Argument 170 【0710G-小猪快跑小组】第7次作业 By freckle

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Argument 170
For the past five years, consumers in California have been willing to pay twice as much for oysters from the northeastern Atlantic Coast as for Gulf Coast oysters. This trend began shortly after harmful bacteria were found in a few raw Gulf Coast oysters. But scientists have now devised a process for killing the bacteria. Once consumers are made aware of the increased safety of Gulf Coast oysters, they are likely to be willing to pay as much for Gulf Coast as for northeastern Atlantic Coast oysters, and greater  profits for Gulf Coast oyster producers will follow.
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In this argument, the arguer concludes that consumers are likely to pay as much for Gulf Coast as for northeastern Atlantic Coast oysters, and Gulf Coast oyster producers also will gain greater profits. To substantiate the argument, the arguer the trend that consumers in California are willing to pay twice as much for oysters from the northeastern Atlantic Coast as for Gulf Coast oysters will be changed after scientists have now devised a process for killing the bacteria which were found in a few raw Gulf Coast oysters. However, the argument drawn a hasty conclusion is therefore unwarranted.

To begin with, the arguer fails to rule out other possibilities concerning the fact that consumers in California have been willing to pay twice as much for oysters from the northeastern Altantic Coast as for Gulf oysters. Numerous factors may influence the choice, rather than the occurrence of bacteria being found in a few raw Gulf Coast oysters. It is possible that oysters in the northeastern Atlantic are more tasteful and appetizing for consumer in California who probably are accustomed to. Or purchasing oysters in the northeastern Atlantic Coast is a faddish symbol in the heart of consumers in California. Therefore, It is highly possible that even if a few dissatisfactory factors appear in the oysters in the northeastern Atlantic Coast, consumers are still disposed to pay twice for the oysters with the personal inclinations.  Without considering this perspective, the arguer is unconvincing.

Second, even if eliminating the possibility of personal proclivity in oysters in the northeastern Atlantic Coast, no evidences is provided about that the tendency will change after no-name, no-quantity scientists have devised a process for killing the bacteria found in a few raw Gulf Coast oysters. First, no evidence to justify this process for killing the bacteria encounter with flaws or drawbacks: it is entirely likely  that this process can weaken the attractive oysters' taste or impair integral nutrition of oysters meanwhile killing the bacteria; in addition, the potential fear of safety, in fact, can not be exterminated in a certain period in the standpoint of consumers even though they are aware of possible increasing safety, even quite a few gourmands reject oysters which suffers from a killing process; moreover, the process killing the bacteria found does not necessarily follow that a process qualify complete safety in view of existence of numerous bacteria. The arguer does not provide reassuring evidences to support his or her argument, therefore, is unpersuasive.

Finally, even if we admit the process devised by no-name, no-quality scientists is effective for killing unsafe bacteria without damage inherent taste and nutrition, the arguer fails also to provide evidence to ensure that expenditure is sure to be deserved considering the overall revenue brought about by the oysters. In fact, it is totally possible that the newer, even the newest process killing the bacteria involves advanced equipments and complex technologies to be carried out, consequently corresponding cost outweighs largely total revenue and thus profitless. In terms of this stand, the arguer is also unconvincing.

In sum, the arguer fails to provide adequate evidences to justify the argument. To better for his or her argument, the arguer must collects sufficient information concerning the reasons why consumers have been willingly to pay twice as much for oysters in different areas. In addition, the arguer also should confirm that adopting a process recently devised is valuable in terms of overall revenue to evaluate the profits.

提纲：
143.The following appeared as a letter to the editor of a national newspaper.

"Your recent article on corporate downsizing* in the United States is misleading. The article gives the mistaken impression that many competent workers who lost jobs as a result of downsizing face serious economic hardship, often for years, before finding other suitable employment. But this impression is contradicted by a recent report on the United States economy, which found that since 1992 far more jobs have been created than have been eliminated. The report also demonstrates that many of those who lost their jobs have found new employment. Two-thirds of the newly created jobs have been in industries that tend to pay above-average wages, and the vast majority of these jobs are full-time."（Downsizing is the process in which corporations deliberately reduce the number of their employees.）
1：far more job created does not equate with the jobs where workers are competent
2:many is a  vague number, and two-thirds of the newly created job and the full-time job may be request other abilities traditional workers does not have

174.The following recommendation was made by the president and administrative staff of Grove College, a private institution, to the college's governing committee.

"We recommend that Grove College preserve its century-old tradition of all-female education rather than admit men into its programs. It is true that a majority of faculty members voted in favor of coeducation, arguing that it would encourage more students to apply to Grove. But eighty percent of the students responding to a survey conducted by the student government wanted the school to remain all female, and over half of the alumni who answered a separate survey also opposed coeducation. Keeping the college all-female, therefore, will improve morale among students and convince alumni to keep supporting the college financially."
1:a survey conducted by student government may be misleading
2:over half of the alumni who answered a separate survey does equate with over half of the overall alumni
3；no evidence to provided concerning students’ morale and keeping supporting the college financially.