Aero 小组作业 argument 1

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Arguement 153: The following is from an editorial in the Midvale Observer, a local
newspaper.

"Ever since the 1950's, when television sets began to appear in the average home, the rate of crimes committed by teenagers in the country of Alta has steadily increased. This increase in teenage crime parallels the increase in violence shown on television. According to several national studies, even very young children who watch a great number of television shows featuring violent scenes display more violent behavior within their home environment than do children who do not watch violent shows. Furthermore, in a survey conducted by the Observer, over 90 percent of the respondents were parents who indicated that prime-time television-programs that are shown between 7 p.m. and 9 p.m.-should show less violence. Therefore, in order to lower the rate of teenage crime in Alta, television
viewers should demand that television programmers reduce the amount of violence shown during prime time."

提纲：1、Midvale Observer的观点是儿童的暴力习惯与电视节目中的暴力画面有关，要求在晚上好7点到9点之间尽量减少暴力的节目。Midvale Observer的支持论据是1950年当电视出现在家庭中后十几岁儿童犯罪呈直线上升；许多国家研究表明每一个很小的孩子如果看暴力场景多了会表现得比没有接触暴力节目的儿童更加暴力；家长反应看电视的时间是7至9点，所以在prime time 要求减少暴力内容。
     2、Observer 的观点不能让我们相信：Alta的青少年犯罪的上升一定和电视暴力show有关，这有可能是Alta的当地安全管理有问题，还有可能是其他原因。
      3、Observer采用的许多国家的研究来支持Alta的10几岁孩子犯罪与电视暴力有关。我们姑且不管研究结果正确与否，将以其他国家的研究结果直接放到Alta上面是不合适的，也是不科学的。
     4、Observer引用许多国家的研究结果表明很小的孩子会受电视暴力的影响，但是这并不能说明Alta的10多岁孩子的犯罪问题，况且谁能保证Alta 地方的10多岁的孩子看“a great number of TV violent show”.
     5、就算青少年犯罪与电视暴力有关。但是Newspaper 中写道家长认为大家看电视的时间是晚上7点到9点，所以要求电视台将7点至9点的节目中的暴力成分减少一些。谁能证明孩子看电视的时间与家长的所认为的7——9点是一样的，这只是家长习惯看电视的时间。
     6、总之，Observer 不能提供充分的证据证明teenagers'violence is realated with TV violent show;即使有关系在电视暴力节目的控制上所参照的时间也应该是孩子喜欢看电视的时间。


     The attitude of Midvale Observer is that the act of teenagers' violence is the result of the violent television scenes'increase.And he claimed that the TV viewers should require the TV station to decrese violende show in prime time ----7p.m.to9p.m. To support this recommendation,Midvale Observer cites the following facts:(1)the crimenal rate of teenger is paralelling with the increasing of the TV sets's appearance;(2)It shows that the very young chidren who touch lots of violence programme expressed more violent than the baby who didn't watch the TV violent shows.(3)7p.m.and9p.m. is the golden time for the television viewers,also for the television programmers,so the violece show should be reduced during the time.Close scrutiny of each of these facts,however,reveals none of them lend credible support to the recommendation.


     First,the results of several national studies couldn't necessarily indicate that the crime by teenger in Alta is related with the television violence shows.Let alone the creaderblity of the national studies,the congreat problem in Alta may be directed by the unproper management of the security bureue,or resulted by the other problems.Here exists a tendency that Observer quot the national result to consentrate Alta's problem omiting the congrete situation.


    Secondly,one of the facts Observer put in the newspaper that very young chidren influenced by violent shows became more violent than who didn't wathch couldn't bolster the recommendation the criminal issue by teenger in Alta,because the reserch objectors aren't the same ones.Additionaly,who can ganrentees the teenger children watch "a great number of television violent show"?


    Thirdly,eve if the children violece is related to the television violece shows,the observer probably mayn't concider that reducing the TV programme of violent shows could lower the rate of teenger violence in Alta.The parents give much thought to the televison viewing time is 7p.m.and 9p.m.according theirown watching TV time.Nobody can make sure the children will stay in front of television .


   In sum,the recommdation relies on certain doubtful assumptions that render it unconvincing as it stands.The observer fails to convince us that the crime of teenger is directly related to violence programme and TV station should reduce the violece programme at 7p.m.and 9p.m.Altough TV programmer should put as little as violence shows ,fixing the time should come with the teenger children in Alta.