Argument242 @@A DREAM @@小组第二次作业 by 吴虑

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242The following appeared as an editorial in the student newspaper of Groveton College.

"To combat the recently reported dramatic rise in cheating among college and university students, these institutions should adopt honor codes similar to Groveton's, which calls for students to agree not to cheat in their academic endeavors and to notify a faculty member if they suspect that others have cheated. Groveton's honor code replaced an old-fashioned system in which students were closely monitored by teachers and an average of thirty cases of cheating per year were reported. The honor code has proven far more successful: in the first year it was in place, students reported twenty-one cases of cheating; five years later, this figure had dropped to fourteen. Moreover, in a recent survey conducted by the Groveton honor council, a majority of students said that they would be less likely to cheat with an honor code in place than without."


逻辑错误点：
1、
校方应该调查清楚最近作弊行为增长的原因，然后再决定是否采取行动以及采取怎样的方式去防止这一现象延续下去。(不明白这个逻辑点合理不？)
2、
honor code不合理，即使学生按学校的要求做了，但也并不表示学生就一定会遵循此项制度，因为没有人会公开表示他考试要作弊；而且要求举报可疑者，可疑者毕竟不是真正的作弊人，有可能被举报的同学没有存在作弊行为，这同样会影响到同学之间的关系。
3、
没有充分证据证明honor code 制度具有普遍适用性。两所学校的师生数量，学校的文化氛围以及考试难度等都会造成巨大的差异。
4、
G学校作弊行为下降的原因并没有被证明就是因为采用honor code制度。五年前G校的学生和五年后的学生生员第一可能不一样，并且学生的数量可能减少，同样会导致作弊行为下降。
5、
调查不具有合理性。第一，调查人群以及调查数量作者没有说明，这些都会导致局限性；第二，被调查人群在应答时不一定表达的是自己的真实想法，有人是随便作答，而有人是为了讨好学校。

中文提纲：
1、
提出作者的逻辑错误点：（1）、honor code制度本身不合理；（2）、honor code制度取得成功的验证不合理；（3）、调查的范围，数量等影响因素作者未考虑；（4）、结论不具有普遍适用性
2、
第一轮攻击：学生同意不作弊不代表不会作弊；举报制度不合理，因为怀疑本来就不是非常可信的，而且还会影响学生关系
3、
第二轮攻击：作者没有考虑到其他情况，例如五年前和五年后的学校学生数量会变化，考试难度可能会变简单等，这些都会造成作弊案例减少。
4、
第三轮攻击：调查不合理：被调查人群数量不确定，范围不确定，答题者可能考虑到其他方面而没有说出真实意愿;作者没有考虑到学校之间的差异，就认为honor code制度具有普遍适用性，不合理。
5、
结论




The editorial argues that institutions should adopt honor codes similar to Groveton’s to combat the dramatic rise in cheating among college and university students. To support this assertion the editorial’s author cites that the honor code, which calls for students to agree not to cheat in their academic endeavors and to notify a faculty member if they suspect that others have cheated, has proven far more successful by the fact that the number of the cases of cheating has reduced from twenty-one to fourteen in five years, and a recent survey which shows that a majority of students said that they would be less likely to cheat with an honor code than without. Close scrutiny reveals, however, that this evidence provides little credible support for the author’s assertion.

One problem with the argument is about the honor codes. Agreeing not to cheat does not mean that the students actually have abandoned cheating. Since no one likes to being considered as cheaters, most of then make the agreement or the will certainly be exposed that they have the motive in cheating. In addition, this report system is problematic, since it is based on suspect. Suspect is quite an inaccurate concept, it may have an influence on the amity among students.

Another problem with the argument involves the situation that the number of the cases of cheating has reduced from twenty-one to fourteen. The author failed to consider the possibility which may lead to this situation. It is quite possible that five years later there is fewer students in Groveton resulting in the low number of cheating cases. In addition, the degree of difficulty of the Groveton’s academic endeavors may become easier so as to the lower number of cheating.

Finally, what about the survey or the situation of using the honor code to other colleges? First, The recent survey is conducted by Gh itself, which makes what it provides open to doubt, the students might be influenced by the surveyors and fail to represent their real opinions. Furthermore, without knowing the number and the scope of students who were surveyed, we can’t trust what the author said. Second, the author failed to consider the differences among the college and university. Every college has different students, its own culture and so on, these factors may lead that different college has different situation about how to manage, but we haven’s got the evidences to support why the honor code can fit other colleges.

In sum, as it stands the editorial is not well supported. To bolster it the author must provide better evidence to make the readers trust it that institutions should adopt honor codes to combat the dramatic rise in cheating.

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The editorial argues that institutions should adopt honor codes similar to Groveton’s to combat the dramatic rise in cheating among college and university students. To support this assertion the editorial’s author cites that the honor code, which calls for students to agree not to cheat in their academic endeavors and to notify a faculty member if they suspect that others have cheated, has proven far more successful by the fact that the number of the cases of cheating has reduced from twenty-one to fourteen in five years, and a recent survey which shows that a majority of students said that they would be less likely to cheat with an honor code than without. Close scrutiny reveals, however, that this evidence provides little credible support for the author’s assertion.

One problem with the argument is about the honor codes. Agreeing not to cheat does not mean that the students actually have abandoned cheating. Since no one likes to being considered as cheaters, most of then make the agreement or the will certainly be exposed that they have the motive in cheating.（the will certainly be exposed that they have the motive in cheating这句话在这里是什么意思，觉得有点不懂，它和上下文的关系不解，楼主解释下哈） In addition, this report system is problematic, since it is based on suspect. Suspect is quite an inaccurate concept, it may have an influence on the amity among students.（觉得楼主的用词真的很不错！）

Another problem with the argument involves the situation that the number of the cases of cheating has reduced from twenty-one to fourteen. The author failed to consider the possibility（这里用复数把） which may lead to this situation. It is quite possible that five years later there is fewer students in Groveton resulting in the low number of cheating cases. In addition, the degree of difficulty of the Groveton’s academic endeavors may become easier so as to the lower number of cheating.

Finally, what about the survey or the situation of using the honor code to other colleges? First, The recent survey is conducted by Gh itself, which makes what it provides open to doubt, the students might be influenced by the surveyors and fail to represent their real opinions. Furthermore, without knowing the number and the scope of students who were surveyed, we can’t trust what the author said. Second, the author failed to consider the differences among the college and university. Every college has different students, its own culture and so on, these factors may lead that different college has different situation about how to manage, but we haven’s got the evidences to support why the honor code can fit other colleges.

In sum, as it stands the editorial is not well supported. To bolster it the author must provide better evidence to make the readers trust it that institutions should adopt honor codes to combat the dramatic rise in cheating

总评：整体来看，楼主的文章似乎没有很大的问题了，自己弄的也不是很清楚，怎样才算是fully develop the topic，有点感觉楼主有一些没有完全的fully develop, 所以下次一起讨论下吧。哦，还有觉得楼主的issue和argument似乎都差不多定型了，结构和语言，逻辑等等都有。再一次赞一下楼主的语言和用词，恩，要好好学习一下！！

仅仅是个人的建议，请多多指教！！

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被评价的这么高~~·我还能改么·~哈哈，，