argument67 【Jet小组】 第八次作业

mix99UID: 2432326

TOPIC: ARGUMENT67 - The following appeared in a letter to the editor of a newspaper serving the villages of Castorville and Polluxton.
"Both the villages of Castorville and Polluxton have experienced sharp declines in the numbers of residents who pay property taxes. To save money and improve service, the two villages recently merged their once separate garbage collection departments into a single department located in Castorville, and the new department has reported few complaints about its service. Last year the library in Polluxton had 20 percent fewer users than during the previous year. It follows that we should now further economize and improve service, as we did with garbage collection, by closing the library in Polluxton and using the library in Castorville to serve both villages."
WORDS: 407          TIME: 01:26:51          DATE: 2008-2-18 22:29:02
In the letter the writer，for economizing and improving service,，recommends closed the library in Polluxton and use the library in Castorville to serve both villages. To support this recommendation the writer notes that during the last year the users of the library in Polluxton decreased 20 percent than during the previous year .The writer also cites the fact that merging the separate garbage collection departments into a single department located in Castorville has got a remarkable effect. Close scrutiny of each of these facts, however, real that none of them led credible support to the recommendation.
First, the recommendation relies on what might be a false analogy between the garbage collections and the libraries in two villages. In order for the garbage collections to serve as models that the library should emulate, the writer must assume that the coalition of the two libraries can save money and improve service. However, this assumption is unwarranted .For example, the recommendation overlooks the cost of merging of the two libraries maybe extremely is exorbitant, and the inhabitants in two villages can not afford these money.  Perhaps Castorville has the advantage of disposing the rubbish, such as the location that is suitable for building the garbage collection and the better infrastructure than Polluxton, and so on .Or perhaps the library in Polluxton has more books and other useful resource , more capacious room for use, and much more user and so on ,than in Castorville.In short ,without ruling out other possible reasons ,the writer  cannot convince me that  closing in Pollutxon can lead to saving cost and offering more approving service.
Secondly, the writer's recommdation unfairly infers from the decrease of the usage of the library in Pollutxon .Lacking the enough evidence to reveal the trend of the number of people using the library in the recent years, it is just as likely that the usage level in the previous year is utterly abnormal comparing to the average level, and maybe the decrease in the past year was only recovering the normal condition. In the future two or three years, the numbers of users also may increase rapidly .Besides, even if the facts the writer proposes is truth, it is possible to produce the opposite condition in Castorville.
In sum, the recommendation relies on certain doubtful facts that render it unconvincing as it stands. To bolster the recommendation the writer must provide clear evidence--perhaps by way of a survey--that cost of emerging two libraries and the separate usage condition of libraries in two villages.

[ 本帖最后由 mix99 于 2008-2-19 15:16 编辑 ]

x6xUID: 2180130

I object the speaker's assertion that there are two types of laws: just and unjust and each member of a society obeys just laws and disobeys and resists unjust laws. (这么多and 相当不方便理解)In this era of different religions and various cultures violently interacting with each others, the reality of society environments and history of law help us learning about the inappropriateness of regarding laws as just or unjust things, members of society should reveal their attitudes towards the law in favor of the society most important benefits and his benefits.

Admittedly, individual in a society should obey just laws, if these laws can be regarded as just. For examples, it is widely accepted that no one can not take the commodity sold in supermarket without payment ,robs the money of bank, or the police forces enforced law to arrest person who do that with the order of court .Obviously  the law ,endowing the police to do that ,is just . 、

However, not every law can clearly be thought as just or unjust by people, particularly contacting with the mores, attitudes, and political climate in certain time .For instance, the Prohibition experiment in the U.S. during the 1920s aptly illustrated the complexity of the judge. The history teaches us the inappropriateness of addressing social problems like alcohol on a societal level. In view of the fact that the enacting of the Prohibition experiments had been accompanied with the rampant gang violence in the history of American, it is difficult to give a yes or no answer.

In addition, in face of unjust laws, people should struggle for rights in a way according the law, while the disobeying and resisting unjust laws might bring about destructible influence towards the stability and normal development of a society. Martin Luther King, working for civil rights of African American nonviolently, is a great example. In that time he lived, the laws of some states prescribed many items discriminated African Americans, extremely unjust .If people resisted those laws, the contradiction easily brought about violent activity which leaded a series of serious social problems. In short, we take the legal means to tackle the unjust laws, for it is unwise to resist laws in a democracy. 例证很好

In the final analysis, given particular mores and values in a society, it is unjustifiable to deal with all laws in a simple method that divides them as just or unjust ones. We cannot adopt passively the way to resist and disobey the unjust law, only in a legal struggle , and it is possible to protect our benefits.

文章结构很清晰，但有些遣词不很容易理解