on sosososo1114 修改 Argument 51【0906G 文以载道三月四月小组】by NormalFuJen

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51.The following appeared in a medical newsletter.
"Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. The first group of patients, all being treated for muscle injuries by Dr. Newland, a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, took antibiotics regularly throughout their treatment. Their recuperation time was, on average, 40 percent quicker than typically expected. Patients in the second group, all being treated by Dr. Alton, a general physician, were given sugar pills, although the patients believed they were taking antibiotics. Their average recuperation time was not significantly reduced. Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment."

医生长期以来怀疑严重肌肉扭伤后的二次感染妨碍了一些患者迅速康复。这一假说现在被一项对两组患者的研究的初步结果所证实。第一组患者全部由专攻运动医学的Dr. Newland治疗肌肉损伤，他们在疗程中经常服用抗生素。他们的康复期平均比通常预期的快40％。第二组患者由综合医师Dr. Alton治疗，他们被给予糖丸，而患者相信他们在服用抗生素。他们的平均康复时间没有明显缩短。因此，任何被确诊为肌肉损伤的患者应被建议服用抗生素作为辅助治疗。

1:没有说明两组人员的情况
2：没有说明抗生素的副作用
3：严重与一般情况的对比


The author claims that all patients diagnosed with muscle strain should be advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment. To support his assertion, the author cites the preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. However, close scrutiny of the evidence lends little credible support for his conclusion.（还有一个假设啊，自己想想。。）

The most seemingly overwhelming reason for the author's recommendation is the comparison of the two groups of patients. The average recuperation of the group of patients taking antibiotics was 40% quicker than expected while that of those who did not take antibiotics stayed unchanged.（与原文重复，可以缩写，且原文是说not reduced，貌似不等同unchanged）However, the author fails to show us the situation of the two groups of patients. It is entirely possible that the people in first group were all strong, young people while those in second group were mainly old people. （对治疗有何影响？具体说明）Perhaps people in first group all got tiny muscle strain while people in second group all suffered from severe muscle strain. In short, it is undue to compare the result of the two groups. To convince us the results of the two groups are comparable, the author should provide us the situation of the people in both groups.（个人感觉有点乱， 虽然平时我也这么写。作者认为是抗生素导致了两组治愈速度不同，本段着重论述导致治愈速度不同的他因，应该点明作者的假设以及自己论述的目的）

Given that the situations of the two group are the same and the results of the two groups are comparable, however, it still reasonless to get the conclusion for the author tell us not a word about the situation of the antibiotics used in the treatment.（这不是关键，关键是是否是二次感染妨碍了康复） Perhaps the antibiotics itself has the effect of healing muscle strain, helping people taking this kind of antibiotics to recover much quicker. It is also highly possible that taking antibiotics may have side-effects to human body, which do much more harms to the heath of people than muscle strain does.（这一点貌似与寻找他因无关，且没证据易受攻击） In this case, it is ridiculous to tell patients to take antibiotics knowing the bad results of taking it. The author needs further information of curative effects and side-effects of the antibiotics strengthen his recommendation.


Even assuming that antibiotics does help people suffered from severe muscle strain recover much quicker,（more quickly） the author unfairly asserts that all patients, whether their muscle strains are severe or not, should take antibiotics for quicker recuperation. Antibiotics may be effective in curing the secondary infection after severe muscle strain, but not effective at all for the tiny muscle strain as there might not be any secondary infection at all. In other words, taking antibiotics is only a waste of money and drug without any real effects

In sum, the newsletter is unconvincing as it stands. To strength the argument, the author should provide us the situation of patients in the treatments as well as curative effects and side-effects of antibiotics. To better evaluate the recommendation, the author should further information that effects of antibiotics for both severe and tiny muscle strain are similar