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发表于 2009-1-15 22:41:48
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Issue 48: The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten.
提纲:1、历史事件的起因源于各种方面,个人不可能凭一己之力改变历史
2、事件中的关键人物的作用不可忽视。
3、历史的记载大多是以关键性的东西展开,不可能把所有人物都记载全面。
When reading history books, it is easily for us to find that these events always connect with one or two key people and looking at the overall situation, these one or two people cannot be ignored for their essential influence. Some people think individuals are too much emphasized, in my opinion, I tends to disagree with this claim.
Considering the origins, causes and the other such reasons of history events, we could affirm individual is not the fundamental reason that leads to change something. As a complex affair, there must meet the necessary requirements that integrate in the whole event, such as the background history, the internal factors and the external factors. Taking Industrial Revolution as an example, the first Industrial Revolution occurred at the time of primitive accumulation of capital in British, because of the emerging machine-based manufacturing economy, the expansive trade and more and more workers needed in factories, the conflicts among capitalism and Feudal autocratic system was intensified. The power of individual seemed so tiny here that it must concentrate on all capitalists and all necessary conditions to promote the revolution.
However, it does not mean that in the development process of history individual will be overlooked. The critical person especially the leader is the soul of the whole team and plays a key role that programs operational plans, distributes staff and commands according to the changing circumstance. In the war the general determines whether the war would win, in corporation the CEO resolves whether the company could live in intense competition, in country the rulers govern whether the country could develop in future. The first President of People of Republic of China, Mao Zedong, leaded Chinese out of the predicament. His Mao Zedong Thought influences one generation in China and subsequently spreads throughout Europe, America, and eventually the world. John Maynard Keynes, one of the greatest economists whose idea was called Keynesian Economics,has had a major impact on modern economic and political theory as well as on many governments' fiscal policies.
Actually, most facts of history were recorded as major crucial part such as time, place, and key members. Tracing back to the origin of human beings, it have been about ten thousands years. Obviously it is unrealistic for historicists to record the all details of every thing. What the historicists want to express is the main process of events and the inspiration we should learn from them. Also, too detailed and complete history records might be complex so that make people feel difficult to understand which is not conductive to the enthusiasm and motivation of learning history. Thus, we pay more attention on giants who contribute for human beings particularly.
History reflects the past like a mirror and summarizes what we have experienced. It is true that there exists various way of taking down history, but what we should concern is what the history tells us. |
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