０８０６Ｇ加速度小组－－第一次作业

loogloogUID: 2447845

"Scandals-whether in politics, academia, or other areas-can be useful. They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could."

Whether the scandals are useful largely depends on the objective and function，which really reflects the real problems instead of suspicion. While I concede the scandals will strike us to pay more attention to the smudginess in the politics and academia, I am also tired of the scandals in the popular singers and players.

To begin with, scandals can help us to deeply learn your leader who always the best in your eyesight. Maybe, under the appealing image, another evil person or what you cannot think about is standing. When we open the historic book of America president, amounts of scandals can be easily found along it. From J.EK., Nixon. to Clinton, they are all struck by the scandals and those help us to tell the reality and the fact. However, in other countries, such as China, the mass media is controlled by the government and the scandals would be not found. It is just because of the lacking of scandals, the public can not realize the danger or the hazard, when the leaders lead to a wrong direct or to gain interest for themselves. It is the cause for that the bribe are fashion in the country. After all, the right cannot be monitored is an abusive one.

Secondly, the scandals will be benefits to the public to clear the real advance in academia. When Hwang Woo-suk declaimed the "advances in the stem cell" to the public, almost everyone lost in the pleasure of the great breakthrough. Without the scandals from the assistant in his lab., Mr. Huang will be still the first one who successively reconstruct stem cell from egg, and many people still expect the appliance of this biology technology earlier. Just because the scandals, it break the honor of Mr. Huang, and break the astriction of “achieved advances in stem cell”. The real advances can be obtain in the next years. Factually, in September last years, the scientist from America and Japan achieve a new remarkable success. Obviously, the scandals will be useful in academic to abolish mendacious accomplishments.     

On the other hand, the scandals from singers and players are filled the world. I concede the positive effects of the scandal to improve the character of them, while we cannot tell which is the real among the thousands of scandals. Maybe, what you are reading is just an inexistence created by his or her antagonist. Even if the scandals are the real one, can we learn something important to the society from such scandals? Nevertheless, the essence of the scandals of the singers and the players is not the problem of the society. If these scandals filled the world, how difficult for us to find out the essential ways. After all, before attach to the bottom of the accidents, the outsides have a great impact on the results

To sum up, when the scandals are connected with the essentials of the society, the scandals will be useful. However, scandals of the irrelative persons or accident can only obstruct development of whole society. Therefore, the scandals of politics and academia should be encouraged while ones about singer or player must be classified to treat with.


The following appeared in a medical newsletter.
"Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. The first group of patients, all being treated for muscle injuries by Dr. Newland, a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, took antibiotics regularly throughout their treatment. Their recuperation time was, on average, 40 percent quicker than typically expected. Patients in the second group, all being treated by Dr. Alton, a general physician, were given sugar pills, although the patients believed they were taking antibiotics. Their average recuperation time was not significantly reduced. Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment."

In this newsletter, the arguer concludes that all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment. In order to support the conclusion, the arguer cites the results of the recent experiment. However, this argument suffers from several flaws which render it wholly discreditable as it stand.

To begin with, the arguer provides no evidence that the condition of the patients and the extent of hurting. In order to obtain a right and reliable results in the experiment, the two groups must keep ate the similar condition, especially the patient, which is the essence of the study. Without the necessary overlook about them, it is entirely possible that the patients treated by Dr. Newland is just better than those treated by Dr. Alton. Or perhaps, the patients treated by Dr. Newland is younger than those treated by Dr. Alton. Common sense tells us that the age played close impact on the speed of recovery.

Furthermore, even if i concede the health condition and age levels of the two groups are similar, the arguer also involves in the wrong analogy of the result of the experiments, since the acknowledgement level of the two doctor are too difference. As we all known, the specialist will be more useful and professional when curing the special cases. Just because of the differences between the two doctor will cause the great diction of the results. It is possible that at the same condition but the doctor, the speed of recovery is diversity.  In order to strength the conclusion, the particular of the doctor should be provided.

Secondly, the arguer also commits a fallacy "a hasty generalization" by advice all patients who diagnosed with muscle strain would take antibiotics as part of their treatment. The antibiotics maybe is efficiency to those patients in the experiments, as they are just the horse strain. Can we conclude from the horse strain patient that all other patient should take the similar methods? Yet, the author offers no evidence to support the universality of the curing. Perhaps, this method is just better for elbow joint damage. In short, lacking evidence that condition on the all patients treated in the experiment can be representation for this kind of patients, the arguer cannot convince me on the basis of the experiment's conclusion that the antibiotics should be advise to other patients with muscle strain.

To sum up, the arguer is ignore the difference between the patients and the doctor. At the same time, arguer oversimplified that the patient with muscle strain should be treated with the same cure lacking the evidences.

[ 本帖最后由 loogloog 于 2008-1-17 20:34 编辑 ]