can deny the fact that it is his expertise in the filed of microbiology, as well as the unremitting probe through every tiny experiment, paved the way of such a "by chance" invention. There is a noted proverb, "Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration." And there is equal wisdom in this: "every advance of human endeavor is 1% lucky chance and 99% perspiration". Therefore, it is not justifiable to conclude through mistakes is the only approach people can make advance, while ignoring other essential factors.
Secondly, not all of the mistakes we usually encountered, both on personal level and social level, have the ostensible correlation to discoveries and progress. In general, all mistakes can be classified into 3 categories by their prime causes. The first kind of mistakes usually occur when our knowledge and experiences gained from the past are not suitable in solving the problems we face now; we are doomed to encounter fail when we, as usually, apply these rules and philosophies we used to abide by, to deal with the current tasks. The second kind is stem from our incapability or other shortcoming that we usually attribute to “human nature”, like incaution, overconfidence, carelessness, delinquency, and indolence. To this point, a tiny example from our everyday experience is - every one might have experienced- being late for class or work in the morning. Obviously, not all of these three kinds of mistake can give change to the prepared minds to find discoveries or make progresses; only the first sort of mistake can spring this chance, while the others is be of little positive effect, therefore we would better to avoid them at the very start .
In addition, to believe the speaker’s assertion might lead people to a dangerous swap: it can be used as pretence and excuse when we encounter with the above-mentioned second sort of mistakes，covering the essential lessons we can reflect and summarized from them. Consider, a politician may conclude that his or her decision-making mistake in the prevention of natural disasters is part-and-parcel of the coming advance in public administration. But to believe that, is flying in to the faces of the hundreds of thousands of civilians who suffered a lot from this disaster. Therefore, being conscious of both the positive potential and the harm of mistakes, is a more circumspect attitude we should adopt.
In sum, the speaker's assertion that only trough mistakes can we make discovery or progress begs question, because it does not take in to account the different reasons of mistakes and the other approaches to advance. As to the role which mistakes play in providing us the chances to reflect and reconsider, I concede that the speaker is on the correct philosophical side of this issue. Nevertheless, not all of mistakes have such a favorable potential, especially without the efforts and conscious minds behind it; nor should we ascribe all of discoveries and progresses to mistakes, while ignoring the hidden other reasons. In the final analysis, discovery and progress, both in personal and social level, are attained by constant effort, circumspect thought and awareness of the shortages of our knowledge and ability, not merely through the lucky encounter of constructive mistakes.

Edition 1

Is discovery or progress only made through mistakes, as the speaker maintains? In my view, this assertion is unfairly generalized, while seems to be based on some reasonable observations at the first look. My points of contention with the speaker involve the original causes of mistakes, and the analysis of where do discovery and progress really be achieved.

In general, all mistakes we human made can be classified into 3 categories by their prime causes. First, it may stem from that the knowledge and experiences we gained from the past are not suitable in solving the problems we face now; we are doomed to encounter fail when we, as usually, apply these rules and philosophies we used to abide by, to deal with the current tasks. Secondly, we fail just because our capability is simply not adequate to dealing with the problem. Last but not the least, the mistakes are emerged from our disadvantages as humans, such as incaution, overconfidence, and indolence. An apt example from our everyday experience is - every one might have experienced- being late for class or work in the morning. Obviously, only the first sort of mistake can spring the chance of discovery or progress, while the others can be of little beneficial effect, though it would better to avoid them at first.

The speaker's assertion is troubling in two other respects as well. To begin with,. Beside, to believe this contention can tend to a dangerous situation: It can be used as pretence when we encounter with the last two types of mistakes discussed before，covering the essential lessons we can reflect and summarized from them. Consider, some politicians may conclude the retrospect of their failures in that the past mistakes is part-and-parcel of coming advance, as to make public overlook their responsibilities for these mistakes.
In sum, the speaker's assertion that only trough mistakes can discovery or progress be made begs question, because it does totally not take the different reasons of mistakes and the other approaches of advance in to account. As to the role which mistakes play in providing us the chances to reflect and reconsider, I concede that the speaker is on the correct philosophical side of this issue. Nevertheless, not all of mistakes can result in advance, especially without the efforts and conscious minds behind it, nor do we ascribe all of advances to mistakes. In the final analysis, discovery and progress, both in personal and social level, are attained by constant effort, circumspect thought and awareness of the shortages of our knowledge and ability, not merely through the lucky encounter of instructional mistakes.

ChemiAndyUID: 2364466

果然不错，分析的比较透彻，行文也很流畅了
进步神速啊~

hychlavenderUID: 2697566

写的很好呀～就是挺像北美范文的，不知道这样会不会对分数由影响。。。