Argument33 【0906G 文以载道三月四月小组】第一周第一次作业 on sibslcc

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Argument 33

The following report appeared in an archaeology journal.
'The discovery of distinctively shaped ceramic pots at variousprehistoric sites scattered over a wide area has led archaeologists toask how the pots were spread. Some believe the pot makers migrated tothe various sites and carried the pots along with them; others believethe pots were spread by trade and their makers remained in one place.Now, analysis of the bones of prehistoric human skeletons can settlethe debate: high levels of a certain metallic element contained invarious foods are strongly associated with people who migrated to a newplace after childhood. Many of the bones found near the pots at a fewsites showed high levels of the metallic element. Therefore, it must bethat the pots were spread by migration, not trade.'

在广泛区域分散分布的很多史前遗迹发现的形状独特的陶壶导致考古学家提出疑问：这些壶是如何流传的？有些人相信壶的制造者迁移到别的地方并把壶随之带来；另一些人相信壶是通过贸易流传的，而他们的制造者留在一个地方。现在，对于史前人类骨骼的分析可以解决这个争论:在多种食物中都含有的某种金属元素的高含量与那些成年后移居到新地方的人有很高的关联性。在一些遗迹的壶附近发现的很多骨头都显示出这种金属元素的高含量。因此，这些壶肯定是通过迁徙而不是贸易来流传的。

提纲：
1.食物中高金属含量和成年后迁徙的人之间的有联系，不能推出所有的高含量的人都是迁移而来，非常可能就是本地的居民，或者说这种食物传播的非常广（Good! 我怎么就没有想到这种可能呢~)，到处的人 都能吃到。

2.即使承认这些高含量骨头是迁移来的，可能罐子不是跟着迁移来的，可能就是罐子贸易非常发达，人们买到了这种罐子。

3.再退一步，即使迁移的人带着罐子，不能排除有的罐子贸易而来。两者同时传播罐子。而且，还有可能是除这两者之外的别的原因。



In this report, the author concludes that the shaped ceramic pots werespread  by migration, not trade. To strengthen this conclusion, theauthor points out that there is correlation between high levels of acertain metallic element contained in various foods and people whomigrated to a new place after childhood. The author also points outmany of the bones found near the pots has high levels of the metallicelement. At first glance, the report might be somehow reasonable, butscrutiny reveals that it contains several unconvincing assumptions andis therefore unpersuasive.

First of all, a correlation between high levels of the metallic elementin foods and adults migrated to a new place does not necessarily provethat all people with high levels of a certain metallic element in theirbones migrated to a new place after childhood. The author obviouslyoverlooks other possible explanations for the phenomenon. For example,perhaps the people whose bones had high levels of the metallic elementswere just local residents. Because maybe the foods which had a highlevel metallic element were spread over a wide area, it caused themetallic elements concentration in bones of locals. Or perhaps peoplein the area where the high metallic element bones found near the potsalso ate this widely spread foods. Without ruling out suchpossibilities, I cannot accept the author's point of high levels of acertain metallic element in bones and the migration. I cannot accept the author's point of view that high level of a certain metallic element in bones can prove the spread of pots is because of migration.（是这个意思么？）

Second, even assuming that the people indeed migrated from one place toanother, the author unfairly indicates a causal relation between themigration of people and the pots' dissemination. There is no warrantedevidence to prove that the pots were spread along with the migration ofthese people. Maybe, the trade of these pots was so flourishing thatmajority of the people who moved to this area where found bones withhigh metallic elements. 这个maybe好像有些混乱，交易的繁荣和大多数人的骨头中含有那种元素有什么关系呢？前面是说没有证据证明spread of pots是伴随着migration of these people,那么之后的maybe，是不是应该说一些spread of pots还有可能是什么原因带来的呢？比如可能本来这种pots就到处都有。Without accounting for all other explanations,the author cannot reasonably conclude that people's migration isresponsible for the spreading of the ceramic pots.

Third, even I concede that these pots near the bones were token by thepeople migrated there, the author cannot indicate that all the potswere spread by migration only by this fact of the high metallicelements bones. It is hard to explain the possible phenomenon that somebones near the pots didn't have high metallic element. Perhaps the potswere spread by migration, also by trade. 感觉这一段有些过于简单，可以再说得稍微充分一点。比如还有一些其它可能性什么的。

To sum up, the author's conclusion about the pots were spread bymigration is not well supported as it stands. To reinforce it, theauthor must provide more evidence to prove that the high metallicelements foods only spread in a small area and the bones contains manymetallic elements were found in other areas. To better assess theproblem, I would also need to confirm that the bones were caused bymigration and only in this area the pots were founded.

参考链接
https://bbs.gter.net/thread-908711-1-1.html

[ 本帖最后由 过期的蛋糕 于 2009-1-11 23:41 编辑 ]